初中英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)專題講解學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1初中英語句子(j zi)結(jié)構(gòu)專題講解第一頁，共31頁。句子(j zi)成份 句子一般(ybn)由兩個(gè)部分組成：主語(zhy)部分（ subject group）謂語部分（ predicate group） 句子成份：主謂賓表補(bǔ)定狀第1頁/共31頁第二頁，共31頁。Members of sentence: S - subjectP - predicative O - objectAttri.-attributeAdv.- adverb Oc - object complement 主賓表補(bǔ)定狀第2頁/共31頁第三頁，共31頁。1) 主語(zhy)（subject）I like footb

2、all.The boy needs a pen. 句子(j zi)的主體，全句述說的對象。一般由 擔(dān)任,常置于句首。2) 謂語(wiy)（predicate）說明主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。由 擔(dān)任。常置于主語后。 The train leaves at 6 oclock.I want a ticket.,動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)名詞 或從句名詞,主格代詞動(dòng)詞第3頁/共31頁第四頁，共31頁。3) 賓語(bny)（object）4) 表語(bioy)（predicative）He won the game. On the desk表示(biosh)vt.的動(dòng)作對象或prep.所聯(lián)系的對象。由n.或相當(dāng)于n.的詞擔(dān)

3、任。置于vt.或prep.后。Tome lost his life in the big fire.He is a student.用以表述主語的特征、狀態(tài)、身份等。由n.或adj.擔(dān)任。置于系動(dòng)詞之后。第4頁/共31頁第五頁，共31頁。除了be 系動(dòng)詞外，還有一些(yxi)動(dòng)詞也可以用作系動(dòng)詞，1)表感官的動(dòng)詞:2) 表轉(zhuