flammableandcombustibleliquidsNationalPrecastConcrete：易燃和可燃液體國家預制混凝土課件

1、FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OSHA Changes芯葡脂令南偷宴拜濟洪義雇炎捂彥貉彌皇虛騰嗜遼耙剿堪汕烈咬敞誓鋸族flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第1頁，共64頁。2IntroductionThis module covers the two primary hazards a

2、ssociated with flammable and combustible liquids: explosion and fire. In order to prevent these hazards, this module and the standard upon which it is based (29 CFR 1910.106) address the primary concerns of design and construction, ventilation, ignition sources, and storage. 付突倫杏蔬乘檢驢咕睫綢雛痰懼純蝴擂鴿夕組姜烷狼位

3、煽丹糾嗣甸品供覽flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第2頁，共64頁。3IntroductionThe Occupational Safety and Health Administrations (OSHA) Standard - 29 CFR 1910.106 applies to the handling, stor

4、age, and use of flammable and combustible liquids with a flash point below 200F. The two primary hazards associated with flammable and combustible liquids are explosion and fire. 拉鞭沁瘧揭件純漚摟措返醛纂剩苗槍似炯揩它喧田班鬼構(gòu)席蹤恫鎳髓靶俗flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable a

5、nd combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第3頁，共64頁。4IntroductionThe primary basis for Flammable and Combustible Liquids is the National Fire Protection Associations publication NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code. 29 CFR 1910.106 has changed and widened the defin

6、ition of flammable liquids to four hazard categories, differing with the standard definition in NFPA 30. 咋間指月凱椎年步丘隙質(zhì)亥罕嗡柳旨含欲疽妖餃務(wù)慎舒夷棟趟刃蝦瑪巒蘊flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第4頁，共64

7、頁。1910.106 Flammable liquidFlammable liquid means any liquid having a flashpoint at or below 199.4 F (93 C). Flammable liquids are divided into four categories as follows:1910.106(a)(19)5垛峙熒咋阻佑是覽模鉛戊瓊吶訂缽尿慕所趾溢聯(lián)恩屁雅噎皇域寺串酉震左flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土fla

8、mmable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第5頁，共64頁。1910.106 Flammable liquidCategory 1Category 1 shall include liquids having flashpoints below 73.4 F (23 C) and having a boiling point at or below 95 F (35 C).6虎泵燙慷訛絨賒喝齊郭惜蹤攘秧棵胸捶稍蓖勢韋氦氦燙猶債去蕩鼻蚊燒秧flammable and combustible

9、 liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第6頁，共64頁。1910.106 Flammable liquidCategory 2Category 2 shall include liquids having flashpoints below 73.4 F (23 C) and having a boiling point above 95 F (35 C).7埃牌般咯搭風喧

10、恐讓憎拎枝瓷能探緯誹暗鎂斂籌彪遺括輩禿滲苛參鉀瘋寬flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第7頁，共64頁。1910.106 Flammable liquidCategory 3Category 3 shall include liquids having flashpoints at or above 73.4 F (23

11、C) and at or below 140 F (60 C). When a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100 F (37.8 C) is heated for use to within 30 F (16.7 C) of its flashpoint, it shall be handled in accordance with the requirements for a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint below 100 F (37.8 C).8猖屏寨步藻奄殺楓笆扔葡坪赤丁榜翱

12、麓萬薛厄詞僅抽梭回奇娥褐粱焊爪戶flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第8頁，共64頁。1910.106 Flammable liquidCategory 4Category 4 shall include liquids having flashpoints above 140 F (60 C) and at or bel

13、ow 199.4 F (93 C). When a Category 4 flammable liquid is heated for use to within 30 F (16.7 C) of its flashpoint, it shall be handled in accordance with the requirements for a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100 F (37.8 C).9脫凳驢飲誨垃遁方綴倘還囤職獵硝鷹禱分曬嚨藤寥拉離代恒津咸揭眉泳杜flammable and combustible l

14、iquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第9頁，共64頁。10Flammable LimitsWhen vapors of a flammable or combustible liquid are mixed with air in the proper proportions in the presence of a source of ignition, rapid com

15、bustion or an explosion can occur. The proper proportion is called the flammable range and is also often referred to as the explosive range. The flammable range includes all concentrations of flammable vapor or gas in air, in which a flash will occur or a flame will travel if the mixture is ignited.

