NET框架2.0新特性綜述

1、.NET框架2.0新特性綜述盧斌Software Development EngineerMicrosoft CorporationBCL 新功能Serial portCompressionStrongly typed resourcesConsole supportThreadingDiagnosticsNetworking。Strongly Typed Resources 演 示public class List private object elements; private int count; public void Add(object element) if (count = e

2、lements.Length) Resize(count * 2); elementscount+ = element; public object thisint index get return elementsindex; set elementsindex = value; public int Count get return count; Generics “泛型” public class List private T elements; private int count; public void Add(T element) if (count = elements.Leng

3、th) Resize(count * 2); elementscount+ = element; public T thisint index get return elementsindex; set elementsindex = value; public int Count get return count; List intList = new List();intList.Add(1);intList.Add(2);intList.Add(“3);int i = (int)intList0;List intList = new List();intList.Add(1); / Ar

4、gument is boxedintList.Add(2); / Argument is boxedintList.Add(“3); / Should be an errorint i = (int)intList0; / Cast requiredList intList = new List();intList.Add(1); / No boxingintList.Add(2); / No boxingintList.Add(“3); / Compile-time errorint i = intList0; / No cast requiredC#Generics “泛型” 為什么要Ge

5、nerics?編譯時(shí)類型驗(yàn)證高性能 (不用裝箱box, 不用轉(zhuǎn)換downcasts)減少代碼累贅 (typed collections)VB, C#, MC+ 編寫和運(yùn)用 genericsGenerics國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化Generics in VBPublic Class List(Of ItemType) Private elements() As ItemType Private elementcount As Integer Public Sub Add(ByVal element As ItemType) If elementcount = elements.Length ThenResiz

6、e(elementcount * 2) elements(elementcount) = element count += 1 End Sub Public Default Property Item(ByVal index As Integer) As ItemType Get Return elements(index) End Get Set (ByVal Value As ItemType) elements(index) = Value End Set End Property Public ReadOnly Property Count As Integer Get Return

7、elementcount End Get End PropertyEnd ClassDim intList As New List(Of Integer) intList.Add(1) No boxing intList.Add(2) No boxing intList.Add(“3) Compile-time error Dim i As Integer = intList(0) No cast requiredVBGenerics in C+genericpublic ref class List array elements; int count;public: void Add(T e

8、lement) if (count = elements-Length) Resize(count * 2); elementscount+ = element; property T default int index T get() return elementsindex; void set(T value) elementsindex = value; property int Count int get() return count; ;List intList = gcnew List();intList-Add(1); / No boxingintList-Add(2); / N

9、o boxingintList-Add(“3); / Compile-time errorint i = intList0; / No cast requiredC+基礎(chǔ)類庫泛類 (Generics in BCL)System.Collections.Generic classesListDictionaryStackQueueSystem.Collections.Generic interfacesIListIDictionaryIDictionaryICollectionIEnumerableIEnumeratorIComparableIComparerNullable(Of T)Even

10、tHandlerDim intVal as Nullable(Of Integer) = 5If intVal.HasValue Then checks for a valuedelegate void EventHandler(Object sender, T e) where T : EventArgs;提高 CLR 性能長遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo): CLR性能指標(biāo)與非托管本機(jī)代碼一致減少多個(gè)托管進(jìn)程的marginal cost減少托管應(yīng)用程序起動(dòng)時(shí)間和工作集NGEN將 IL 編譯成本機(jī)代碼, 然后存盤好處: 無需反復(fù)將 IL 編譯成本機(jī)代碼, 類的布局也已定型, 起動(dòng)時(shí)間更短 CLR 2.0:顯著地減少了

11、private, non-shareable工作集ngen install, ngen update, ngen /queue使.NET框架成為更快的編程平臺(tái)提高現(xiàn)有API的性能降低應(yīng)用程序域(AppDomain)開銷,應(yīng)用程序域之間的方法調(diào)用 (加快 1.1倍-50倍)委托(delegate)創(chuàng)建 (10倍) 和調(diào)用 (2倍)UTF8Encoding: translation (2.5倍)新的高性能 API更快的資源查找APILightweight CodeGen: 只生成關(guān)鍵代碼 (與 Reflect Emit 對比)TryParse 演 示走向 64 位64 位 Windows 服務(wù)器和

12、工作站支持 IA64 和 X64 (AMD64)Windows Server 2003 SP1和未來的64 位 Windows Client支持 WoW6432位應(yīng)用程序可在 64位機(jī)上運(yùn)行CLR1.0 和1.1應(yīng)用程序在 WoW64上運(yùn)行VS: 作為32位應(yīng)用程序運(yùn)行可以開發(fā), 調(diào)試和部署32位和64位應(yīng)用程序新的CLR 64位實(shí)時(shí)編譯, 垃圾回收和程序調(diào)試服務(wù)64bitNONOWOW64YESPE32+ILONLY32BITREQUIREDYESNOYESC# Compiler /platform: : ILONLY, NOT 32BITREQUIRED : 32BITREQUIRED o

13、r : PE32+Space Invaders 演 示CLR安全功能支持新的加密服務(wù)(cryptography)支持 PKI and PKCS7支持 XML 加密更好地支持 X509 certificatesDPAPI (Data Protection API)支持托管ACL提高應(yīng)用程序安全Permission 計(jì)算器 (PermCalc)Debug-In-ZoneSecureString 演 示RAD程序調(diào)試編輯繼續(xù)能力 (Edit and Continue)允許的編輯: (例子)給類加新的private字段給類加新的private非虛擬方法改寫方法內(nèi)的代碼不允許的編輯: (例子)除去字段或

14、方法編輯泛類 (generics)序列化(Serialization)不認(rèn)知新的字段Display Attributes 控制調(diào)試器顯示SQL Server 集成將開發(fā)工具 Visual Studio 與數(shù)據(jù)管理平臺(tái) SQL Server 集成在一起將中間層的.NET框架編程模式和開發(fā)技能應(yīng)用到數(shù)據(jù)層用托管代碼寫 Stored Procedures, Triggers, data types CLR安全系統(tǒng)(類型安全和代碼訪問安全)VS .NET 項(xiàng)目文件集: geo.dllVB, C#, BuildSQL ServerSQL 數(shù)據(jù): create assembly create functi

15、on create procedure create trigger create type SQL Queries: SELECT name FROM Supplier WHERE Location:Distance ( point ) 3SQL Server承載 CLRSQL CLR 功能 定義 Location.Distance()Sql 編程模式 分割字符串 (Splitting a string)老方法 (T-SQL). declare str varchar(200)select Str = Microsoft Corporation|SQL Server|2003|SQL-CLR

16、|2002-08-20|11:32:00|Document|3.b.3SELECTsubstring(Str + |, 0 + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, 0 + 1) - 0 - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |) - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) +

17、 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str +

18、|, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, chari

19、ndex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, c

20、harindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charind

21、ex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|,

22、 Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(

23、|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|

24、, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - 1 ) T-SQLdeclare str v

25、archar(200)select Str = Microsoft Corporation|SQL Server|2003|SQL-CLR|2002-08-20|11:32:00|Document|3.b.3SELECTsubstring(Str + |, 0 + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, 0 + 1) - 0 - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |) - 1 ),

26、substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1)

27、 + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |)

28、+ 1) + 1) + 1) + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |

29、, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, char

30、index(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - 1 ),substring(Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1, charindex

31、(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) - charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |, charindex(|, Str + |) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) -