高考英語一二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題13議論文體類閱讀理解解析版

1、專題13議論文體類閱讀理解（解析版）議論文是英語中的重要文體，在每年的高考閱讀理解中占有一定的比例。議論文就是說理性的文章, 般由論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證過程組成。議論文體類L議論文特點(diǎn)分析2.能力培養(yǎng)、解題策略.議論文特點(diǎn)分析議論文都要提出論題、觀點(diǎn)、提供充分的證據(jù)，使用一定的邏輯方法證明觀點(diǎn)或得出結(jié)論。議論文的 寫法通常有以下三種形式:寫法一：正方（甲方），反方（乙方），我認(rèn)為寫法二：提出問題，分析問題，解決問題。寫法三：論點(diǎn)，理由（證據(jù)），重申論點(diǎn)。議論文的內(nèi)容涵蓋文化、歷史、文學(xué)、科學(xué)和教育等各個(gè)方面。在這類體裁的文章中把握好論點(diǎn)、論 據(jù)和論證很重要。此類體裁的文章中有關(guān)主旨大意和推理判斷的題

2、目會(huì)較多，這也是得分比較難的題型。在閱讀這類文章的時(shí)候，我們要認(rèn)真把握作者的態(tài)度，領(lǐng)悟弦外之音，從而更好地依據(jù)文章的事實(shí)做出合 理的推斷。.能力培養(yǎng).避免讀得太快，做題靠印象和直覺。（要求每一道題回到原文去找答案 ）.要先看題目，后讀文章。（與先讀文章，后看題目的比較 ）高考材料閱讀方法：先通讀全文，重點(diǎn)讀首段、各段的段首段尾句，然后其他部分可以略讀，再審題 定位，比較選項(xiàng)，選出答案。要有把握文章的宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)、中心句的能力。.閱讀中需要特別注意并做記號(hào)的有：標(biāo)志類、指示類的信息。表示并列關(guān)系：and, also, coupled with等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系： but, yet, however,

3、by contrast 等；表示因果關(guān)系：therefore, thereby, consequently, as a result 等；表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：in addition to, even, what s more, furthermore表示重要性的詞：prime, above all, first等。以上關(guān)鍵詞有助于我們對(duì)文章邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)的把握。（2）具有感情色彩、顯示作者態(tài)度的詞：blind盲目的（貶），excessively過分的（貶），objective（客觀）等。.常見問題：（1）讀不懂怎么？問題本身太空泛，應(yīng)該仔細(xì)分析問題到底在哪兒。首先要能意識(shí)到自身問題所在。unconscio

4、us incompetent （無意識(shí)無能力）屬于問題認(rèn)知的第一階段；conscious incompetent （有意識(shí)無能力）屬于問題認(rèn)知的第二階段；conscious competent （有意識(shí)有能力）屬于問題認(rèn)知的第三階段；unconscious competent （無意識(shí)有能力）屬于問題認(rèn)知的第四階段。從認(rèn)知的第三階段達(dá)到第四階段，是一個(gè)反復(fù)熟練的過程。（2）讀懂了文章之后還做錯(cuò)題怎么辦？（3）做完了一遍不愿意看第二遍怎么辦？（4）做題技巧用不上怎么辦？能夠不由自主地按照正確的思路解題了，才表明我們正確掌握了這些技巧。在課堂聽明白之后，還需要回去自己思考，針對(duì)自己的實(shí)際進(jìn)行分析，

