英語：Unit4《Making-the-news》課件Grammar(6)(新人教版必修5)

1、Unit 4Discovering useful structuresMaking the newsRead the sentences in the text.Never will Zhou Yang forget his assignment at the office of China Daily.Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.Not only am I interested in photography, but I (also) took a course

2、at university.Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.Here comes my list of “dos” and “donts”.Inversion倒裝句一、概述：英語句子的基本語序是主語在前、謂語動(dòng)詞在后（the natural order），當(dāng)語序顛倒時(shí)就成了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)（the inverted order）。把謂語的全部放在主語之前稱為完全倒裝；而只把助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語之前，則稱為部分倒裝。 I love Englis

3、h.基本語序natural ordersubject (主)+ predicate (謂)+object (賓)倒裝的分類1. 部分倒裝：主語與助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞倒裝 結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 主語+謂語動(dòng)詞 Never have I heard such a thing.= I have never heard such a thing.2. 全部倒裝： 主語與謂語動(dòng)詞倒裝 結(jié)構(gòu)：謂語動(dòng)詞+ 主語 Down fell the rain.= The rain fell down.here, there, now, then, thus，out，away, up, down等副詞置于句首,

4、 謂語動(dòng)詞常用be, come, go, lie, run等。當(dāng)其主語為名詞時(shí)，通常要使用倒裝。例如： a. There goes the bell. b. Then came the chairman. c. Here is your letter. d. Away went the boy to the school. e. Off goes the woman.全部倒裝句注意：上述全部倒裝句型結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能倒裝。 Here he comes. Away they went.2. 以引導(dǎo)詞there開頭的句子，須使用倒 裝結(jié)構(gòu)，除 there be 外還有

5、there live / stand / lie / exist等。例如：a. There are three books on the deskb. There lived an old fisherman near the sea.c. There stands a tall building in the centre of the town.so, neither, nor表示前面所述一件事也適合另一個(gè)人或物時(shí)。so用于肯定句, neither/nor 用于否定句。a. Tom can speak French. So can Jack.b. If you dont go, neith

6、er will I.2)但如果上文所述兩件事也適合另一個(gè)人或 物，就用 So it is /was with sb.或It is/was the same with sb.。Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with Engels.注意：當(dāng) so引出的句子用以對(duì)上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或 肯定，意為“的確如此”時(shí)，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. Its raining hard. So it is.4. 介詞短

7、語做地點(diǎn)狀語放在句首時(shí) a. In the cottage lives a family of six. b. Near the bridge was an old cottage. c. In front of the house sat a little boy.部分倒裝句1. 疑問句 a. Have you seen the film? b. When are we going to drink to your happiness?注意：如疑問詞在句中做主語，則用自然語序。 c. Who is your sister? d. What is our work?2. so/such.tha

8、t的so/such位于句首時(shí) So loudly did the students read that people could hear them out in the street. b. So small were the words that he could hardly see them. c. Such a famous man he is that everyone wants to take a photo with him.3. 否定意義的副詞或短語位于句首時(shí)，常見 的有：in no way, not onlybut also, never, little, rarely,

9、 seldom, hardly. When, no soonerthan, scarcelywhen, in no case, not until(當(dāng)Not until引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝)等。a. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.b. HardlycanIfollowyou.c. SeldomdoIvisitUSA.d. Never have I seen such a performance.注意： 如否定詞不在句首則不倒裝。e. I have never seen such a p

10、erformance.f. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep.4. 由as或though 引導(dǎo)的讓步壯語從句 表語十a(chǎn)s主語十系動(dòng)詞be； 動(dòng)詞原形as主語十助動(dòng)詞。例如：Young as he is, he knows some of the family. b. Try as I might, I could not lift the stone. 注意：當(dāng)單數(shù)名詞位于句首時(shí)，名詞前無冠詞。c. Child as he is, he knows good English. 5. 省略連詞 if的條件副詞分

11、句 Were I you, I would not do such a thing. = If I were you, I would not do such a thing. Would the machine break down again, send it back to us.= If the machine would break down again, send it back to us. Had you worked harder, you would have passed.= If you had worked harder, you would have passed.

12、 6. 有些表示“感嘆、祝愿”等語氣的句子，也可使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 a. Isnt it cold! 天氣真冷！ b. May both be happy! 祝你們兩位幸福！ c. May God bless you. 愿上帝賜福于你。d. Long live the king! 國(guó)王萬歲！ 7. only 位于句首、強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的狀語時(shí) Only then did I fully understand what my father said. b. Only when I left school did I realize how important study is. 注意:如果only強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句

13、子主語時(shí)，句子不倒裝。c. Only he can help us. 8. 在“such+be+主語”的結(jié)構(gòu)中 Such was the story he told me.= The story he told me was such. Such was what Peter spoke at the meeting.=What Peter spoke at the meeting was such. Rewrite these sentence using normal word order.1. I did not know how to use that recorder. Neithe

