英語(yǔ)三級(jí)A考試寫作課件

1、高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力考試A級(jí)作文分析主講人Du Xinrun第1頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。一、A級(jí)考試作文概述 1 書信 2 通知 3 便條二、?？甲魑牧信e 三、經(jīng)典句型四、作文評(píng)判五、小測(cè)第2頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。一、概述A級(jí)寫作主要考查書面表達(dá)能力（應(yīng)用文寫作能力）該部分所占分值15分，時(shí)間25分鐘A、根據(jù)所給情景，寫出約100詞（不計(jì)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)）的簡(jiǎn)單信件、通告、便條等簡(jiǎn)單應(yīng)用文，包括應(yīng)用文格式，如信件稱呼、署名、結(jié)尾套語(yǔ)等B、根據(jù)所給情景，寫出不少于120詞（不計(jì)算標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)）的說(shuō)明性或議論性文章。情景包括圖畫、圖表、文字等。第3頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。A應(yīng)用文寫作1、書信書信分為公函和私函。二者主要區(qū)別在對(duì)象和內(nèi)容。

2、前者如資訊信、推薦信，后者如問(wèn)候信、邀請(qǐng)信。書信一般構(gòu)成: 1. Heading（信頭）：信頭指發(fā)信人單位名稱、地址、電話號(hào)碼、傳真號(hào)碼等，及發(fā)信日期。發(fā)信人名稱和地址等應(yīng)寫在信紙右上角，即日期上邊。2. Salutation（稱呼）：稱呼一般低于信頭兩行，左對(duì)齊。一般在人名前加上dear并冠以尊稱。 3. Body （正文）：說(shuō)明寫信意圖，各行首行縮進(jìn)。 4. Complimentary Close（結(jié)尾禮詞）：寫上表示自己對(duì)收信人一種禮貌客氣的謙稱，寫于右側(cè)簽名上方。 5. Signature（簽名）：署上寫信人姓名，寫于右側(cè)。第4頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。道歉信（1）寫作要領(lǐng) 寫道歉信態(tài)度要誠(chéng)懇，措

3、詞應(yīng)委婉，要把原委解釋清楚。一般在信開頭就要向?qū)Ψ奖硎厩敢饣騼?nèi)疚，然后說(shuō)明原因并提出補(bǔ)救的辦法。（2）范例My dear Mr. Anderson, I regret very much that I have lost your telephone number you left me last time. Thus I have not been able to call you directly about Michaels wedding ceremony. So I have to write you and to inform you that his wedding will b

4、e held on Friday, February 15. If you decide to come to his wedding, please let me know as soon as possible and also tell me your phone number again. Truly yours, Li Guangping第5頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。感謝信（1）寫作要領(lǐng)一般開頭表達(dá)謝意，提及受到的幫助；在正文中具體敘述得到的幫助，然后高度評(píng)價(jià)或贊揚(yáng)對(duì)方，表達(dá)當(dāng)時(shí)的心情感受；結(jié)尾再次表達(dá)謝意，提出回報(bào)希望。（2） 感謝信 常用句型Again, I would like to ex

5、press our warm thanks to you.But for your help, I would not.I am grateful/thankful to you for.I am much obliged to you for your help.I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.第6頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。I hope you can know how much I appreciate your hospitali

6、ty and your many kindnesses to me. I shall always appreciate the assistance you have given me.I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that.It was most thoughtful and generous of you to send me such a beautifu

7、l and fancy gift.Its very kind of you to help us.Thanks from the bottom of my heart for.第7頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。范文Dear Professor Smith, Thank you very much for the great favor you did for me. I am glad to tell you that by your persuasive recommendation, Ive obtained the position I applied here in the Intel Company

8、. I shall exert my best efforts in performing any duties. Ill try to be worthy of your kindness and assistance.My best regards. Respectfully yours, Li Ping 第8頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。書信寫作技巧1.明確試題要求：試題在字?jǐn)?shù)、話題、情景和作者身份等方面提出要求?？忌鷳?yīng)認(rèn)真讀，積極構(gòu)思，確定文章所要表現(xiàn)的主題。2確定讀者：要求在寫作之前明確讀者身份，根據(jù)情景，根據(jù)自己與虛擬讀者的關(guān)系確定文章的語(yǔ)氣和措辭。3注意格式：多以信函為主。因此應(yīng)熟悉信函格式。主

