人教版（湖南專用）高中英語 Unit1 SectionⅢ Word power,Grammar and usage精品課件 牛津譯林必修2

1、Section Word power, Grammar and usage1Words and Phrases1._ (adj.) 熱情的，熱烈的2. _ (n.&vt.) 基地；以為基礎(chǔ)3_ (vi.) 存在4_ foot 踏上自學(xué)導(dǎo)引新知初探enthusiasticbaseexistset2語法精講專項(xiàng)突破品味語法3一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成與用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞have/has動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。有“已完成”與“未完成”兩種意義。講解歸納4(1)“已完成”意義表示剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作或已經(jīng)結(jié)束的過去動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，側(cè)重該動(dòng)作不再繼續(xù)延續(xù)。He has turned off

2、 the light. 他已把燈關(guān)了。5(2)“未完成”意義表示過去的某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)下去，句中只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。He has lived here since 1995. 自從1995年以來，他一直住在這兒。62. 常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語意義時(shí)間狀語“已完成”表示一段時(shí)間的狀語，如for five years, since 2008等與現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻相連的時(shí)間狀語，如up to now, so far等“未完成”表示不定的過去時(shí)間狀語，如already, yet, before, recently, just等頻度時(shí)間狀語，如never, ever, once等包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻

3、在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語，如this morning/month/year., today等7二、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞have/hasbeen動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。顧名思義，它是由完成時(shí)和進(jìn)行時(shí)兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)合并而成的，因此它有完成時(shí)與進(jìn)行時(shí)兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的特點(diǎn)，即“完成”和“進(jìn)行”兩種意義。81. “現(xiàn)在完成”意義表示從過去某時(shí)刻開始一直延續(xù)到說話時(shí)刻剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，但該動(dòng)作在某方面與現(xiàn)在仍然有聯(lián)系。9The rain stops, and we can go out now. 雨停了，現(xiàn)在我們可以出去了。Great. It has rained for three hours.太好了，已經(jīng)下了

4、三個(gè)小時(shí)了。102. “進(jìn)行”意義表示過去的某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還要繼續(xù)下去。I have been waiting for my mothers letter.我一直在等我母親的來信。11三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)動(dòng)作的“完成性”可表示反復(fù)發(fā)生或剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作表示持續(xù)的、不間斷的動(dòng)作，側(cè)重延續(xù)性謂語動(dòng)詞的種類可用狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可用動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞12.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1We _ (be) there three times already.2He _ (be) out for an hour.3The aliens say they co

5、me from Zeton and _ (travel) for 2 years.專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練have beenhas beenhave been traveling134How many times _ you _ (swim) in the sea?5They _ (tour) in Paris for two weeks. They are going back home next week.6Jim _ (read) a book about the Loch Ness Monster this morning and hell get through soon.haveswumhave

6、been touringhas been reading147They _ (visit) this national park twice this month.8I _ (not be) so delighted since I _ (enjoy) myself last time.9Will someone go and get Dr. White?He _ already _ (send) for.10When _ you _ (see) him last night?have visitedhave not beenenjoyedhasbeen sentdidsee15.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.

7、 David has been in our class for more than one year.David _ our class more than one year _.2The student said, “The play began 20 minutes ago.”The student said, “The play _ for 20 minutes.”came toagohas been on163My cousin left his hometown after he came back from England.My cousin _ from his hometow

8、n since he came back from England.4She married Jerry three months ago.She _ to Jerry for three months.has been awayhas been married175The wellknown basketball player has been dead for several years.The wellknown basketball player _ several years _. diedago18.單項(xiàng)填空1. I _ so hard recently that I _ any

9、time for collecting new stamps.OK, Ill ring you up if I have any news.Ahave worked；hadntBhave been working；havent hadCam working；haventDhave been working；hadnt had19解析：選B。前面一空表示work這個(gè)動(dòng)作一直在持續(xù)，而且還有可能繼續(xù)下去，后面一空表示最近一直沒有時(shí)間，用have的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。202Sorry, Im late.Thats OK. I_ long.Aarent waitingBdont waitChavent bee

10、n waitingDdidnt wait21解析：選C。本題指的是wait這個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，其他三個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)不能表示該意義。223You dont need to describe her. I _ her several times.Ahad metBhave met Cmet Dmeet解析：選B。首先本題后句強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。234Im sorry to keep you waiting.Oh, not at all. I _ here on

11、ly a few minutes.Ahave been Bhad beenCwas Dwill be解析：選A。等待的動(dòng)作由過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。245Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?No, but we _ to get in touch with them ever since.Ahave tried Bhave been tryingChad tried Dhad been trying解析：選B。因?yàn)閑ver since是“自那以后(直到現(xiàn)在)”之意，常與完成時(shí)連用，又根據(jù)but可知，現(xiàn)

12、在也還在設(shè)法與他們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系，所以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。256Havent you graduated from college?Yes. I _ French for two years there.Astudy BstudiedCwas studying Dhave studied解析：選B。從yes來看，已經(jīng)畢業(yè)了，所以就不在大學(xué)了，那么學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)動(dòng)作沒有延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，所以不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),要用過去時(shí)態(tài),表示過去曾經(jīng)延續(xù)過一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作。267Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work?Yes, thats why I _ to work by train.Aha

13、ve gone Bhave been goingCwas going Dwill have gone解析：選B。本句表達(dá)的意思是：這就是我最近一直乘火車上班的原因，強(qiáng)調(diào)這一階段一直延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。278Who _ my dictionary?I dont know. It _ on your desk.Atook；had been Bhas taken；wasChas taken；has been Dtook；was解析：選B。從對(duì)話的語境來看，字典明顯不在桌子上，不在的原因是take這個(gè)發(fā)生在過去動(dòng)作所造成的影響，所以第一空用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);那么下文的答語應(yīng)該表示：它原來是在桌子

14、上的，為說話之前的狀態(tài)，用一般過去時(shí)。289Sorry. I _ to post the letter for you.Not at all. I _ it myself.Aforgot；will postBhave forgotten；will postCforgot；am going to postDhad forgotten；am going to post29解析：選B。對(duì)話的時(shí)候想起把寄信這件事情忘了，表示此時(shí)的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；這時(shí)再去寄，是臨時(shí)決定要做的事情，要用單純的將來，即will do，而不能用be going to的將來，因?yàn)閎e going to的將來表示原先打算好的。3010(2011高考天津卷)In the last few years thousand