5、從而對(duì)癥下藥。.得分要點(diǎn)解答議論類閱讀理解試題，可以從以下幾個(gè)方面著手考慮：作者在開始敘述一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，然后對(duì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行解釋。這類文章的主題是文中最重要的解釋或作者所強(qiáng)調(diào)的解釋，閱讀時(shí)要注意作者給出的原因，所以又被稱為原因 一結(jié)果（Cause & Effect）型。還有一種比較常見的是問題一答案型，作者在一開始或一段末以問句提出一個(gè)問題（相當(dāng)于一個(gè)現(xiàn)象），然后給出該問題的答案（相當(dāng)于解釋）。針對(duì)文中問題給出的主要答案就是這種文章的中心。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，答題時(shí)優(yōu)先考慮正面答題（直接從文章內(nèi)容得出答案），然后從中心、態(tài)度或利用解答特征等其他角度對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)；如果從文章內(nèi)容中直接無法解決，則從中心和態(tài)度方

6、面考慮；次之，從解 答特征方面考慮?？忌钆麓祟愺w裁。山窮水盡時(shí)，記?。菏紫葟恼w上把握文章中心和作者所持的態(tài)度，靠近中心的 就是答案。.解題方法.把握文章的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。此外，還要把握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和語言。.互推法：在議論之后，總會(huì)再列舉一些具體的例子來支持觀點(diǎn)或在一些例子之后，總要抒發(fā)一些議論。 考生在理解議論時(shí)，可以借助文中所給的實(shí)例，從而在形象的例子中推理出抽象的議論；或從議論中推理 理解具體例子的深刻含義，相互推斷。.推理法：推理的結(jié)論一定是原文有這層意思，但沒有明確表達(dá)的。推理要根據(jù)文章的字面意思，通過語 篇、段落和句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，各個(gè)信息所暗示和隱含的意義，作者的隱含意等

7、對(duì)文章進(jìn)行推理判斷?？忌晌淖值谋韺有畔⑼诰虺鑫恼碌纳顚雍x，要能透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)。一、2021年高考真題1.12021新高考1卷D篇】Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional （情感的） intelligence.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a persons makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ t

8、est, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and people skills. Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a spec

9、ific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessaril

10、y make one a moral person.Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis （重

11、視） on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.Although the continuing

12、popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives （視角） from which to study how people manage their

13、lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.I.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?It can be measured by an IQ test.It helps to exercise a persons mind.C.It includes a set of emotional skills.D. It refers t

14、o a persons positive qualities. Why does the author mention doctor and cheater in paragraph 2?A. To explain a rule.B.To clarify a concept.C.To present a fact.D.To make a prediction.What is the authors attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D

15、. Unclear.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?Its appeal to the public.Expectations for future studies.C.Its practical application.D. Scientists with new perspectives.【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了什么是情商，以及情商普及的優(yōu)勢(shì)，同時(shí)作者提出了對(duì) 情商研究是未來期望?！窘馕觥?.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干信息misunder

16、standing定位到第一段：Many people nowmisunderstand as almost everything desirable in a persons makeup 分析可知， 大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為情商就是構(gòu)成 人性格中幾乎所有可取的部分，而后跟的句子 such as character, motivation, confidence則是作者在列舉一些情商中具體的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)D：它指的是一個(gè)人的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)，是該句的同義替換。故選 Do2.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干信息的 paragraph 2,定位到第二段 We prefer to describe emotional i

17、ntelligence as；分析可知，我們更喜歡把情商稱作是一套特定的技能，它既可以用于好的目的，也可以用于壞的目的。而后作者便分別列舉了doctor和cheater用于解釋說明好目的和壞目的。由此我們可以推測(cè)，作者提及doctor和cheater是為了闡明前句所提到的關(guān)于情商的概念。故選 B。3.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干信息 popularization of emotional intelligence 定位到第三段：Although popular beliefs regarding the-overall effects of the publicity have been m

18、ore beneficial than harmful. 分析可知， 雖然大 眾對(duì)于情商的普遍認(rèn)知遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了目前研究可以支持的觀點(diǎn)，但是宣傳的總體效果（對(duì)于情商的發(fā)展研究） 是利大于弊的。而后作者便進(jìn)一步列舉了好處體現(xiàn)在哪些方面（ the most positive aspect of this popularization ） （；可知，作者對(duì)此態(tài)度是正向的、支持的。故選 A。4B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干信息 last paragraph定位到最后一段It is our hope thatadvances in sciencewill offer new perspectives fro

