英漢漢英視譯教程下篇漢譯英第十六單元“有”字句視譯精選課件

1、第16單元 “有”字句視譯英漢漢英視譯教程下篇 漢譯英第1頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 “有”字句式是漢語里十分常見的句式，形式多樣，用法靈活，口頭和書面語均常用。漢語里“有”字既可以表達時間和空間的存在、量度總計，也可以表述所有權(quán)，無主句式。“有”字句式的多樣性和靈活性對視譯人員構(gòu)成了很大的思維轉(zhuǎn)換難度，譯員需要對漢語具備十分透徹的理解和熟練運用技能才可駕輕就熟。實踐證明，對于類似“有”字句等典型漢語句式的嫻熟把握需要深厚的積累和大量的實踐，即使是漢語為母語的譯員在對“有”字句的理解和視譯轉(zhuǎn)換過程中也是面臨比較大的挑戰(zhàn)。只有經(jīng)過長期的刻苦訓(xùn)練，方能嫻熟掌握“有”字句視譯技巧。第2

2、頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （要點梳理）漢語里“有”字既可以表達時間和空間的存在、量度總計，也可以表述所有權(quán)，無主句式“有”字句式的多樣性和靈活性對視譯人員構(gòu)成了很大的思維轉(zhuǎn)換難度第3頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例句）1.這家公司有1 500 萬美元的注冊資金，主營進出口和一系列的數(shù)碼產(chǎn)品。【筆譯】【視譯】This company has a registered capital of 15 million US dollars and specializes in import and export and a great variety of digital

3、products.This company registers a capital of 15 million US dollars and specializes in import and export and a great variety of digital products.第4頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例句）譯評視譯版本動詞register 的用法更符合英語常見思維習(xí)慣，感覺更自然、簡潔。該句也可譯成“The companys registered capital is 15 million US dollars, and it specializes in i

4、mport and export and a great variety of digital products.”漢語的“有”可與英語的多重意思相對應(yīng)，因此英語的表達形式便更多樣化。第5頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例句）2.有研究表明，玩電子游戲產(chǎn)生的負面影響和觀看暴力電視節(jié)目產(chǎn)生的影響有些類似。【筆譯】 【視譯】Research shows that playing video games has somewhat similar effects to observing violent television content.Researchers suggest that

5、 playing video games produces somewhat similar effects to observing violent television content.第6頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例句）譯評筆譯版本也較為常見，但不如視譯版本生動，且更加符合英語的動作關(guān)系邏輯習(xí)慣?！坝醒芯勘砻鳌笔菨h語的特有表達方式，再如“有人認為”、“有報告說”等，比較簡單的視譯辦法就是將其主語化，與后面的內(nèi)容連接起來。第7頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例句）3.自從澳大利亞北領(lǐng)地成為世界上第一個將自愿安樂死合法化的地方以來已有16個月了?！竟P譯】 【視譯

6、】It has been 16 months Australias Northern Territory became the first place in the world to legalize voluntary euthanasia.Sixteen months has passed since Australias Northern Territory became the first place in the world to legalize voluntary euthanasia.第8頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例句）譯評在時間前面加上“有”字是漢語的表達習(xí)

7、慣，有時表達持續(xù)的時間量，有時表達具體的時間點。坦率地說，中文版本本來就有英語譯文之嫌。筆譯版本很常見，但是視譯版本更具有動感，為后續(xù)內(nèi)容銜接起到更好的鋪墊作用。第9頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例句）4.中國是一個有13 億人口的發(fā)展中國家，我們必須保持經(jīng)濟有一定的發(fā)展速度來解決就業(yè)的壓力?！竟P譯】【視譯】China is a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion. We must ensure that our economy continues to grow at a proper speed in ord

8、er to ease the pressure on employment.As China is a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion, we must ensure that our economy continues to grow at a proper speed in order to ease the pressure on employment.第10頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例句）譯評此句“有”字表達一種存在關(guān)系，可將此句譯成因果句：“Since China is a developing