9、要是信頭、稱呼、結(jié)尾。4用詞得當(dāng)、語(yǔ)法準(zhǔn)確、標(biāo)點(diǎn)拼寫無(wú)誤。寫作完畢要認(rèn)真檢查，避免有關(guān)語(yǔ)法、拼寫和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的錯(cuò)誤。第9頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。2、通知通知是上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)、組織對(duì)成員或平行單位之間部署工作、傳達(dá)事情或召開會(huì)議等所使用的應(yīng)用文。通知寫法有兩種，一種以布告形式貼出，把事情通知有關(guān)人員，如學(xué)生、觀眾等，通常不用稱呼；另一種以書信的形式，發(fā)給有關(guān)人員，該形式如同普通書信，只須寫明具體內(nèi)容。通知要求言簡(jiǎn)意賅、措辭得當(dāng)、時(shí)間及時(shí)。布告形式通知：上方正中寫Notice或NOTICE，發(fā)出通知的單位的具體名稱可放在正文前，也可放在正文后，右下角處，發(fā)出通知的日期寫在左下角處。書信形式通知格式和一般書信類似。第1

10、0頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。Notice The sports meeting which was to take place this Saturday has to be put off because of the heavy rain these days. All students are required to come to school on Saturday morning as usual, but there will be no class that afternoon. Weather permitting, the sports meeting will be held nex

11、t Saturday morning. Members of the school Ping-Pong team must come to the Ping-Pong Hall at 4:30 this Saturday afternoon. Ping-Pong stars from Wuhan will come and give special training and coaching then. Office of Physical Education 10th April, 2005 第11頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。3、便條便條其實(shí)是簡(jiǎn)化書信。格式和內(nèi)容都比書信簡(jiǎn)單。一般不需要寫發(fā)信人的地址，因

12、為彼此都比較熟悉。所以，對(duì)收件人的稱呼語(yǔ)也比較自由，語(yǔ)言更接近口語(yǔ)。結(jié)尾落款和客套話也常常省略。第12頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。B 短文寫作 根據(jù)所給情景，寫出一篇不少于120字的文章。情景主要是圖表、數(shù)據(jù)或圖畫?？荚囍?，最多出現(xiàn)的是圖表寫作與圖畫寫作兩種。圖表寫作往往是用數(shù)據(jù)或比例來(lái)表示相關(guān)因素的相互關(guān)系和變化規(guī)律，從而說(shuō)明一定的道理。常見的圖表有：表格、扇形圖、線性圖、條形圖和柱形圖。第13頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。圖表、圖畫寫作技巧1仔細(xì)看圖，全面領(lǐng)會(huì)圖表中的信息。2根據(jù)題目的要求，認(rèn)真分析圖表中的信息，構(gòu)思文章的整體布局。3嚴(yán)格按照題目要求寫作。4引用圖標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)要有針對(duì)性；理解圖畫中的主題、梗概。5. 要寫好圖

13、表作文，應(yīng)該熟悉圖表寫作的常用句型，這樣既能節(jié)約時(shí)間，又可以使文章顯得較專業(yè)。第14頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。As is described in the picture.這幅圖描述了The purpose of the picture is to show us that.這幅圖的目的是為了給我們展示W(wǎng)e can deduce form this picture that.從這幅圖中我們可以推斷The picture indicates / conveys the meaning that這幅圖指出/傳達(dá)More and more people have come to realize.越來(lái)越多的人已經(jīng)

14、意識(shí)到Now it is commonly held that. but I doubt whether.現(xiàn)在大家都普遍認(rèn)為，但我懷疑As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relationship between. and .從圖中我們可以清楚的看到和的關(guān)系。第15頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。?？甲魑牧信e（一）給你的朋友Jeny寫一封邀請(qǐng)信，邀請(qǐng)她于6月25日晚八點(diǎn)和你一起去北京音樂(lè)廳聽圣誕音樂(lè)會(huì)。審題概述這是一封個(gè)人邀請(qǐng)信。寫的時(shí)候注意邀請(qǐng)意圖是去聽音樂(lè)會(huì)，并說(shuō)明時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)。信中要表達(dá)非常希望對(duì)方能夠一起去。注意以下詞匯：圣誕音樂(lè)會(huì) Chri

15、stmas concert。范文 June 15Dear Jeny, I have two tickets for a famous Christmas concert at Beijing Concert Hall on Friday, June 25. I heard it was a wonderful concert and I made great effort to get the ticket. Will you join me? Ill be waiting for you at eight sharp Friday night in front of the concert

16、hall, so dont disappoint me! Warmest regards， Alice第16頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。（二）請(qǐng)代Joson教授給美國(guó)文化研究委員會(huì)的張青寫一封回信，信中感謝委員會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)，并愿意接受邀請(qǐng)參加論壇。他將于6月25日到達(dá)北京。審題概述這是一封回函，是對(duì)上一封信函的回復(fù)。首先要注意格式，另外注意內(nèi)容表達(dá)，首先感謝人家邀請(qǐng)，再明確表示接受邀請(qǐng)。最后表達(dá)一種渴望來(lái)的心情。范文 June14,2010Dear Mr. Zhang, Thank you very much for your kind invitation. It is with greatest pleas