16、 夷最淪輸溢提墟奉蛙琉砂撕匿公檄稱力匹隊夾輝奄丟少睫鷗銥吾抒劇空珍flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第10頁，共64頁。11Flammable LimitsThere is a minimum concentration of vapor or gas in air below which propagation of

17、flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition. There is also a maximum proportion of vapor in air above which propagation of flame does not occur. These boundary-line mixtures of vapor with air are known as the lower and upper flammable or explosive limits (LEL or UEL) respectively, and

18、they are usually expressed in terms of percentage by volume of vapor in air.式硅懂舜踐屁吉雌槽葦窮努霍渴噸典痊鎮(zhèn)殷臉擲猙吾咀屈綏響叼維祿味辯flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第11頁，共64頁。12Flammable LimitsIn popul

19、ar jargon, a vapor/air mixture below the flammable limit is too lean to burn or explode, and a mixture above the upper flammable limit is too rich to burn or explode.No attempt is made to differentiate between the terms flammable and explosive as applied to the lower and upper limits of flammability

20、. 酗魯斗懦紛豆淤沮澎殉幽枕磚蟲喇羚懷帶赴纜牢頻沈直務(wù)嘻筐疑贊閥淀膝flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第12頁，共64頁。13Container and Portable Tank Storage - Introduction This section applies to flammable or combustibl

21、e liquid storage in drums or other containers (including flammable aerosols) that do not exceed 60 gallons individual capacity. -It also applies to portable tanks with less than 660 gallons capacity. Portable tanks are closed containers of at least 60 gallons capacity. The six topic areas covered in

22、 this module are listed to the left.登鄒萌柯肯吻袖董調(diào)種客臼結(jié)閉至崗絳卜雍寺縷囚彩炔忙斬汛樞庇倦匡郡flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第13頁，共64頁。Only approved containers and portable tanks shall be used. Metal c

23、ontainers and portable tanks meeting the requirements of and containing products authorized by chapter I, title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, shall be deemed to be acceptable.14話絲慎候崗待油覺詫饞例渦啞仿增舟霸撒渭浦效胺瘁現(xiàn)端淘撾冉砍梅王志flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flam

24、mable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第14頁，共64頁。Table H-12 Maximum Allowable Size of Containers and Portable Tanks for Flammable LiquidsContainer typeCategory 1Category 2Category 3Category 4Glass or approved plastic1 pt1 qt1 gal1 gal.Metal (other than DOT drums)1

25、gal5 gal5 gal5 gal.Safety cans2 gal5 gal5 gal5 gal.Metal drums (DOT specifications)60 gal60 gal60 gal60 gal.Approved portable tanks660 gal660 gal660 gal660 gal.15Table H-12 Maximum Allowable Size of Containers and Portable Tanks for Flammable Liquids晌卓姨店幌沉仔刊融誹非乙越惱芯仰瘁勤躺題踐汗炕簡俠痊滔捶傷林兆貯flammable and comb

26、ustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第15頁，共64頁。16Container Design, Construction, and Capacity 29 CFR 1910.106 also requires portable tanks to have provision for emergency venting. Top-mounted emergen

27、cy vents must be capable of limiting internal pressure under fire exposure conditions to 10 psig or 30% of the bursting pressure of the tank, whichever is greater. Portable tanks are also required to have at least one pressure-activated vent with a minimum capacity of 6,000 cubic feet of free air at

28、 14.7 psia and 60F. These vents must be set to open at not less than 5 psig. If fusible vents are used, they shall be actuated by elements that operate at a temperature not exceeding 300F.什辜貞斂韻蹈地遞宗甕雖港屏追礙五旨瘸堡浴由傅津長緘墻行機字藤銑墮flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土fl

29、ammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第16頁，共64頁。17Container Design, Construction, and Capacity A portable tank is not intended for fixed installations. Maximum allowable sizes of various types of containers and portable tanks are specified based on the class of

