問卷調(diào)查設(shè)計(jì)權(quán)威樣板(英文版)教學(xué)課件(21p)

1、 Designing and Using Questionnaires common ways to get information literature searchestalking with peoplefocus groupspersonal interviewstelephone surveysand mail surveys. Advantages of Written Questionnaires Questionnaires are very cost effective Questionnaires are easy to analyze Questionnaires are

2、 familiar to most people Questionnaires reduce bias Questionnaires are less intrusive than telephone or face-to-face surveys Disadvantages Of Written Questionnaires the possibility of low response rates the inability to probe responses By allowing frequent space for comments, the researcher can part

3、ially overcome this disadvantage Gestures and other visual cues are not available with written questionnaires the respondent may not be who you think it is questionnaires are simply not suited for some people Selecting Your Sample decide what kind of people to interview. Avoid a Biased Sample (Engli

4、sh & non-English majors)decide how many people you need to interview Quotas A Quota is a sample size for a sub-group. For example, men and women have somewhat different opinions in many areas. Questionnaire Design - General Considerations Well-defined goals are the best way to assure a good question

5、naire design Formulate a plan for doing the statistical analysis during the design stage of the projectInclude other experts and relevant decision-makers in the questionnaire design process Use professional production methods for the questionnaire-either desktop publishing or typesetting and keylini

6、ng Questionnaire Design - General ConsiderationsMake the envelope unique Provide a well-written cover letter Provide incentives as a motivation for a properly completed questionnaire. Give your questionnaire a title that is short and meaningful to the respondent Keep your questionnaire shortInclude

7、clear and concise instructions on how to complete the questionnaire If a questionnaire is more than a few pages and is held together by a staple, include some identifying data on each page Questionnaire Design - General ConsiderationsUse simple and direct languageMake it convenient. Always consider

8、the layout of your questionnaire. Leave adequate space for respondents to make comments. Leave a space at the end of a questionnaire entitled Other Comments. Try to keep your answer spaces in a straight line, either horizontally or vertically. . Questionnaire Design - General ConsiderationsBegin wit

9、h a few non-threatening and interesting items Place the most important items in the first half of the questionnaireIf you have used a particular scale before and need to compare results, use the same scale. Always present agree-disagree choices in that order. Positive to negative and excellent to po

10、or scales should be presented in those orders. When using numeric rating scales higher numbers should mean a more positive or more agreeing answer. The final test of a questionnaire is to try it on representatives of the target audience. Question Types Qualities of a Good Question 1. Evokes the trut

11、h. Questions must be non-threatening. 2. Asks for an answer on only one dimension. Were you satisfied with the quality of our food and service? 3. Can accommodate all possible answers. What brand of computer do you own? _ A. IBM PC B. Apple 3. There are two ways to correct this kind of problem.The f

12、irst way is to make each response a separate dichotomous item on the questionnaire. For example: Do you own an IBM PC? (circle: Yes or No) Do you own an Apple computer? (circle: Yes or No)Another way to correct the problem is to add the necessary response categories and allow multiple responses. Thi

13、s is the preferable method because it provides more information than the previous method. What brand of computer do you own? (Check all that apply) _ Do not own a computer _ IBM PC _ Apple _ OtherQualities of a Good Question4. Has mutually exclusive options. Where did you grow up? _ A. country B. fa

14、rm C. city5. Produces variability of responses. What do you think about this report? A. Its the worst report Ive read B. Its somewhere between the worst and best C. Its the best report Ive readAre you against campus love? (circle: Yes or No) Qualities of a Good Question6. Follows comfortably from th

15、e previous question. Grouping questions that are similar will make the questionnaire easier to complete, and the respondent will feel more comfortable. 7. Does not presuppose a certain state of affairs. Are you satisfied with your current auto insurance? (Yes or No) One of the most common mistaken a

16、ssumptions is that the respondent knows the correct answer to the question. What percent of your budget do you spend on direct mail advertising ? _ Qualities of a Good Question8. Does not imply a desired answer. Wouldnt you like to receive our free brochure?Dont you think the Congress is spending to

17、o much money? 9. Does not use emotionally loaded or vaguely defined words. Quantifying adjectives (e.g., many) 10. Does not use unfamiliar words or abbreviations. What was your AGI last year? _Qualities of a Good Question11. Is not dependent on responses to previous questions. An example of branchin

18、g is:1. Do you currently have a life insurance policy ? (Yes or No) If no, go to question 32. How much is your annual life insurance premium ? _These questions could easily be rewritten as one question that applies to everyone:1. How much did you spend last year for life insurance ? _ 12. Does not a

19、sk the respondent to order or rank a series of more than five items. Pre-notification Letters1. Briefly describe why the study is being done and identify the sponsors. 2. Explain why the person receiving the pre-letter was chosen to receive the questionnaire.3. Justify why the respondent should comp

20、lete the questionnaire. 4. Explain how the results will be used.Cover Letters1. Describe why the study is being done (briefly) and identify the sponsors.2. Mention the incentive. (A good incentive is a copy of the results).3. Mention inclusion of a stamped, self-addressed return envelope.4. Encourag

21、e prompt response without using deadlines.5. Describe your confidentiality/anonymity policy.6. Give the name and phone number of someone they can call with questions.Thanks for Your Attention1、不是井里沒有水，而是你挖的不夠深。不是成功來得慢，而是你努力的不夠多。2、孤單一人的時(shí)間使自己變得優(yōu)秀，給來的人一個(gè)驚喜，也給自己一個(gè)好的交代。3、命運(yùn)給你一個(gè)比別人低的起點(diǎn)是想告訴你，讓你用你的一生去奮斗出一個(gè)絕

22、地反擊的故事，所以有什么理由不努力!4、心中沒有過分的貪求，自然苦就少?？诶锊徽f多余的話，自然禍就少。腹內(nèi)的食物能減少，自然病就少。思緒中沒有過分欲，自然憂就少。大悲是無淚的，同樣大悟無言。緣來盡量要惜，緣盡就放。人生本來就空，對人家笑笑，對自己笑笑，笑著看天下，看日出日落，花謝花開，豈不自在，哪里來的塵埃!5、心情就像衣服，臟了就拿去洗洗，曬曬，陽光自然就會蔓延開來。陽光那么好，何必自尋煩惱，過好每一個(gè)當(dāng)下，一萬個(gè)美麗的未來抵不過一個(gè)溫暖的現(xiàn)在。6、無論你正遭遇著什么，你都要從落魄中站起來重振旗鼓，要繼續(xù)保持熱忱，要繼續(xù)保持微笑，就像從未受傷過一樣。7、生命的美麗，永遠(yuǎn)展現(xiàn)在她的進(jìn)取之中;就像大樹的美麗，是展現(xiàn)在它負(fù)勢向上高聳入云的蓬勃生機(jī)中;像雄鷹的美麗，是展現(xiàn)在它搏風(fēng)擊雨如蒼天之魂的翱翔中;像江河的美麗，是展現(xiàn)在它波濤洶涌一瀉千里的奔流中。8、有些事，不可避免地發(fā)生，陰晴圓缺皆有規(guī)律，我們只能坦然地接受;有些