2022年江蘇大學(xué)自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年江蘇大學(xué)自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】What he had done is _ A、value B、of valuable C、of no value D、of no valuable【正確答案】C【答案解析】of+n=adj，可以作表語。of no value：沒有一點價值。value是名詞，不能作表語，也不能形容主語的性質(zhì)。B和D都是of+adj的結(jié)構(gòu)，是錯誤的。第2題【單選題】【2009.04】The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just _. A、tentative B、vali

2、d C、technical D、thorough【正確答案】A【答案解析】譯文：這項研究的結(jié)論不是一定的；它只是試探性的。試題分析：形容詞詞義選擇題。詳細(xì)解答：A 不確定的、試探性的；B 正當(dāng)?shù)?、有根?jù)的、有效的；C 技術(shù)性的、專門技術(shù)的；D 徹底的、十足的。第3題【單選題】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：大會什么時候召開還沒有決定。詳細(xì)解答：A 什么；B 哪一個；C 什么時候；D （無詞義）

3、。第4題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjus

4、t body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author

5、 cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability_. A、to create an environment of its own B、to remain still when an enemy is near C、to make food from inorganic chemicals D、to change the color of its skin【正確答案】A【答案解析】作者舉例，證明觀點；例子不需要看懂，關(guān)鍵要看論據(jù)；一般論點在前（

6、前一句或段落首句），論據(jù)在后。第5題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehic

7、les had a hard time getting to people. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題的意思是：救援車輛費了很大勁才把人救出來。此句的意思在最后一句提到了，故選A。第6題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked

8、most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was

9、 to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired the world because _. A、she had managed to save so much money B、she gave her

10、money to African Americans C、she gave her life savings to help others through university D、she only spent money on cheap things【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。only是絕對詞，在選項D中出現(xiàn)，根據(jù)經(jīng)驗排除D；對照原文第一自然段最后一句話there was something quite exceptional about this woman說她有些特別的地方，接著第二自然段就講In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,0

11、00, most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分積攢的錢捐獻(xiàn)給了家鄉(xiāng)的大學(xué)，A和B表達(dá)都不全面，答案是C。第7題【單選題】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ev

12、er be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their perfor

13、mance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Main Results of Recent Researches B、Popular Doubt about the New View C、Effect of Environment on Intelligence D、Impact on School Education【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段提出了一個新的對智力的認(rèn)識，與過去一

14、些年的傳統(tǒng)的把智力看做是一種不變的能力的這種理解不同，它主張智力和人的成長環(huán)境有關(guān)。因此選擇C。第8題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advis

15、ed to take cool milk. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。文章說到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. 避免喝牛奶和奶油飲料。第9題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】As far as astronomers（天文學(xué)家） can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws

16、 in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.Astronomers believe that matter in differ

17、ent parts of the universe A、obeys different laws. B、obeys one common law. C、obeys the same laws. D、obeys no common law.【正確答案】C【答案解析】答題依據(jù)在本段的第二句。科學(xué)家沒有理由懷疑宇宙中的物質(zhì)遵循同一法則，即他們相信宇宙中不同地方的物質(zhì)是遵循同一法則的。第10題【單選題】【2009.04】This is the first time that a woman has been_ to the post. A、granted B、praised C、pointed D、a

18、ppointed【正確答案】D【答案解析】譯文：這是第一次任命一位婦女擔(dān)任此職位。試題分析：本題考查詞義辨析。詳細(xì)解答：A 允許、同意；B 表揚、贊揚；C 指、指出；D 指定、任命、委任。第11題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Today, working less than a 40-hour week, people enjoy more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, young or old. It is a particularly d

19、ifficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. Those people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find interesting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult problem for people _. A、who are ver

20、y busy everyday B、who are sick in bed C、who are aged and in good health D、who have retired from work【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題可采用排除法，第三句話（It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living.），可以看出這三類人對于怎樣度過空閑時光是特別困難的，所以可以排除BCD項，選A。第12題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Many

21、years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received

22、 a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt _. A、sad B、disappointed

23、 C、horrible D、nervous【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。事實細(xì)節(jié)題。年輕人回到家里，出現(xiàn)了兩個關(guān)鍵詞sadness和regret，可以判斷年輕人的心情是非常傷心的。故選A。第13題【單選題】【2009.7】An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work _. A、personally B、scarcely C、respectively D、responsibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】如果一個員工做工作總是認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，他就是完全可信賴的?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 親自地; B

24、 幾乎不; C 個別地; D 可靠地第14題【單選題】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查過去分詞意義區(qū)分。譯文：如果受傷的戰(zhàn)士營養(yǎng)很好，他們就會很快痊愈。A 營養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)；B 填滿，塞滿； C 馴服（猛獸）；D 冒險第15題【單選題】【2009.01】Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always_paying the bill.

