英美文學(xué)Lecture2英國文學(xué)莎士比亞

1、Lecture TwoThe English Renaissance & General Knowledge of William Shakespeare1The Renaissance The Renaissance: an intellectual movement sprang first in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe.Two features are striking of this movement: 1) a thirsting curiosity for the classica

2、l literature;2) the keen interest in the activities of humanity.Key-note: Humanism. 2 The English RenaissanceThe English Renaissance stretched from later 15th century to early 17th century.From the first half of the 16th century, the English Renaissance began to develop into a flowering of literatur

3、e. The highest glory of the English Renaissance is drama.3DramaThe form of composition designed for performance in the theater, in which actors take the roles of the characters, perform the indicated action and utter the written dialogue. (The common alternative name for a dramatic composition is a

4、play.)4British RenaissancePlaywright: 1) Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) Doctor Faustus2）William Shakespeare (1564-1616)3) Ben Johnson (1572-1637) whose reputation mainly falls in the 17th century5William Shakespeare (1564-1616)The inexhaustible William Shakespeare (1564-1616)（說不完道不盡的莎士比亞）playwright

5、, poet, actor“He was not of an age, but for all time.”Ben Johnson“Shakespeare and Aeschylus are the two greatest dramatic geniuses the world has ever known.Carl Marks6The Birthplace of ShakespeareStratford-on-Avon7The Statue of Shakespeare8Shakespeares Literary Works1) Playwright: 38 plays (history,

6、 comedy, tragedy, tragicomedy, legends)2) poet: 154 sonnets, 2 long poems.3) actor9The Great Tragedies:哈姆雷特(Hamlet,1601 ) 奧賽羅(Othello, 1604) 李爾王(King Lear, 1605) 麥克白(Macbeth, 1606)10The Great Comedies:威尼斯商人(The Merchant of Venice, 1596) 仲夏夜之夢(mèng)(A Midsummer Nights Dream,1596) 第十二夜(Twelfth Night, 1600)

7、皆大歡喜(As You Like It, 1601) 11Periods of Shakespeares Dramatic CompositionShakespeares career as a dramatist may be divided into four major phases. 12The First Period(1590-1594) This period is the period of his apprenticeship in play-writing. Works: Henry VI The Comedy of Errors錯(cuò)誤的喜劇/連環(huán)錯(cuò)Loves Labors

8、Lost迷失的愛/空愛一場(chǎng)/愛的徒勞Romeo and Juliet, etc.131415The Second Period (1595-1600)This period is his mature period, mainly a period of “great comedies” and mature historical plays. It includes 6 comedies, 5 historical plays and 1 Roman tragedy. His sonnets are also thought to be written in this period. 161

9、7181920The Third Period (1601-1607)The third period of Shakespeares dramatic career is mainly the period of “great tragedies” and “dark comedies”. It includes 5 tragedies, 3 comedies and 2 Roman tragedies.Major works written in this period:Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Antony and Cleopatra2122232425The Fourth Period (1608-1612)The fourth period of Shakespeares work is the period of romantic drama. It includes 4 romances or “reconciliation plays”. 26Shakespeares Literary PositionShakespeare and the Authorized Version of the English Bible are the two greatest treasuries of the Englis