19、m which to study how people manage their lives. Emotio nal intelligencema y -serve to point us in the right direction.分析可知，我們希望在未來的幾十年里，科學(xué)的進(jìn)步將為研究人們?nèi)绾喂芾碜约旱纳钐峁┮粋€(gè)新的視角。而情商也許會(huì)給我們指明一個(gè)正確的方向。因此可以得知，最后一段作者是在提出對(duì)于未來研究的期待和方向。B項(xiàng)中的Expectations for future studies.符合題意。故選 B。2.12021.6浙江卷B篇】We live in a town with th

20、ree beaches. There are two parks less than 10 minutes walk from home where neighbourhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screenany screen and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Todays children spend an average of four and a half hours a

21、 day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children, thenaged five and

22、three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say chocolate into his three-year-old sons ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself marketing director for Nature. He documented his journey as he s

23、et about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project WildThing , a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network, a group of organisations with the common goalof getting children out into nature.Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference, David Bond

24、 says. There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life. His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now:We just send them out into the garden and tell them no

25、t to come back in for a while.Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play.What is the problem with the authors children?A.They often annoy the neighbours.B.They are tired of doing their homework.C.Th

26、ey have no friends to play with.D.They stay in front of sereens for too long.How did David Bond advocate his idea?A.By making a documentary film.B.By organizing outdoor activities.C.By advertising in London media.D.By creating a network of friends.Which of the following can replace the underlined wo

27、rd charts in paragraph 2?A.records B.predicts C.delays D.confirms.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Let Children Have FunB.Young Children Need More Free TimeC.Market Nature to ChildrenD.David Bond: A Role Model for Children【文章大意】本文作者以自己的孩子為例存在著長(zhǎng)時(shí)間盯著電子屏幕的問題，從而引出了電影導(dǎo)演DavidBond怎樣激勵(lì)自己的孩子們養(yǎng)成戶外活

28、動(dòng)、鍛煉身體的習(xí)慣的做法。.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句However, what my children want to do after school is pick up ascreen any screen and stare at it for hours.可知，作者的孩子們放學(xué)之后只想看電子屏幕，并盯著看好幾 個(gè)小時(shí)，故選D。.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as abrand to be marketed to young people. The

29、result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. 可知，作者記錄了 自 己的旅程，并制作成電影，故選 Ao.A【解析】猜詞題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話句意”結(jié)果是Project Wild Thing , 一部描繪了 Wild Network誕生的電影，Wild Network是一組以讓孩子們?nèi)谌氪笞匀粸楣餐繕?biāo)的組織?？芍?/p>

30、，本句主要闡述作者拍攝的紀(jì)錄片Project Wild Thing記錄下了組織 Wild Network的誕生，因此record （記錄、記載）與所猜詞匯最 為接近，故選Ao.C【解析】主旨大意題。文章首段闡述現(xiàn)狀，即孩子們花太多時(shí)間在電子屏幕上，緊接著提到了作者為呼 吁孩子們走進(jìn)大自然拍攝了紀(jì)錄片，希望孩子們能多花些時(shí)間在戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)上。因此本篇文章主要內(nèi)容為： 向孩子們推銷”自然，故選Co3.12021.3天津卷B篇】About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard （蜥蜴） was growing dusty. It wor

31、ried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.I didnt think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table.It

32、burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months.The destruction started three months ago. It was my husbands birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special.L

33、ets make a cake for Dad! I cried.My kids screamed with joy. We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day. Candles on the cake! Balloons on the walls! Flowers on the table!Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a hig

34、h shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to f

35、ix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary 移己錄片） series The Last Dance .The poignancy （酸楚）of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball unifo