9、 country with a population of 1.3 billion, we must”，此句也可譯成因果句，使得上下文更連貫，邏輯關(guān)系更加明確。第11頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例句）5. 該國南部有數(shù)千家工廠倒閉，引發(fā)人們對失業(yè)率上升會導(dǎo)致社會不穩(wěn)定的擔(dān)憂?！竟P譯】 【視譯】Thousands of factories have closed in the southern part of the country, triggering concerns that rising unemployment will cause social unrest.Tho

10、usands of factories have closed in southern part of the country, which triggers concerns that rising unemployment will cause social unrest.第12頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例句）譯評現(xiàn)在分詞triggering 在筆譯版本里的使用十分貼切，但是作為伴隨情況狀語的現(xiàn)在分詞很少在口譯里使用。只要情況允許，口譯文本的形式大多體現(xiàn)為口語語體，這是“口耳”交流模式的特性所決定的。第13頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段）1.中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展

11、的外部環(huán)境沒有根本改變，求和平、謀發(fā)展、促合作是當(dāng)今世界發(fā)展不可阻擋的潮流，國際分工格局調(diào)整中蘊藏著新的機遇。我們完全有信心、有條件、有能力繼續(xù)保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，繼續(xù)為世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展作出積極貢獻。第14頁，共49頁。1.中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的外部環(huán)境沒有根本改變， 求和平、謀發(fā)展、促合作是當(dāng)今世界發(fā)展不可阻擋的潮流， 國際分工格局調(diào)整中蘊藏著新的機遇。 No fundamental change has taken place in the external environment for Chinas economic growth.The pursuit of peace, developmen

12、t and cooperation is the irreversible trend in todays world.The readjustment to the international division of labor offers new opportunities.第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段） 第15頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段） 我們完全有信心、有條件、有能力繼續(xù)保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展， 繼續(xù)為世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展作出積極貢獻。 We have the confidence, conditions and ability to maintain steady

13、 and fast economic growth and continue to contribute to world economic growth.第16頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段） 【筆譯】There is no fundamental change in the external environment for Chinas economic growth. The pursuit of peace, development and cooperation is the irreversible trend in todays world. The readj

14、ustment to the international division of labor offers new opportunities. We have the confidence, conditions and ability to maintain steady and fast economic growth and continue to contribute to world economic growth.第17頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段） 【視譯】No fundamental change has taken place in the extern

15、al environment for Chinas economic growth. The pursuit of peace, development and cooperation is the irreversible trend in todays world. The readjustment to the international division of labor offers new opportunities. We have the confidence, conditions and ability to maintain steady and fast economi

16、c growth and continue to contribute to world economic growth.第18頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段）譯評原文第一句的核心內(nèi)容是“沒有根本改變”，根據(jù)英語的表達習(xí)慣，如果可能，應(yīng)該將核心內(nèi)容作為主語，視譯版本更加體現(xiàn)了這個原則，而且由于動詞的運用句子更具表現(xiàn)力。第二部分連續(xù)使用的“有”包含“擁有”之意，與英語的意境直接對應(yīng)即可。但是視譯或其他形式的口譯時，有時為了兼顧英文的表達習(xí)慣，在此進行形容詞化處理，即可譯成“we are fully confident,well conditioned and very able

17、 to”。第19頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段）2.本屆年會意義特殊，在歷史罕見的國際金融危機之中，各國政要聚集在這里，共同探討維護國際金融穩(wěn)定，具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。各方面熱切期盼從這里聽到富有智慧的聲音，凝聚戰(zhàn)勝危機的力量。我們有責(zé)任向世界傳遞信心、勇氣和希望。第20頁，共49頁。2.本屆年會意義特殊， 在歷史罕見的國際金融危機之中， 各國政要聚集在這里，共同探討維護國際金融穩(wěn)定，具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 The significance of this annual is exceptional.In the middle of a global financial cris

18、is rarely seen in history, it is of great immediate importance to bring together government leaders to jointly explore ways to maintain international financial stability.第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段）第21頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段）各方面熱切期盼從這里聽到富有智慧的聲音，凝聚戰(zhàn)勝危機的力量。我們有責(zé)任向世界傳遞信心、勇氣和希望。People from across the world are ea

