語(yǔ)言學(xué)樹(shù)形圖課后問(wèn)題詳解

1、WOR/式文檔樹(shù)形圖詳細(xì)講解網(wǎng)上的相對(duì)理想的樹(shù)形圖答案，注意正兩點(diǎn)：短語(yǔ)和中心詞在一豎線(xiàn)上含有形容詞修飾語(yǔ)的名詞短語(yǔ)的畫(huà)法NPDethe following sentencesa little boyIndicate the category of each word in tThe old lady suddenlyleft. Det A N Qual VThe car stopped at the end ofthe road. Det N V P Det N P Det NThe snow might have blocked the road.Det N Aux Aux V Det N

2、He never appears quitemature. N Qual V Deg AThe following phrases include a head, a complement, and a specifier. Draw the appropriate tree structure for each.full of peopleAPA P N專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔full of peoplea story about a sentimental girlNPa story abouta sentimental girloften read detective storiesQ

3、ualoften read detective stories專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔the argument against the proposalsNPNPthe argument against the proposalsmove towards the windowVPVppTP Det Nmove towards the windowDraw phrase structure trees for each of the following sentences.NP Infl VPDetThe jeb) Mary became veryil.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPN

4、 Pst V AP專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式Deg AMary became very專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式The apple might hit the man.manTheDet Napple might hit the專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔He often reads detective stories.SA NHe often reads detective storiesORNP In PresN Qual V NPA NHe often reads detective stories 4. The following sentences contain modifiers of v

5、arious types. For each sentence, first identify the modifier(s), then draw the tree structures.a) A frightened-passenger landed thecrippledairplane. InflP(=S)NP 卜fl VFDet A N Pst V NPA frightened passengerDet A Nlanded the crippled airplane專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔b) A huge moon hung in the blackA huge moon hun

6、g inthe black skyc) An unusual event occurred before themeeting. InflP(dS)NP Infl VPDet ADetNAn unusual eventoccurred before themeetingd) An old house appeared on I thessy hill. InflNPet AN PNPDetAn old house5. The followingsentencesfor each of the sentences.appeared onthe grassyhillcontainconjoined

7、categorie s.Draw a treestructure專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔a) Jim has washed the dirty shirtsNPNand pants. InflP(=S)Jimhas washed the dirty shirts and pantsORNPInflVNPDetANPNCONNpantsJimhas washed the dirty shirts andV P De NHelen put on her clothes and went out專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔ORInflP(=S)outNPNPs tVPV FHelen put on

8、her clothes and went c) Mbry is fond of literature but tired of statistics.VA P N V A P NMary is fond of liure but(is) tired of statisticsORVA PN V A P NMary is fond ofbut (is) tired of statisticsliterature專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔d) The detective went out and the mysterious man came in.The detective went out a

9、nd the mysterious man came ine) Crusoe knows that spring will come and the snow will melt.SNPNV Det N Aux Vcome and the snow willVPCPCSNP VPN AuxCrusoe knows that spring willmeltThe following sentences all contain embedded clauses that function ascomplements of a verb, an adjective, a preposition or

10、 a noun. Draw a tree structure for each sentence.NPNNPa) You know that I hate war.VPCPV CN V NP專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔Youknow that I hate war專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式Y(jié)ouknow thathatewarNPwhether the classb) He said that Tom ass over.SVPCPCSVNPVPCPV CSNNP VPHeDet N VL Asaid that Tom asked whether the class was ov

11、er專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔c) Gerry can t believe the fact that Anna flunked the English exam.NPVPAux Neg VDetGerr can not ybelieveEnglish examth fact thatAnna flunked ethe專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔d) Chris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Royce.NPNVPCPSNPVPDet NV NP NPN Det NVL A CChrisRolls-Roycewas happy thah

12、ifathtserbough him a te) The children argued over whether bats had wings.The childrenargued over whether batshad wingsEach of the following sentences contains a relative clause. Draw the deep structure and the surface structure trees for each of the sentences.專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔a) The essay that he wrote

13、was too long. Deep structureCNPDetThe essayhe wrote that wastoo longSuructureCPNP NP I】fl i VPN N Pst V NPThe essay that hewrote e was too long專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式Thebitesdog he keepsN N Pres V. NPbitesThe dog that he keeps e專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔Herbert found the man she loved. Deep structurewhoCPCSNPVVNPCPCSDet Nnf

14、l VPNPI卜PNVNN InfllovedNVshelove e dHerber tfound theman (whom)專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔The girl whom he often quarrels with majors inlinguistics. Deep structureTheDetgi rlhe often quarrels with whom majors inlinguisticsNPNPDet NCPPl VPThegi rlwhom heofte nquarre lswit he majorsinNPVP N專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式linguistics專(zhuān)業(yè)資

15、料整理AdvCNPInflSurface structuretomorrowInflVAdvwould youcometomorrowWOR/式文檔The derivationsof the following sentencesinvolve the inversiontransformation.Give the deep structureand the surface structure trees for each ofthese sentences.Would you come tomorrow?Deep structureN Infl V專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔Can you

16、pass me thenewspaper? Deep structureCNPIn V N Det N flyou canpass me the newspaperIn fl附 In V N Det N flCan youpass me the newspaper專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔c) Should the students report the incident? Deep structureCSDe I V二 tfltthe studentsshouldreportthSurfacestructure * CP1L J ， L 一CSVPInNPNPflDe NInfVDe Ntltt1should the students ereportth一 .e incident一二一一一e incident專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔CPNNyou did eat what forlunchSurface structureNP CInfl NPd) What did you eat forlunch? Deep structureCNPNN N Inf v P1LlIINNwhat you e didea e fo lunch專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WOR/式文檔Who should thi