步步高2015屆高考英語（北師大版廣東專用）一輪復(fù)習(xí)配套導(dǎo)學(xué)案：虛擬語氣

1、虛擬語氣一、以if條件從句為虛擬語氣標(biāo)志時態(tài)從句動詞形式主句動詞形式與現(xiàn)在事實相反didwould/could/should/might do與將來事實相反(1)did(2)were to do(3)should dowould/could/should/might do與過去事實相反had donewould/could/should/might have done含蓄條件句有時虛擬語氣并不總是用if引導(dǎo)的條件句來表示，而是通過一些詞或短語表示出來。這些詞或短語引出的條件與if引導(dǎo)的條件句意義相似，如but for，with，without，otherwise，or，but等。其中but f

2、or相當(dāng)于if it were not for/if it had not been for，表示“要不是”。He wouldnt have survived but for the neighbours timely help.二、suggest等動詞及其相應(yīng)的名詞后跟的從句中虛擬語氣的用法1賓語從句suggest等表示建議、愿望、命令等的動詞后跟的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣，從句謂語的結(jié)構(gòu)為“should動詞原形”，其中should可以省略。The doctor suggested that he (should) take more rest.2主語從句在“It is/was suggest

3、edthat引導(dǎo)的主語從句”中，主語從句要用虛擬語氣， 即“should動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中should可以省略。另外，在“It is/was important(necessary，desirable，advisable等)that引導(dǎo)的主語從句”中，從句也常用虛擬語氣，謂語用“should動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中should可以省略。It is suggested that the building (should) be pulled down.It is necessary that a doctor (should) be sent for at once.3表語從句當(dāng)suggestio

4、n，order，proposal，demand等名詞作主語時，其后的表語從句中要用虛擬語氣“should動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中should可以省略。My advice is that you (should) give up smoking.4同位語從句在suggestion，advice，order，proposal，demand等名詞后跟的同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，謂語用“should動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中should可以省略。His suggestion that we (should) set off at 500 am.is not good enough.三、虛擬語氣的特殊句型1It

5、is (high/about) time (that) sb.did sth.It is (high/about) time (that) sb.did sth.2would rather (that) sb.did sth.Id rather you left tomorrow.1George is going to talk about the geography of his country，but Id rather he_more on its culture.(2010江蘇，34)Afocus BfocusedCwould focus Dhad focused2The weathe

6、r has been very hot and dry.Yes.If it had rained even a drop，things would be much better now！And my vegetables_.(2010北京，34)Awouldnt dieBdidnt dieChadnt diedDwouldnt have died一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1Had we been here a bit earlier，we _(be) able to catch the last bus.2If you _(take) my advice，you _(cry) over you

7、r failure now.3I have gone through a hard time in the last few years.Really？I wish you _(tell) me about it earlier.After all，we are friends.4Why didnt you attend Lindas wedding?I wouldnt like to.It is strange that she _(marry) that goodfornothing guy.5My father insisted that every minute _(make) ful

8、l use of _(do) the work well.二、單項填空1We would join them for dinner _.Ashould they ask Bshall they askCif they ask Dwhether they ask2My suggestion is that you _ much meat.Awouldnt take Bshall not takeCnot have Dwont have3How I want to have studied harder when I was in school.If you _，you wouldnt work

9、late into night every day nowadays.Adid Bshould Chad Dwould 4._ he come and visit you as planned?Of course.And Id rather he _ me what he saw with his own eyes in Greece.AWill；will tell BShall；toldCShall；will tell DWill；told5_ he had not hurt his leg，John would have won the race.AIf BSinceCThough DWh

10、en6_ it rain tomorrow，we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.AWould BShouldCWere DWill7Any information about your son?No.If only I _ those tough words to him.Adidnt sayBhadnt saidCshouldnt have saidDcouldnt have said8They must have enjoyed themselves there，otherwise they _ so long.A

11、cant have stayedBwouldnt have stayedCcant stayDwouldnt stay9I hope youre enjoying your stay here.If it _ for the climate，I would like it here very much.Aisnt Bhasnt beenCwerent Dhadnt been10Johnson，come and look at the sea！It is beautiful，isnt it?Absolutely！If only I _here by the sea.Alived BliveCha

12、d lived Dwill live答案感悟高考1B句意為：喬治打算談?wù)撍膰业牡乩?，但我寧愿他更多地把焦點集中在文化上。would rather后接從句時，從句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，若表示與將來和現(xiàn)在的事實相反的情況，則謂語動詞要用一般過去時，由上句中“is going to.”可知B項時態(tài)正確。2D句意為：天氣又熱又干燥。是的。要是稍微下點兒雨，現(xiàn)在的情況就會更好一些！那樣我的蔬菜就不會死掉了。由條件句中的had rained可以推出這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，但是主句有時間狀語now，所以用了與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣would be；最后一句話也是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故用w

13、ouldnt have died。領(lǐng)悟語法一、1.would have been2.had taken；wouldnt be crying3.had told4.(should) have married5.(should) be made；to do二、1.A由主句的結(jié)構(gòu)可知這是對將來情況的虛擬，此時從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是should do/were to do/did，如果從句省略if則構(gòu)成部分倒裝，故選A。2Csuggestion后應(yīng)用“should動詞原形”的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，should可以省略。3C由“when I was in school”可知是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句省略了studied hard。 4.Bshall用于第一、三人稱，在問句中表示征求對方的意見或請求；would rather后的從句若表示將來的動作，謂語動詞用過去時。5A本題為與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句。6B由tomorrow可知，從句應(yīng)該是對將來情況的假設(shè)，此時從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是should do/were to do/did，如果從句省略if則構(gòu)成部分倒裝，故選B。7B由語境可知