19、ger to hear words of wisdom from here that will give them strength to tide over the crisis. It is thus our responsibility to send to the world a message of confidence, courage and hope.第22頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段）【筆譯】This annual meeting has a special significance. Amidst a global financial crisis ra

20、rely seen in history, it is meaningful to bring together government leaders to jointly explore ways to maintain international financial stability. People from across the world are eager to hear words of wisdom from here that will give them strength to tide over the crisis. It is thus our responsibil

21、ity to send to the world a message of confidence, courage and hope.第23頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例段）【視譯】The significance of this annual is exceptional. In the middle of a global financial crisis rarely seen in history, it is of great immediate importance to bring together government leaders to jointly ex

22、plore ways to maintain international financial stability. People from across the world are eager to hear words of wisdom from here that will give them strength to tide over the crisis. It is thus our responsibility to send to the world a message of confidence, courage and hope.第24頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視

23、譯 （例段）譯評“具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義”的視譯版本翻譯更準(zhǔn)確、地道。“有責(zé)任向世界傳遞”也可譯成“we cannot evade the responsibility to ”，以起到加強語氣的作用。第25頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例篇） 中華人民共和國成立以來，特別是改革開放30 多年來，中國這個古老的東方大國發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。國家經(jīng)濟實力和綜合國力大為增強，中國對自己通過艱苦奮斗而取得的成就感到自豪。同時，我們對今天中國在世界上的位置和作用，也有著清醒的認識。 中國國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值位居世界第三，但人均水平較低，只有發(fā)達國家的十分之一左右。中西部和廣大農(nóng)村的不少地方仍然相當(dāng)落

24、后，還有1.5 億人口生活在聯(lián)合國設(shè)定的貧困線之下。中國民生有了很大改善，但社會保障體系不健全，就業(yè)壓力很大。 中國現(xiàn)代化走到今天，先進落后并存，新舊矛盾交織，面臨諸多前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)。中國仍然處于社會主義初級階段，仍然屬于發(fā)展中國家。這就是我們的基本國情，這就是一個真實的中國。第26頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例篇）【視譯】 Since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China, and especially since the start of reform and opening up more than 30 years

25、ago, profound changes have taken place in China, a big, ancient country in the East. Its economic and overall national strength has substantially increased. We in China are proud of our achievements accomplished through strenuous efforts. At the same time, we are clear-headed about our place and rol

26、e in todays world. Chinas GDP is the third largest in the world, but in per capita terms, it is only one-tenth of that of developed countries. Many places in the central and western regions and the vast rural areas are still rather backward, and we have 150 million people living below the poverty li

27、ne set by the United Nations. The Chinese peoples livelihood has made significant improvement, but we do not yet have a full-fledged social security system, and we are confronted with high employment pressure. China, which has come a long way in modernization, is fairly advanced in some areas of dev

28、elopment but remains backward in others. And it faces unprecedented challenges brought by problems both old and new. Taken as a whole, China is still in the primary stage of socialism and remains a developing country. These are our basic national conditions. This is the real China.第27頁，共49頁。 中華人民共和國

29、成立以來， 特別是改革開放30 多年來， 中國這個古老的東方大國發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。 Since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China, and especially since the start of reform and opening up more than 30 years ago, profound changes have taken place in China, a big, ancient country in the East. 第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例篇詳解）第28頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯

30、 （例篇詳解）國家經(jīng)濟實力和綜合國力大為增強， 中國對自己通過艱苦奮斗而取得的成就感到自豪。 同時，我們對今天中國在世界上的位置和作用，也有著清醒的認識。 Its economic and overall national strength has substantially increased. We in China are proud of our achievements accomplished through strenuous efforts. At the same time, we are clear-headed about our place and role in to

31、days world.第29頁，共49頁。 中國國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值位居世界第三， 但人均水平較低，只有發(fā)達國家的十分之一左右。 中西部和廣大農(nóng)村的不少地方仍然相當(dāng)落后， 還有1.5 億人口生活在聯(lián)合國設(shè)定的貧困線之下。 Chinas GDP is the third largest in the world, but in per capita terms, it is only one-tenth of that of developed countries. Many places in the central and western regions and the vast rural are