30、flammable and combustible liquid they contain. 頹獲佐蛆嚏槍凝燴胡斬潘蘊稗甘伎糕荷饅欠蹦份千寓痢劍金胡辜娘蚜彤善flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第17頁，共64頁。18Storage Cabinet Design, Construction, and Capacity Re

31、gardless of the type of container, no more than 60 gallons of Class I and/or Class II liquids or no more than 120 gallons of Class III liquids may be stored in an individual wooden or metal cabinet.Storage cabinets shall be designed and constructed to limit the internal temperature to not more than

32、325F when subjected to a standardized 10-minute fire test. All joints and seams shall remain tight and the door shall remain securely closed during the fire test. Storage cabinets shall be conspicuously labeled, Flammable - Keep Fire Away.“鵬拽牧儲栽賓茵毗復椿琢輛覆羚庫喪氨扭澳謬岳浙鑰擂獲狄甭臘玲銥月卻flammable and combustible li

33、quids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第18頁，共64頁。19Storage Cabinet Design, Construction, and Capacity The top, bottom, sides, and door of metal cabinets shall be at least No. 18 gauge sheet metal and double wall

34、ed with 1-inch air space. The door shall be provided with a three-point lock, and the door sill shall be raised at least 2 inches above the bottom of the cabinet. 札遭夾諸汰據(jù)鈴眶伍掠片拜溫搶陌癡啼續(xù)冷疥泳絮祖彎積騙瑩申追整攢莢flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible l

35、iquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第19頁，共64頁。20Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Storage rooms serve the same purpose as storage cabinets, but can be much larger. Inside storage rooms have a variety of requirements which must be followed.An inside storage room must be desig

36、ned and constructed so that it complies with the test specifications included in NFPA 251-1969, Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials. 察鑿仗隴玲矢極牲審幣曲瘦玻職夏夜骯頁堯巷囊說榔買塞漸頃知島腎慕亥flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustib

37、le liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第20頁，共64頁。21Inside Storage Room Design and Construction The inside storage room must meet requirements for: Construction Wiring Ventilation Rating and capacity Storage. 雅攻核躥炒皚菏膏屁祈膘實肩藏礦嫉狠郡度券義幟誤硯闡舊退阿蹋脫酪溝flammable and combustible liquids - National

38、 Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第21頁，共64頁。22Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Inside storage rooms must be constructed so that openings to other rooms or buildings shall be provided with non-combustible, liquid

39、-tight, raised sills or ramps at least 4 inches in height, or the floor in the storage area shall be at least 4 inches below the surrounding floor. They will also be provided with approved self-closing fire doors. The room shall be liquid-tight where the walls join the floor. 與洶膊沫悶摯鴨潦勇徘孽馬擅輯霜慰苗命卜沈露至冕

40、度羌去組塔肌軸遺聊flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第22頁，共64頁。23Inside Storage Room Design and Construction A permissible alternative to the sill or ramp is an open-grated trench inside o

41、f the room which drains to a safe location. This method may be preferred if there is an extensive need to transfer flammable liquids into and out of the room by means of hand trucks. 紹歇刑哭踢旨宅見孵排勉結(jié)畢師胡爪現(xiàn)筍咬痊扎嚼移背恕命薛御籍步鋅胯flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammab

42、le and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第23頁，共64頁。24Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Electrical wiring and equipment located in inside storage rooms used for Class I liquids shall be approved under Subpart S, Electrical, for Class I, Division 2 Hazardous Loc

43、ations. Class II and Class III liquids shall be approved for general use.In addition to the wiring requirements there are also very important ventilation requirements.Every inside storage room shall be provided with either a gravity or a mechanical exhaust ventilation system designed to provide for

44、a complete change of air at least six times per hour. 屬拿撂超簧掠峻休濾竟攏稿綏其熬鉀浦墅余洗悅巳鍬墻記衣脂駕贖肅閱袋flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第24頁，共64頁。25Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Ve

45、ntilation is vital to the prevention of flammable liquid fires and explosions. It is important to ensure that air flow through the system is constant and prevents the accumulation of any flammable vapors. Fire protection systems shall be provided by a sprinkler, water spray, carbon dioxide, or other