25、 A、end up B、arrive at C、drop out D、give off【正確答案】A【答案解析】句意：每當(dāng)我與他外出吃飯，最后總是我付賬?？疾槎陶Z意義區(qū)分。 A 以而告終；B 達(dá)到，取得；C 不參加，隱退；D 散發(fā)。 第16題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However, middle class is not a real designation, nor does it carry privileges. It is more of a perceptio

26、n, which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II. The economy was growing, more and more people owned their own homes, workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them, and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. The information in thi

27、s passage deals with_. A、an individual B、a social and economic group C、a political organization D、Government【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。通過閱讀本段，middle class中產(chǎn)階級是一個群體，選答案B。第17題【單選題】【2009.04】The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just _. A、tentative B、valid C、technical D、thorough【正確答案】A【答案解析】譯文：這項研

28、究的結(jié)論不是一定的；它只是試探性的。試題分析：形容詞詞義選擇題。詳細(xì)解答：A 不確定的、試探性的；B 正當(dāng)?shù)?、有根?jù)的、有效的；C 技術(shù)性的、專門技術(shù)的；D 徹底的、十足的。第18題【單選題】【完成句子】Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some o

29、f us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go on a diet to_. A、keep fit B、have a body shape that all people will admire C、prolong life span D、get ride of digestive system diseases【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段文字指出，

30、很多人為了達(dá)到當(dāng)前流行的體型（reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape）而不惜通過節(jié)食等方法減肥。因此選擇B。第19題【單選題】【2010.04】The student _ described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town. A、artificially B、vividly C、critically D、viciously【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查副詞的詞義辨析。這個學(xué)生生動地描述了他的家鄉(xiāng)美麗的山河。第20題【單選題】【完成句子】In Bri

31、tain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing the

32、m effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because _. A、too much energy B、based on American designs C、they are too costly D、they are not reliable【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是講的兩個原因，即人們的工資水平太低，也就是沒有能力使機器人發(fā)揮出創(chuàng)造財富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二個原因就是人們逐漸意識到了操縱機器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以應(yīng)該選C。第21題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Many

33、years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received

34、 a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt _. A、sad B、disappointed

35、 C、horrible D、nervous【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。事實細(xì)節(jié)題。年輕人回到家里，出現(xiàn)了兩個關(guān)鍵詞sadness和regret，可以判斷年輕人的心情是非常傷心的。故選A。第22題【單選題】【填句補文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素

36、周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn. C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正確答案】C【答案解析】這一段是劍橋大學(xué)的Albert Galy的原話，我

37、們可以從引導(dǎo)整個關(guān)鍵點得出答案。即：“地學(xué)化學(xué)家們只想通過直覺判斷元素的活動。我想等高線對學(xué)生們有好處”。第23題【單選題】【2009.01】Modern economics _the countrys agricultural policies. A、undergoes B、understands C、underlies D、undertakes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟學(xué)是國家農(nóng)業(yè)政策的基礎(chǔ)?？疾樾谓鼊釉~詞義。A 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；B 了解；C 成為的基礎(chǔ)；D 承擔(dān)，保證。 第24題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of us can find 15 minutes

38、 or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no difference.You are advised to read something before you _. A、find the topic sentence

39、s B、find out the new words C、keep reading fast D、go to bed every day【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段提到一位著名的醫(yī)生不管晚上睡得多晚，都要花15分鐘讀點東西，那已經(jīng)成為習(xí)慣。所以本題說“在你干什么之前，建議你讀點東西”，從選項中看只有 D 項合適。第25題【單選題】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intellig

40、ence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but t

41、heir performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Main Results of Recent Researches B、Popular Doubt about the New View C、Effect of Environment on Intelligence D、Impact on School Education【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段提出了一個新的

42、對智力的認(rèn)識，與過去一些年的傳統(tǒng)的把智力看做是一種不變的能力的這種理解不同，它主張智力和人的成長環(huán)境有關(guān)。因此選擇C。第26題【單選題】【2010.04】Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five _ stages. A、moderate B、initial C、distinct D、advanced【正確答案】C【答案解析】【譯文】專家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)正常的睡眠可以分為五個不同的階段?！驹囶}分析】本題考查詞匯?！驹敿?xì)解答】形容詞的詞義選取。第27題【單選題】【2009.7】The house was quiet in

43、the night, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、as for B、such as C、instead of D、except for【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語意義區(qū)分。譯文：除了偶爾我咳嗽一下以外，這所房子在夜晚非常安靜。A 至于，關(guān)于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第28題【單選題】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇

