名詞性從句之賓語從句以及表語從句公開課

1、關(guān)于名詞性從句之賓語從句及表語從句公開課第一張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來該由名詞充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z、賓語、表語和同位語，由一個(gè)句子來充當(dāng),這個(gè)句子就叫名詞性從句。什么是名詞性從句?名詞性從句主語從句 ( The Subject Clause)賓語從句 ( The Object Clause)表語從句 ( The Predicative Clause)同位語從句 ( The Appositive Clause)第二張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Object Clauses 賓語從句第三張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 I know him .

2、2. I know who he is . 主語謂語賓語（簡單句）主語謂語賓 語 從 句連詞從句主語 從句謂語 主 句（復(fù)合句）做賓語的句子叫做賓語從句，跟在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞以及形容人的感覺的形容詞后句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句 +連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+ 賓語從句。語序：陳述語序第四張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The object clauses found in the textOliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.I wonder, Mr. Adams, i

3、f you would mind us asking a few questions.May we ask what you are doing in this country and what your plans are?Well, I cant say that I have any plans.His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers dinner on the table.I didnt know whether I could survive until morning.I am afraid (that )I dont quit

4、e follow you, sir.第五張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月8. Tell us, Mr. Adams, what sort of work did you do in American?9. If you dont mind, may I ask you how much money you have?10. If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I dont think (that) its very funny.11. Now if youll excuse me, I think (that) Ill be on m

5、y way.12. You mustnt think (that) we dont care about you.13. We know (that) you are hard-working.14. Why dont you explain what this is all about?第六張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Conjunctions of Noun Clauses(引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞):從屬連詞(不作成分）連接代詞（作成分）連接副詞（作狀語）what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+everthat, whether, ifwhen, w

6、here, how, why第七張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一、連詞（引導(dǎo)詞） 1. that1) 當(dāng)賓語從句由連詞that引導(dǎo)，由于that在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中常省略。Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. I see (that) its two oclock.Do you think (that) its genuine?第八張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2) 賓語從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下不能省略：（1）當(dāng)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞帶有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上賓語從句時(shí)，

7、此時(shí)第一個(gè)that 可以省略，第二個(gè)或第二個(gè)以后的that不可以省略。（2）當(dāng)that在從句作介詞賓語時(shí)，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式賓語 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中that 不能省。 I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will improve. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.第九張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作

8、于2022年6月 that不能省略的情況4)that從句位于句首時(shí)That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe.5)主句謂語動(dòng)詞與that從句之間有插入語時(shí)We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary.(試用）第十張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3) 在主句為系動(dòng)詞be加某些形容詞（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表語時(shí)，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語

9、從句。Im sorry (that) I dont know .Were sure (that) our team will win .Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .第十一張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月賓語從句中謂語用should do的情況:The general ordered that troops (should) set off at once.He suggested that we (should) all buy dictionaries.I insisted that he (should) apologize t

10、o me.一堅(jiān)持Insist 二命令order command 三建議advise propose suggest recommend四要求ask demand request require 第十二張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月當(dāng)賓語從句是由一般疑問句變來時(shí)，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)， “是否”，不能省略。(1).Lily wanted to know her grandma liked the handbag .(2). Lets see we can find out some information about that city .(3).She asked me

11、she could borrow these books .2. Whether / ifif /whetherif /whetherif /whether第十三張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句 但是： a).當(dāng)有or not時(shí)就用whether,不用if. I dont know whether or not I will stay. b).介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.注意 whether和if的使用區(qū)別:第十四張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月

12、Practice timeif / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I dont know _ he is well or not.4. I dont know _ or not he is well. if / whetherwhetherwhetherwhether第十五張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. 當(dāng)賓語從句是由疑問詞（what, who, whom, which, whose when, where, how, why等）引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)橐蓡栐~在從句中擔(dān)