14、r did he. Neither he or I knew how to use that recorder.Practice 2. Only then did I begin my work on designing a new bridge. I only began my work on designing a new bridge then.3. Not only was there a Christmas tree, but also exciting presents under it. There was not only a Christmas tree but also e

15、xciting presents under it.4. “Is everything ready yet?” asked Hu Xin to the photographer. Hu Xin asked the photographer, “Is everything ready yet?”Rewrite these sentences using inversion. First, find the phrase to begin with. Then change the word order of the sentence. Use the words or phrases under

16、lined to rewrite these sentences.You will see so many seats only at a stadium in Beijing. Only at a stadium in Beijing will you see so many seats.2. I have seldom seen a situation which made me so angry. Seldom have I seen a situation which made me so angry.3. You will be able to write a good report

17、 only after you have acquired the information you need. Only after you have acquired the information you need will you be able to write a good report.4. He gave a lot of presents to his friends, but he has never given one to me. Never has he given a present to me though he gave a lot (of presents) t

18、o his friends.5. She is not only good at languages, but also at history and geography. Not only is she good at language, but she is also good at history and geography.6. I have never read such an exciting report before. Never before have I read such an exciting report.7. She took part in a horse rid

19、ing competition, and did not miss a jump once. Not once did she miss a jump when she took part in the horse riding competition.Certain expressions can introduce aninverted sentence. Now complete thefollowing sentences that begin with theseexpressions. Only after _ did _ _.2) Not once did _ _ .my ope

20、rationmy neighbours come round to offer me support you come to say you were sorry after breaking the vase3. Seldom have I _ _.4. Only by doing _ could _ _ .5. Only in a _ can _ _. been so happy as when my son graduated from universityher exercise every day Jane hope to run professionally againfilm p

21、eople get hit and never seem to feel the pain6. Not once did _ _ _ _.Only then did _ _. Zhou Jie receive an admission notice to Beijing university, but he also won a scholarship to study in America. she remember what her aunt told herComplete the sentences.1. Only with a proper key, _. (你才能打開門)can y

22、ou open the door2. Only when youve done your homework, _. (你才可以去玩籃球)may/can you go to play basketball3. Only after he had done some reading, _. (他才去洗衣服)did he go to do some washing_ to rain tomorrow , they would put off the meeting. A. If it should B. If were it C. Should it D. were it 2. _ got into

23、 the room _ the telephone rang. A. No sooner had he, when B. He hardly had, then C. Hardly had he, when D. He hardly had, then3. _ find out what had happened. A. Until he woke up did he B. Until he woke up to C. Not until did he wake up he D. Not until he woke up did he4. Little _ about his own heal

24、th though he was very ill. A. he cared B. he cares C. does he care D. did he care DCDDChoose the best answers.5. Early in the day _ the news _ the enemy were gone. A. come, that B. came , that C. comes ,that D. came , what 6. Not only _ strict with us, but also _ for us. A. was the teacher ; did he

25、care B. was the teacher ; he cared C. the teacher was ; did he care D. the teacher was ; did he care7. _, he knows a lot of English . A. Child as he is B. As he is a child C. A child as he is D. Child though he was 8. _ the cat , she has to give it to the neighbor. A. As she likes much B. As she muc

26、h likes C. Much as she likes D. As much she likes BBCA9. Be quick! _. A. Here comes the bus B. The bus here comes C. The bus come here D. Here the bus comes 10. If you want to go there, _. A. so will I B. so I will C. I will so D. so do I11. In front of the farmhouse _. A. does a small boy sit B. di

27、d a small boy sit C. sit a small boy D. sat a small boy 12. Scarcely _ down when _ a knock at the door. A. had he sat; did he hear B. he had sat; did he hear C. he had sat; he heard D. had he sat; he heardAADD13. Here _. A. does he come B. he comes C. comes he D. he come 14. Only _ that. A. can a do

28、ctor do B. a doctor can do C. can do a doctor D. can a doctor does15. Not even once _ a lie. A. has Mike told B. Mike has told C. had Mike told D. Mike had told16. Up _ into the air. A. went the arrow B. the arrow went C. did the arrow go D. does the arrow goBBAA17. Not for a moment _ what he said.

29、A. I believed B. did I believe C. I would believe D. I believe18. In _ and the students stood up. A. the teacher comes B. the teacher coming C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come 19. No sooner _ begun to speak than I realized that something was wrong. A. he has B. he had C. had he D. did heBCC

30、20. Why cant I smoke here? Well, didnt you read the notice saying that at no time _ in the meeting-room? A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking permits D. does smoking permit21. Not until several years ago _ how serious the pollution was. A. people did realize B. people realize C

31、. didnt people realize D. did people realize AD22. No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the football match began B. has the football match begun C. the football match has begun D. had the football match begun23. Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? I dont, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also DB