32、as are still rather backward, and we have 150 million people living below the poverty line set by the United Nations. 第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例篇詳解）第30頁，共49頁。中國民生有了很大改善， 但社會保障體系不健全， 就業(yè)壓力很大。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例篇詳解）The Chinese peoples livelihood has made significant improvement, but we do not yet have a full-fledge

33、d social security system, and we are confronted with high employment pressure. 第31頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例篇詳解） 中國現(xiàn)代化走到今天，先進落后并存，新舊矛盾交織， 面臨諸多前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)。 China, which has come a long way in modernization, is fairly advanced in some areas of development but remains backward in others. And it faces unpreced

34、ented challenges brought by problems both old and new. 第32頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例篇詳解）中國仍然處于社會主義初級階段， 仍然屬于發(fā)展中國家。 這就是我們的基本國情， 這就是一個真實的中國。Taken as a whole, China is still in the primary stage of socialism and remains a developing country. These are our basic national conditions. This is the real China.

35、第33頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （例篇）譯評 “也有著清醒的認識”部分的翻譯是典型的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，原文名詞在譯文里變成了形容詞，既得體又順暢?！爸挥邪l(fā)達國家的十分之一”此處是“僅有”之意。“還有1.5 億人口”此處為轉(zhuǎn)折之意。“有了很大改善”的中英文基本邏輯方式是一樣的，但是中文是靜態(tài)表述，而英語是動態(tài)表述。此句還可譯成“has improved significantly”。第34頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語句）（1）我主持的第一個節(jié)目就是個全國性在黃金時段播出的節(jié)目，每周有兩億觀眾觀看這個節(jié)目。（2）日經(jīng)商業(yè)日報去年的一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，20 多歲的日本男

36、性中只有25%想擁有一輛汽車，低于2000 年的48%。（3）只要真正意識到吸煙有百害而無一利，于人于己都是一種禍害，就有可能下決心擺脫煙草的誘惑。（4）有一群人數(shù)不多但固執(zhí)己見的批評者，還是不信這一套，這些人中有很多人受到石油業(yè)和煤礦業(yè)的支持。（5）中國是一個有著數(shù)千年文明史的東方大國，對人類發(fā)展作出過重大貢獻。第35頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：參考答案）(1) And the first show I hosted was a prime-time nation-wide show, which had an audience of 200 million eve

37、ry week.(2) A survey last year by the Business Daily Nikkei found that only 25 percent of Japanese men in their 20s wanted a car, down from 48 percent in 2000.(3) When one realizes that smoking is harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse to others as well as to he himself

38、, he will be determined to resist the temptation of tobacco.第36頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：參考答案）(4) A small but persistent group of critics, many of them supported by the oil and coal industries, still dont buy it.(5) China is a big Oriental country with a civilization stretching back several thousan

39、d years. It has made significant contributions to the progress of humanity.第37頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語段）（1）說起上海老城，總會讓人和古老傳統(tǒng)的東西聯(lián)系起來，比如明代的豫園和清代的城隍廟。上海建城有700 多年歷史，但最具有人文發(fā)展歷史的時期是開埠后的150 年間，諸如華洋雜居、石庫門、老字號等，都發(fā)生在開埠后的上海。第38頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語段）（2）中國30 年的變化，得益于改革開放。只有堅持改革開放，堅定不移地走有中國特色社會主義道路，國家才

40、有光明的前途。從這個意義上說，改革開放一定要貫穿于中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的全過程。第39頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：參考答案）(1) The old town of Shanghai is always associated with something ancient and traditional, like the Yu Yuan Garden in the Ming Dynasty and Chenghuangmiao (the Town Gods Temple or the City God Temple) in the Qing Dynasty. Despite

41、a history of more than 700 years, the 150 years since it opened to foreign traders has witnessed the greatest humane development in Shanghai. In that period we have seen a Shanghai co-inhabited by Chinese locals and foreign nationals, the formation of the Shanghai Painting School, the building of Sh