17、ure that I accept your invitation to attend the American Culture Forum on June 28 at Beijing International Convention Center. I am expected to arrive in Beijing on June 25. I look forward very much to seeing you and other participants. Sincerely yours， Joson第17頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。（三）招聘廣告 The following is a job v

18、acancy advertisement written in Chinese. You are required to make an English version of it.CIS顧問(wèn)有限公司是一家知名的咨詢公司，現(xiàn)尋覓精英人才擔(dān)任北京地區(qū)銷售經(jīng)理。條件：北京公民，年齡25-35 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)或者相關(guān)領(lǐng)域?qū)W士學(xué)位具有至少5年的銷售管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)具有良好的英語(yǔ)能力熟悉電腦技術(shù)優(yōu)秀的人際關(guān)系和表達(dá)能力有意者請(qǐng)將簡(jiǎn)歷寄往北京市海淀區(qū)XXX大街10號(hào)100021 審題概述這是一則招聘廣告，因此廣告的語(yǔ)言要注意寫得簡(jiǎn)單明了，能夠足夠引起看的人的注意力即可。（學(xué)士學(xué)位 Bachelor degree;相關(guān)領(lǐng)域

19、 related fields;表達(dá)能力 presentation skills）第18頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。范文 CIS Consultant Co. Ltd., a famous consultant company is now seeking qualified candidates for the Sales Manager in Beijing Area.Qualifications: Beijing citizen and age between 25-35 Bachelor degree in economics or other related fields With at leas

20、t 5 years of sales management experience Good command of English Familiar with computer skills Excellent interpersonal and presentation skillsInterested applicant please forward resume to 10 XXX Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100021第19頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。經(jīng)典句型一、the + est + 名詞 + (that) + 主詞 + have ever + seen (

21、 known/heard/had/read, etc例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海倫是我所看過(guò)最美麗的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 張老師是我曾經(jīng)遇到最仁慈的教師。二、Nothing is + er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容詞 + than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 沒(méi)有比接受

22、教育更重要的事。第20頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。三、 cannot emphasize the importance of too much.（再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào).的重要性也不為過(guò)。） 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我們?cè)僭趺磸?qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過(guò)。四、There is no doubt that + 句子 （毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的.） 例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的我

23、們的教育制度令人不滿意。五、The reason why + 句子 is that + 句子 （.的原因是.） 例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應(yīng)我們新鮮的空氣。 第21頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。六.On no account can we + V （我們絕對(duì)不能.）例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我們絕對(duì)不能忽略知識(shí)的價(jià)值。 七、It is conceivable th

24、at + 句子 （可想而知的） It is obvious that + 句子 （明顯的） It is apparent that + 句子 （顯然的） 例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life. 可想而知，知識(shí)在我們的一生中扮演一個(gè)重要的角色。 第22頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。 作文評(píng)判PRETCO寫作話題、觀點(diǎn)和字?jǐn)?shù)都有嚴(yán)格限制。因此，考生應(yīng)該把構(gòu)思的時(shí)間減到最少，把主要精力放在推敲語(yǔ)言上，力爭(zhēng)將語(yǔ)法、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)等低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤降至最低，力求用詞用句準(zhǔn)確恰當(dāng)，表達(dá)地道。這樣可以保證穩(wěn)得及格分?jǐn)?shù)。切記作文不是

25、口語(yǔ)，語(yǔ)言永遠(yuǎn)第一，它決定了得分高下。第23頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。評(píng)判方面1、基本正確最大問(wèn)題不是寫得太簡(jiǎn)單，而是嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤太多。基礎(chǔ)一般的同學(xué)即使使用小學(xué)或中學(xué)詞匯和句型，只要使用得基本正確，也可以得到及格分?jǐn)?shù)?？忌畛７傅恼Z(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤有三類：語(yǔ)法、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)。最常犯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤包括：時(shí)態(tài)、冠詞、主謂一致、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)等。2、豐富多變基礎(chǔ)較好的同學(xué)，要想取得寫作高分，應(yīng)做到豐富多變。這體現(xiàn)在詞匯和句型兩方面。同一詞語(yǔ)在一句話、一個(gè)段落乃至一篇文章中最好不要重復(fù)出現(xiàn)句型也應(yīng)富于變化，不要拘泥于主謂賓句型，可以使用主系表、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等多種句型。全文應(yīng)有一定數(shù)量的長(zhǎng)句，一般1520詞即可，但不必太多。第24頁(yè)，共26頁(yè)。小測(cè)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing. You are required to write a bu