36、rm and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have t

37、o learn to leave the past behind.Humans do not shed skin （蛻皮）as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tend

38、er, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1?A.Its tank grew dirty.B.Its old skin came off.C.It got a skin disease.D.It went missing.Why did the authors husband have banana pudding for his birthday?A.The birthday cake was ruined.B.The author made g

39、ood puddings.C.Pudding was his favorite dessert.D.They couldnt afford a birthday cake.Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage?A.To prove a theory.B.To define a concept.C.To develop the theme.D.To provide the background.The underlined part leaving behind the layer in Paragraph 8 can

40、 be understood as .A.letting go of the pastB.looking for a new jobC.getting rid of a bad habitD.giving up an opportunity.What does the author most likely want to tell us?A.Love of family helps us survive great hardships.B.Its not the end of the world if we break things.C.We should move on no matter

41、what happens.D.Past experiences should be treasured.文章大意：這是一篇夾敘夾議文。講述了作者的丈夫剛剛丟了工作，這種不確定性開始影響到家人，直到 作者看到家里的寵物蜥蜴換皮和觀看了Michael Jordan的紀(jì)錄片最后的舞蹈后，領(lǐng)悟到我們必須學(xué)會(huì)把過去拋在腦后，像蜥蜴一樣，用我們?nèi)崮?、充滿希望的皮膚，作為人生的起點(diǎn)。1.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to myhusband and children the next

42、morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowingbehind it.（第二天早上，我向丈夫和孩子們報(bào)告了蜥蜴皮膚上奇怪的表面。幾秒鐘后，我們的蜥蜴從水箱里出來，舊皮膚蛻了下來）可知，寵物蜥蜴舊的皮膚脫落了。故選：Bo.A【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第六段 Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview,my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase

43、from a high shelfMy husband had banana pudding for his birth（就在我丈夫參加另一場(chǎng)工作面試回家前兩個(gè)小時(shí)，我女兒爬到一個(gè)高高的架子上，抓起一個(gè)玻璃花瓶。它掉下來摔碎在蛋糕旁邊。到處都是細(xì)小的玻璃碎片。我把蛋糕扔掉時(shí)，她大聲抽泣。我丈夫生日吃了香蕉布?。┛芍髡叩恼煞蜻^生日吃了香蕉布丁是因?yàn)樯盏案鈿Я?。故選：Ao.C【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段 The poignancy （酸楚）of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketballto play baseball and what h

44、ad pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. Neither of themchose the moment that had transformed them. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the pastbehind. （Jordan從心愛的籃球退役，轉(zhuǎn)而打棒球，這是多么令人痛心的事情，是什么促使他做出如此艱難的決定，讓我感到驚訝。當(dāng)我看著他脫下籃球服，換上棒球服時(shí)，我看到他脫下了那層不再適合他的衣服，就像我們的蜥蜴一樣。他

45、們都沒有選擇那個(gè)改變了他們的時(shí)刻。但他們必須和自己生活在一起因?yàn)橐磺卸甲兞?。就像我們一樣。我意識(shí)到我們必須學(xué)會(huì)把過去拋在腦后）以及最后一段 Jordan said that no matterhow it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin. （ Jordan 說，不管結(jié)局如何，都是以希望開始的。用我們?nèi)崮?、充滿希望的皮膚，那是我們的起點(diǎn)）”可推知，作者在文章中提到 The LastDance是為了展開文章關(guān)于放手過去，重新開始的主題。故選： C。.A【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題

46、。根據(jù)畫線詞后文Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed themlike us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.（他們都沒有選擇那個(gè)改變了他們的時(shí)刻。但他們必須和自己生活在一起因?yàn)橐磺卸甲兞?。就像我們一樣。我意識(shí)到我們必須學(xué)會(huì)把過去拋在腦后）”可知，作者看著喬丹脫下籃球服，換上棒球服時(shí)，意識(shí)到看到他放開了過去，把過去拋在腦后了。即畫線詞意思是放開過去。故選：Ao.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Humans do not shed ski

