用于輪胎膠料加工助劑

1、Processing Promoters for Tire Compound Processing用于輪胎膠料的加工助劑Dr.Lothar Steger /Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH Folie: 1 Processing Promoters : Definition加工助劑的定義Processing Promoters are tailer made additives, which enable a homogeneous mixing and the subsequent processing of the rubber compound“加工助劑是一種量身定做的

2、添加劑，它們可以實現(xiàn)均相混煉并改善后續(xù)加工行為。 Processing Promoters improve the extrusion, calandering and molding performance but do not negatively influence the vulcanization properties of the mixture.“它們可以改善擠出、壓延和模壓硫化性能并且不會對硫化膠性能帶來負面影響。2Correlation 生產過程與實驗設備的相關性Production and Laboratory Equipment高壓毛細管流變儀門尼粘度擠出機流變硫化儀模壓

3、硫化混煉擠出注壓硫化剪切速率粘度3Division of Processing Promoters according to Their Chemical Composition 根據化學組成對加工助劑的分類Chemical descriptionExamplesHydrocarbons碳氫化合物Paraffinic waxes and oils鏈烷烴蠟 Metal soaps金屬皂類Zn-, Ca-, Mg-, K-soaps鋅/鈣/鎂/鉀皂Carboxyl-organic compounds羧基化合物Fatty-acids, -alcohols, -esters 脂肪酸、 脂肪醇、 脂肪脂

4、類Resins樹脂類Petroleum-, Indene-Coumarone-, Phenolic-resins石油/古馬隆-茚/酚醛Crosslinked glycerides交聯(lián)甘油酯Vulcanized vegetable oils交聯(lián)植物油Polymers with low molecular weigth低分子量聚合物Poly-ethylene, -propylene, -butadiene聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 丁二烯Other organic compounds with hetereoatoms其它雜原子有機物Aryldisulphide, Fatty-acid-amide芳基二硫

5、化物、脂肪酸酰胺4Division of Processing Promoters according to their effects in the tire compound根據對輪胎膠料的影響的分類Effect in tire 輪胎膠compound 料影響Chemical Composition化學組成Trade Names 商品名Mastication Agent塑解劑2,2-dibenzamido-diphenyldisulfideFe-complex with organic additivesRenacit 11Aktiplast 8Dispersant分散劑Fatty-aci

6、d,-alcohol,-ester脂肪酸醇酯Mixture of Zn-soap,fatty-ester, fillerAflux 42Aktiplast STLubricant潤滑劑Zn-soaps鋅皂Ca-soaps鈣皂Aktiplast PPAflux 16Homogenizer 均勻劑Special fraction hydrocarbon resins特殊碳氫樹脂Rhenosin TP 100Tackifier增粘劑Indene-Coumarone-Resin /low m.w. Alkylated phenolic resin古馬隆-茚/烷基化酚醛樹脂Rhenosin C-30Rh

7、enosin PT 1005Processing Promoters with Mastication Effect具有塑煉效果的加工助劑Description組成Effects效果Product產品Fatty-acid,-ester, Fe-hemi脂肪酸/脂/鐵的絡合物Mastication of NR塑煉Aktiplast 8Zn-soaps (mainly saturated), Fe-hemi飽和脂肪酸鋅和鐵的絡合物Mastication of NR, Improvement of flow 塑煉和改善流動性Aktiplast MZn-soaps (mainly unsaturate

8、d) Fe-hemi不飽和脂肪酸鋅和鐵的絡合物Mastication of NR, Filler Dispersion塑煉和填料分散Aktiplast FAlkylated-Poly-Sulfides, Fatty-acids, Fe-hemi烷基多硫化物/脂肪酸/鐵的絡合物Mastication of NR,塑煉Filler Dispersion,填料分散Improvement of flow 改善流動Aflux 616Mastication Effect塑煉效果Mooney Viscosity ML1+4/100CFatty AcidFe-hemiNoneNoneZn-soapsatura

9、tedFe-hemiZn-soapUnsaturatedFe-hemiAlk.-Poly-sulfideFatty-acidsFe-hemiNR, Internal Mixer, 3, dumped at 140，天然橡膠在密煉機中密煉3分鐘排膠溫度140 Aktiplast 8Aktiplast MAktiplast FAflux 61ML1+4/100C無塑解劑脂肪酸與鐵絡合物飽和鋅皂與鐵絡合物不飽和鋅皂與鐵絡合物烷基多硫化物、脂肪酸與鐵絡合物7Mode of Action of Processing Promoters加工助劑的作用原理內潤滑作用溶解于橡膠中外潤滑作用不溶解于橡膠中分散潤