13、任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略。Do you know - he said just now ? I dont remember- we arrived . I asked him - I could get so much money . Please tell me- we will see . Do you know time the plane leaves ?whatwhenhow/when/why/wherewhomwhatwhen第十六張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did no

14、t come yesterday.2. He has made it clear that he will not give in.注意1： it可以放在動(dòng)詞后作為形式賓語, 真正的賓語-that從句則放在句尾.*_(我們覺得很奇怪)she didnt go to school today.We think it strange that第十七張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注意2：在think, believe, suppose, expect等動(dòng)詞之后的賓語從句中，如果從句謂語是否定含義，則將主句謂語動(dòng)詞think, believe, suppose, expect等變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问?/p>

15、。 I dont think you are right I think you are not right. 注意3：在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等動(dòng)詞以及 Im afraid 等后，可用so代替一個(gè)肯定的賓語從句，或用not代替一個(gè)否定的賓語從句。 一Do you believe it will rain? 一I believe so. I dont believe so. (或I believe not.)（正確）第十八張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、時(shí)態(tài)1. 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài) （包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完

16、成時(shí)），從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根 據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定，（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等）。I know he - here .(live)I know he-here ten years ago .(live) I have heard that he -tomorrow .(come)liveslivedwill come第十九張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.如果主句是過去的時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)），那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)， 過去完成時(shí)）I knew who - here.(live) He ask

17、ed whether his father _ tomorrow. (come back)livedwould come back3.當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。The teacher said that the earth -around the sun.（travel）travels第二十張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether2.We dont know _ they did it . A. ho

18、w B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that第二十一張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the stat

19、ion B. where is the station C. how could I get to the station D. how I can reach the station6. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like7. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you li

20、ve第二十二張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Predicative Clauses 表語從句第二十三張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月半系動(dòng)詞詞匯語態(tài)感官性系動(dòng)詞主觀判斷系動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)變化系動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞look, sound, smell, taste, feel etc.主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)seem, appear, turn out, prove, happen etc.系動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)不定式可主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)become, turn, grow, get, go, come, fall, etc.無被動(dòng)keep, remain, stay, lie etc.無被動(dòng)第二十四張，PPT共

21、三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月從屬連詞(不作成分）連接代詞（作成分）連接副詞（作狀語）what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+everthat, whether, as if/as thoughwhen, where, how, why.because表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句,放在系動(dòng)詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語從句”。表語從句用陳述句的語序。表語從句第二十五張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. that 引導(dǎo)的表語從句 連接詞that 僅起連接作用，無意義，不作任何成分，通常不可省略。對主句主語的內(nèi)容進(jìn)一步解釋。The fact

22、is that we have lost the game.The problem is that we dont have money.第二十六張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月主語表示建議，命令，要求，計(jì)劃（suggestion、advice、order、request、proposal、plan）等的名詞后，表語從句要用虛擬語氣：(should )+v原形e.g: My suggestion is that we should go and help him.第二十七張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The question is who should come firs

23、t. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting.This is how they overcome the difficulties. 2. what, which, who, whom, whose，where, when, why, how引導(dǎo)的表語從句。（主語）（地點(diǎn)狀語）（原因狀語）（方式狀語）第二十八張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. whether 引導(dǎo)的表語從句 whether起連接作用， 意為“是否、究竟、到底”，在句中也不作任何成分。（注意：if不能引導(dǎo)

24、表語從句) The question is whether the man will turn up in time.第二十九張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. As if/though 引導(dǎo)的表語從句 當(dāng)它與事實(shí)相反是，可用虛擬語氣 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反： 一般過去時(shí)與過去事實(shí)相反：過去完成時(shí)與將來事實(shí)相反：would/might/could + v原形They treat the boy as if he were their own son.第三十張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 5.表示原因的幾種表語從句：The reason is that you havent written to me for a long time.The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.3) I was late. That was because I missed the train.4) I missed the train , this was why I was late. because + 原因That/This/It is /was why +結(jié)果定語從句第三十一張，PPT共三十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注