《新編美國(guó)文學(xué)史（第三卷）》課件lecture 2

1、Colonial Literature(16071776)Lecture 21Outline Historical Background: Settlement and Colonial literaturePuritanism and American LiteratureAnne Bradstreet: “To my Dear and loving Husband ” and “Upon The Burning Of Our House, July 10th, 1666”2Settlement and Colonial literature The unsettlement of Euro

2、pe: Religious reform; English Civil War(1642-1651)13 colonies : fidelity to the British king, mainly Protestant in religion, agricultural in economy, and English in speech.US. : Diversity within unity3Why Virginia was Colonized: 1607Why the Puritans colonized New England: 1620-1640John Cotton Arbell

3、a, the flagship4American PuritanismWhen you hear the word “Puritan” what do you think?Serious, strict,austere,narrow,severe,intolerantIdealistic & Practical5Basic Puritan Beliefsoriginal sinPredestination Manifest destiny “In Adams fall, We sinned all” God “saves” those he wishes“During the last 60

4、days I have been engaged in the task of constructing an administration. I have been guided by the standard John Winthrop set before his shipmates on the flagshipArabellasic 331 years ago, as they, too, faced the task of building a government on a new and perilous frontier. We must always consider, h

5、e said, that we shall be as a city upon a hillthe eyes of all people are upon us. Today the eyes of all people are truly upon usand our governments, in every branch, at every level, national, State, and local, must be as a city upon a hillconstructed and inhabited by men aware of their grave trust a

6、nd their great responsibilities.” Congressional Record,January 10, 19616Puritanism vs. literature “What is he?” murmurs one gray shadow of my forefathers to the other. “A writer of story-books! What kind of a business in life,what mode of glorifying God, or being serviceable to mankind in his day an

7、d generation,may that be? Why, the degenerate fellow might as well have been a fiddler!”7Pilgrims going to Church8Anne Bradstreet: life and works“To have written the rst good poems in America, while rearing eight children, lying frequently sick, keeping house at the edge of the wilderness.” （Adrienn

8、e Rich）Thomas DudleySimon BradstreetSimon Bradstreet, the final Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony9The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America(1647)Several Poems Compiled with Great Variety of Wit and Learning, Full of Delight(1678)10Preface to The Tenth MuseIt is the Work of a Woman, honoured,

9、 and esteemed where she lives, for her gracious demeanour, her eminent parts, her pious conversation, her courteous dispostion, her exact diligence in her place, and discreet mannaging of her family occasions; and more then so, these Poems are the fruit but of some few houres, curtailed from her sle

10、ep, and other refreshments.John Woodbridge11“To my Dear and loving Husband ” and “Upon The Burning Of Our House, July 10th, 1666”Prepare one formal question to ask the class 12To my Dear and loving HusbandIFever two were one, then surely we.If ever man were lovd by wife, then thee,If ever wife was h

11、appy in a man,Compare with me ye women if you can.I prize thy love more then whole Mines of gold,Or all the riches that the East doth hold,My love is such that Rivers cannot quench,Nor ought but love from thee, give recompence.Thy love is such I can no way repay,The heavens reward thee manifold I pr

12、ay.Then while we live, in love lets so persever,That when we live no more, we may live ever.13CENTRAL QUESTIONSWhat is this poem about? Does it change your impression of Puritans?14American Gothic by Grant WoodIf ever two were one, then surely we.If ever man were lovd by wife, then thee.Surely, we:

13、oneness If ever two were one, then surely (are) we.If ever man were lovd by wife, then (are) thee.if everthenSyntax: union Ifthen : arguingtwo bold, independent, declarative statements15If ever wife was happy in a man,Compare with me ye women if you can.ye women : addressing other woman16I prize thy

14、 love more then whole Mines of gold,Or all the riches that the East doth hold,Love vs. money 17My love is such that Rivers cannot quench,Rivers: love as an ongoing thirst-her love desire can be neither stopped nor quantified (as riches can).riches, rivers, mines=earthly, Natural images 18Nor ought b