10、滑8Processing Promoter Effects as a function of their polymer solubility溶解度不同加工助劑作用效果不同Polymersoluble additive與橡膠相容intramolecularLubricant分子內潤滑surface coating of fillers; leads to polymer swelling填料表面涂層導致橡膠溶脹Dispersant分散Polymerinsoluble additive與橡膠不相容extramolecularLubricant分子外潤滑migration to the polym

11、er surface under stress應力作用下遷移到橡膠表面Lubricant潤滑9Processing Promoter Lubricant Effects加工助劑的潤滑作用p pcritVgVgwallMixturewallVgFilmslippage膜滑動high processing prom. Concentration加工助劑濃度高wallMixtureEffects at critical shear stress with active processing promotersEffects at critical shear stresswithout proces

12、sing promoter Wall-Slip Wall-StickFilm-Slippage不含加工助劑時臨界剪切應力影響含加工助劑時臨界剪切應力影響10Change of polymer conformation with shear stress隨剪切橡膠聚集體結構的變化statistical polymer coil in the core of the flow as area of low shear低剪切速率區(qū)域橡膠分子鏈的卷曲polymer chain orientation at high shear stress高剪切應力下的橡膠分子鏈取向Capillary Wall毛細管

13、壁11Analytical determination of surface concentration表面濃度的檢測分析Surface analysis via FTIR-Spectroscopy:SampleCalibration of the EPDM-Zinc-Soap mixture :2468100,40,60,811,2Concentration Zn-soap phrExtinctionReference peak: 1376/cmRegression coeff. = 0,99927Characteristical pattern of the zinc soap : 153

14、2 1/cmProcessingPromoter12Processing Promoters Lubricant Effect加工助劑的潤滑效果Processing Promoters perform a certain function determined by their solubility in the rubber. 加工助劑潤滑效果取決于它們在橡膠中的溶解度They reduce shear stress due to high surface concentrations at location of high shear gradient. They resolve in t

15、he mix after leaving the shear zone (die). 加工助劑降低剪切應力，這是因為在高剪切區(qū)域其濃度很高Each polymer or blend needs its unique processing promoter taking into accaount the processing technique. 任何橡膠或其共混物都有與其相適應的加工助劑Processing Promoetrs increase quality and quantity of extrusion and injection molding significantly. 加工助

16、劑有效增加擠出、注射產品的質量和產量13Tread：Carbon Black / E-SBR胎面膠： 炭黑/ E-SBRSBR 1712110BR-Buna CB 10 20N-220 80Aromatic Oil 10Aktiplast GT 3Stearic acid 16PPD 1TMQ 1Wax/Antilux 654 2Zn0 3Sulfur 2,2TBBS/Vukacit NZ0,9加工助劑 : Aktiplast GT/PP (Zn-soap / mainly saturated)Control without Processing Promoter100Mixing (Moon

17、ey, HPCR)ML 1+4/100C 85 HPCR 100C/11s-1 85Extrusion (Torsiograph)Extrusion rate g/min 104 Extrusion volume cm/min 117Curing (Rheovulcameter)Injection volume mm3 160Injection speed mm3/sec 115Literature 參考文獻ITEC 1998 Akron/OHRhein Chemie Technical Report 6314viscoelastic properties depend strongly on

18、 the degree of silanisation 膠料粘彈性能強烈依賴于硅烷化反應的程度varying green rubber properties會改變生膠強度 Milling behaviour strongly depends on degree of silanisation混煉行為強烈依賴于硅烷化反應的程度Porosity 白炭黑的多孔性Varying extrudate swell改變擠出脹大Plugged ventings堵塞排氣孔Problems related with the processing of silica compounds白炭黑混煉膠存在的弊端15Tr

19、ead：Carbon Black / E-SBR胎面膠： 炭黑/ E-SBRS-SBR-Buna VSL 1955-S2596Nd-BR-Buna CB 2430Silica-Ultrasil 700070Carbon Black N-11010X-50 S (50% Si-69)12,5Aktiplast ST 5ZnO 3Stearic acid 1Aromatic Oil20TMQ 16PPD 1,5Antilux 654 1,5CBS 1,5DPG 2Sulphur 1,5Processing Promoter : Aktiplast ST (mixture of Zn-soap, f

20、atty-ester, filler)Control without Processing Promoter 100Mixing (Mooney, HPCR)ML 1+4/100C 83HPCR 100C/11s-1 85Extrusion (Torsiograph)Extrusion rate g/min 116Extrusion volume cm/min 117Curing (Rheovulcameter)Injection volume mm3 200Injection speed mm3/sec 155LiteratureITEC 1996 Akron/OHRhein Chemie Technical Report 6016Influence of Aktiplast ST Flow properties萊茵塑分ST對流動性能的影響01020304