47、n （蛻皮）as easily as other animals I seeour lizard, raw and nearly new.（人類不像其他動(dòng)物那樣容易蛻皮。變革的開始令人不安。這個(gè)過程很累人。傷害在我們準(zhǔn)備好之前就改變了我們。我看到了我們生嫩的、幾乎是全新的蜥蜴）”以及最后一段Jordansaid that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin. （ Jordan說，不管結(jié)局如何，都是以希望開始的。用我們?nèi)崮?、充滿希望的皮膚

48、，那是我們的起點(diǎn)）”可推知，作者最有可能想告訴我們無論發(fā)生什么，我們都應(yīng)該繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。故選：Co4.12021.3天津卷D篇】There is something to be said for being a generalist, even if you are a specialist. Knowing a little about a lot of things that interest you can add to the richness of a whole, well-lived life.Society pushes us to specialize, to become ex

49、perts. This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less and less. There is a great deal of pressure to master ones field. You may pursue training, degrees, or increasing levels of res

50、ponsibility at work. Then you discover the pressure of having to keep up.Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty. But such commitment can also weaken a sense of freedom. These specialists could work at the office until ten each night, then look back and realize th

51、ey would have loved to have gone home and enjoyed the sweetness of their family and friends, or traveled to exciting places, meeting interesting people. Mastering one thing to the exclusion （排除）of others can hold back your true spirit.Generalists, on the other hand, know a lot about a wide range of

52、subjects and view the whole with all its connections. They are people of ability, talent, and enthusiasm who can bring their broad perspective （視角）into specific fields of expertise （專長(zhǎng)）.The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients

53、than just good medical skills.Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. Some of your interests may not appear to be connected but, once you explore their depths, you discover that they are. My editor Toni, who is also a writer, has edited several

54、history books. She has decided to study Chinese history. Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy. I dont know where it will lead, but Im excited Im on this pursuit.These expansions into new worlds help u

55、s by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. Develop broad, general knowledge and experience. The universe is all yours to explore and enjoy.1.To become a specialist, one may have to .A.narr

56、ow his range of knowledgeB.avoid responsibilities at workC.know more about the societyD.broaden his perspective on life.The specialists mentioned in Paragraph 3 tend to .A.treasure their freedomB.travel around the worldC.spend most time workingD.enjoy meeting funny people.According to the author, a

57、superior doctor is one who .A.is fully aware of his talent and ability.is a pure specialist in medicineC.should love poetry and philosophyD.brings knowledge of other fields to work.What does the author intend to show with the example of Toni?A.Passion alone does not ensure a persons success.B.In-dep

58、th exploration makes discoveries possible.C.Everyone has a chance to succeed in their pursuit.D.Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way connected.What could be the best title for the passage?A.Be More a Generalist Than a SpecialistB.Specialist or Generalist: Hard to DecideC.Turn a Generalist into

59、 a SpecialistD.Ways to Become a Generalist本文是議論文。文章論述了要當(dāng)一個(gè)多面手，而不是當(dāng)某方面的專家。. A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二、三句 This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less and less.（成為專家需要對(duì)特定的職業(yè)、研究領(lǐng)域的投入。成為專家

60、的缺點(diǎn)是我們常常對(duì)越來越少的知識(shí)領(lǐng)域了解得越來越多。）可知，要成為一名專家，了解到的知識(shí)領(lǐng)域會(huì)越來越少，會(huì)縮小他的知識(shí)范圍。故選Ao.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中提到Some people seem willing to work around the clock in theirnarrow specialty -These specialists could work at the office until ten each night,有些人彳以乎愿意在他們狹隘（ 的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域夜以繼日地工作。.這些專家可以每天晚上在辦公室工作到十點(diǎn)。）可知，這些專家往往花大部分的時(shí)間在工作上。故