46、 system. 大朱今伍稅京屆悼陡口蠻傷孩猾轉(zhuǎn)揮轟匯筷痔獅穗蔚簡擅泥淄謀剮趴戚現(xiàn)flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第25頁，共64頁。26Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Inside storage rooms shall comply with the foll

47、owing rating and capacity requirements 翼掩氖張壺置厚摔淌論芹畦番賣館浴極贈庫境蓮駿女閱行痊礬址駭瑯證帝flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第26頁，共64頁。27Inside Storage Room Design and Construction In every inside s

48、torage room that is used to store flammable and combustible liquids, an aisle at least 3 feet wide must be maintained. Easy movement within the room is necessary in order to reduce the potential for spilling or damaging the containers and to provide both access for fire fighting and a ready escape p

49、ath for occupants. 胞伯真?zhèn)銖胤喂迅ポo叉彪挾掂絲機蠱珠白抽哩役擯治扮衙膚智榷調(diào)案部汰flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第27頁，共64頁。28Inside Storage Room Design and Construction Containers over 30 gallons capacity s

50、hall not be stacked one upon the other. Such containers are built to DOT specifications and are not required to withstand a drop test greater than 3 feet when full.Dispensing shall be only by approved pump or self-closing faucet. 標盤冪濁升憂熙忿束瞞衛(wèi)獵鵝憐緯壩吁硬終撼胯湖懦路兔乾鴦鋸軍會割適flammable and combustible liquids - Na

51、tional Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第28頁，共64頁。29Storage Inside Buildings There are specific requirements concerning storage of flammable and combustible liquids inside certain building types. Regardless of the building

52、 type, flammable or combustible liquids, including stock for sale, shall not be stored so as to limit use of exits, stairways, or areas normally used for the safe egress of people. 擲鳥剝雙屎擰成包匠榔弱拴瘧妖褐子稠背速告釋倫好灑志盡闌薛是揀躲血flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable

53、 and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第29頁，共64頁。30Storage Inside Buildings Click on the terms below to learn more about the requirements General Purpose Public Warehouses Office OccupancyWarehouses or Storage Buildings 畸院款誨總態(tài)蓮斜砌冰庚鵝貯嘔幻屈陜瘓亮沫臂板沏扔錢還術(shù)蛹溪蝗弧鄰flammable and comb

54、ustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第30頁，共64頁。31General Purpose Public Warehouses There are tables in the OSHA Standard summarizing the storage requirements for general purpose public warehouses. Th

55、ese tables refer to indoor storage of flammable and combustible liquids which are confined in containers and portable tanks. Storage of incompatible materials that create a fire exposure (e.g., oxidizers, water-reactive chemicals, certain acids and other chemicals) is not permitted. 崇茅行偷曠載稚構(gòu)盡水塵誨謾牧勃眩

56、非身稈通困娛綴矯窯被技抨麻褥酌痘flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第31頁，共64頁。32Office Occupancy If the building is used for office occupancy, flammables used only for maintenance or operation of

57、equipment can be stored in the building.Flammables shall be stored in closed metal containers stored in a storage cabinet, in safety cans, or in an inside storage room not having a door that opens into that portion of the building used by the public. 瀕澇鮮柴毀廷裂筒石芒倉挑玉臼喻嘗再酮與迫妝頒蒲絕鄙碉援刮費塌弛致flammable and com

58、bustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土flammable and combustible liquids - National Precast Concrete ：易燃和可燃液體-國家預制混凝土第32頁，共64頁。33Warehouses or Storage Buildings Warehouses or storage buildings are sometimes referred to as outside storage rooms. Practically any quantity of flamm

59、able and combustible liquid can be stored in these buildings provided that they are stored in a configuration consistent with the tables in the OSHA Standard.Containers in piles shall be separated by pallets or dunnage where necessary to provide stability and to prevent excessive stress on container

60、 walls.Stored material shall not be piled within 3 feet of beams or girders and shall be at least 3 feet below sprinkler deflectors or discharge orifices of water spray, or other fire protection equipment.Aisles to access doors, windows or standpipe connections 匿達憲儉鉛彬訖鉸蒙撈瞎磋靖悅躥矯皋革酪登春桂疵猿犢賃感歉攘略貼吸flamma