42、ikumen (stone-framed gate) houses, the development of time-honored firms or shops, and so on and so forth.第40頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：參考答案）(2) Chinas changes over the past three decades would not have been possible without reform and opening-up. Only by continuing reform and opening-up and unswerv

43、ingly following the path of socialism with distinctive Chinese features can China have a bright future. Reform and opening-up must be carried on through the entire process of Chinas modernization drive.第41頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇）（1）1921 年，在馬克思列寧主義同中國工人運動相結(jié)合的進程中，中國共產(chǎn)黨應(yīng)運而生。中國共產(chǎn)黨的誕生，是近現(xiàn)代中國歷史發(fā)展的必然

44、產(chǎn)物，是中國人民在救亡圖存斗爭中頑強求索的必然產(chǎn)物。從此，中國革命有了正確前進方向，中國人民有了強大精神力量，中國命運有了光明發(fā)展前景。 這三件大事，從根本上改變了中國人民和中華民族的前途命運，不可逆轉(zhuǎn)地結(jié)束了近代以后中國內(nèi)憂外患、積貧積弱的悲慘命運，不可逆轉(zhuǎn)地開啟了中華民族不斷發(fā)展壯大、走向偉大復(fù)興的歷史進軍，使具有5 000 多年文明歷史的中國面貌煥然一新，中華民族偉大復(fù)興展現(xiàn)出前所未有的光明前景。第42頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇）（2）我自擔(dān)任中國商務(wù)部長以來，訪問美國多次，但正式率團來訪，這還是第一次。 這次訪問既為凝聚共識、謀求合作而來，也為建立新關(guān)系

45、、開創(chuàng)新局面而來。大家知道，我的老朋友和新同行駱家輝先生剛剛當(dāng)上新一屆聯(lián)邦政府的商務(wù)部長。中國俗話說“新官上任三把火”。我很想聽聽這位“新官”以及同樣是“新官”的美國貿(mào)易代表柯克先生對中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系有什么新的打算和建議，也把我們的一些新想法和他們作個交流。 今年下午我將拜會美國國家經(jīng)濟委員會主任薩默斯先生，出席中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作論壇并發(fā)表演講，今晚還將和美國商會的朋友見面。第43頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇） 我在華盛頓的日程只有兩天，活動排得滿滿的。但是，和美中貿(mào)委的各位朋友們見面是必不可少的，因為，你們大家都是我們的好朋友，你們大家都為發(fā)展中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系做出了很多貢獻。

46、在這里，我首先代表中國商務(wù)部，對美中貿(mào)委會多年來作出的貢獻表示衷心的感謝！ 朋友們，上個月，胡錦濤主席和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在倫敦金融峰會上就達成了一系列共識。其中最重要的一點，是要共同推動建設(shè)21 世紀(jì)積極合作全面的中美關(guān)系。 這是一個非常令人振奮的共識。它為新時期中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系發(fā)展指明了方向，那就是：積極、合作、全面。第44頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：參考答案）(1) In 1921, the CPC was born in the process of integrating Marxism-Leninism with the Chinese workers movemen

47、t. The birth of the CPC was a natural product of the development of modern and contemporary Chinese history as well as the indomitable exploration of the Chinese people for survival of the nation. The birth of the CPC put the Chinese revolution on the right course, gave the Chinese people a powerful

48、 motivation and created bright prospects for Chinas future development.第45頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：參考答案） These three major events reshaped the future and destiny of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation. They irreversibly ended the misery endured by China in modern times when it suffered from

49、both domestic turmoil and foreign invasion and was poor and weak. They also irreversibly started the Chinese nations historic march for development, growth, and great rejuvenation. They gave China, a civilization of over 5,000 years, a completely new look and created unimagined prospects for the gre

50、at rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.第46頁，共49頁。第16單元 “有”字句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：參考答案）(2) Good morning. I am delighted to meet with both old and new friends here. We are here not just to seek convergence and cooperation, but also to establish a new relationship and open a new chapter. As we all know, my old friend, as well as new co