44、。譯文：大會什么時候召開還沒有決定。詳細(xì)解答：A 什么；B 哪一個；C 什么時候；D （無詞義）。第29題【單選題】The professor asked a question, and David _ a good answer. A、put up with B、stood up for C、came up with D、looked down upon【正確答案】C【答案解析】題目意思：教授問了一個問題，戴維想出一個答案。本題是短語意義區(qū)分題。本題是A 忍受、忍耐 B保衛(wèi)、支持 C 想出、提出 D 輕視、看不起 第30題【單選題】【2009.10】As for family educati

45、on, parents are encouraged to rely on _ rather than punishment. A、criticism B、intimidation C、persuasion D、scolding【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分。【譯文】 關(guān)于家庭教育，鼓勵父母們依靠說服而不是懲罰孩子。 A 批評、指責(zé) B 恐嚇、威脅 C 說服、勸服 D 責(zé)罵、斥責(zé)第31題【單選題】【2010.04】Even after decades of _ the two brothers recognized each other immediately. A、separ

46、ation B、cooperation C、correspondence D、communication【正確答案】A【答案解析】【譯文】盡管已經(jīng)分別了幾十年，這兩兄弟都是立刻認(rèn)出了對方。【試題分析】詞匯題?！驹敿?xì)解答】名詞的詞義選取。第32題【單選題】【填句補文】The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. _. Many of the islands were formed by the eruption（爆發(fā)）of ancie

47、nt volcanoes（火山）Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean. A、They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty. B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands? C、Theyre like a long necklace that stretches between North and South

48、 America. D、But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正確答案】C【答案解析】第一句話說的是：加勒比群島形成了一個鎖鏈，把加勒比海與大西洋的其他部分分開。答案是C，因為它的第一個詞是They，該詞指The Caribbean Islands；而且在語義上也有很好的銜接。第33題【單選題】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially pol

49、luted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to

50、_. A、the persistence of heavy metals B、industrially polluted soils C、naturally polluted soils D、rock and soil chemistry【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金屬，而且重金屬很穩(wěn)定，不容易降解，所以要對重金屬進(jìn)行徹底的清除。答案選擇A。第34題【單選題】【概括大意】Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life t

51、hey killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic Eruptions B、Accounting for the Killing P

52、ower of Older Eruptions C、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older Eruptions D、A Mass Extinction【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段第一句話是說：Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes；Wignall 計算了這些火山的“滅絕效率”；其中killing efficiency與killing Power意思差不多，屬于同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換，因此選擇B或C，但是account for 意思是：（在數(shù)量方面）占；說明（原因等）不符合句意，

53、因此不選擇B。第35題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability t

54、o adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The

55、 author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability_. A、to create an environment of its own B、to remain still when an enemy is near C、to make food from inorganic chemicals D、to change the color of its skin【正確答案】A【答案解析】作者舉例，證明觀點；例子不需要看懂，關(guān)鍵要看論據(jù)；

56、一般論點在前（前一句或段落首句），論據(jù)在后。第36題【單選題】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、as for B、such as C、instead of D、except for【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語意義區(qū)分。譯文：除了偶爾我咳嗽一下以外，這所房子在夜晚非常安靜。A 至于，關(guān)于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第37題【單選題】【2009.04】We _ go out to restaurants, but mostly we e

57、at at home. A、occasionally B、relatively C、continually D、absolutely【正確答案】A【答案解析】譯文：我們偶爾外出去餐館吃飯，但通常是在家吃飯。試題分析：本題考查副詞意義辨析。詳細(xì)解答：A 偶爾地、偶然地、不經(jīng)常；B 相對地、比較地；C 持續(xù)地、不間斷地；D 完全地。第38題【單選題】【2009.04】Ive got the order from the boss that the work _ finished before 5 p.m. today. A、would be B、be C、will have been D、coul

58、d be【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查名詞從句中的虛擬語氣。譯文：我已經(jīng)從老板那得到指令，這項工作在今天下午五點鐘之前要完成。詳細(xì)解答：that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明order的內(nèi)容。同時從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用should+動詞原形的形式，should 可以省略。第39題【單選題】【概括大意】Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they p

59、roduced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic Eruptions B、Accounting for the Killing Power of Older Eruptions C、Calculation of the Killi

60、ng Power of Older Eruptions D、A Mass Extinction【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段第一句話是說：Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes；Wignall 計算了這些火山的“滅絕效率”；其中killing efficiency與killing Power意思差不多，屬于同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換，因此選擇B或C，但是account for 意思是：（在數(shù)量方面）占；說明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不選擇B。第40題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The farm is set right next t