15、ut love from thee, give recompence.Para:“the only thing on earth that equals or compensates my love for you is yours for me.”“recompence”: slant rhyme: why? rhymeinwhicheitherthevowelsortheconsonantsofstressed syllablesareidentical,asineyes,light;years,yours; quench vs. recompence mismatch of ideas:

16、 money, thirst vs. love 19Thy love is such I can no way repay,The heavens reward thee manifold I pray.Para:the speaker cannot “repay” her husbands love; only heaven can.My love is such that Rivers cannot quench,.Thy love is such I can no way repay,(why?)Man vs. woman vs. God20Then while we live, in

17、love lets so persever,That when we live no more, we may live ever.“We may live ever”? Why? Love outlive death:Does a wish for forever love contradict the Puritan devotion to spiritual existence?21One day I wrote her name upon the strand,But came the waves and washe d it away:Agayne I wrote it with a

18、 second hand,But came the tyde, and made my paynes his pray.Vayne man, sayd she, that doest in vaineassay, A mortall thing so to immortalize,For I my selve shall lyke to this decay,And eek my name bee wype d out lykewise.Not so, quod I, let baser things devize,To dy in dust, but you shall live by fa

19、me: My verse your vertues rare shall eternize,And in the heavens wryte your glorious name.Where whenas death shall all the world subdew,Our love shall live, and later life renew.22Sonnet 75Themes Time Eternity: ifeverLove ? Eternity (Sonnet 18)Puritan: earth vs. heaven; love vs. Gods grace“ Then whi

20、le we live, in love lets so persevere,That when we live no more, we may live ever.”“in love lets so persever, / And when we live no more, we will live forever.”23Sex role“wife”“man” husband-the unevenness of gender roles in Puritan culture Reading and discussion:1. In “Upon the Burning of Our House,

21、” which lines appeal to you most? 2. How does Bradstreet feel about worldly things? 24“Upon The Burning Of Our House, July 10th, 1666” 1In silent night when rest I took, 2For sorrow near I did not look, 3I wakend was with thundring noise 4And piteous shrieks of dreadful voice. 5That fearful sound of

22、 fire and fire, 6Let no man know is my Desire.What is “my desire”?25 7I starting up, the light did spy, 8And to my God my heart did cry 9To straighten me in my Distress 10And not to leave me succourless. 11Then coming out, behold a space 12The flame consume my dwelling place.26 13And when I could no

23、 longer look, 14I blest his Name that gave and took, 15That laid my goods now in the dust. 16Yea, so it was, and so twas just. 17It was his own; it was not mine. 18Far be it that I should repine,What do these pronouns refer to?27Job1:21And said, Naked came I out of my mothers womb, and naked shall I

24、 return thither: the LORD gave, and the LORD hath taken away; blessed be the name of the LORD.“少年派的奇幻漂流：2012年的約伯記”田卉群Job with his three daughtersby William Blake28 19He might of all justly bereft 20But yet sufficient for us left. 21When by the Ruins oft I past 22My sorrowing eyes aside did cast 23An

25、d here and there the places spy 24Where oft I sate and long did lie.29loss 25Here stood that Trunk, and there that chest, 26There lay that store I counted best, 27My pleasant things in ashes lie 28And them behold no more shall I. 29Under the roof no guest shall sit, 30Nor at thy Table eat a bit.30Wh

26、at does her Home mean to her? 31No pleasant talk shall ere be told 32Nor things recounted done of old. 33No Candle ere shall shine in Thee, 34Nor bridegrooms voice ere heard shall bee. 35In silence ever shalt thou lie. 36Adieu, Adieu, Alls Vanity.31Change of emotion? 37Then straight I gin my heart t

27、o chide: 38And did thy wealth on earth abide, 39Didst fix thy hope on mouldring dust, 40The arm of flesh didst make thy trust? 41Raise up thy thoughts above the sky 42That dunghill mists away may fly.32How is her home in heaven like? 43Thou hast a house on high erect 44Framd by that mighty Architect

28、, 45With glory richly furnished 46Stands permanent, though this be fled. 47Its purchased and paid for too 48By him who hath enough to do.33What is the price/his gift? 49A price so vast as is unknown, 50Yet by his gift is made thine own. 51Theres wealth enough; I need no more. 52Farewell, my pelf; farewell,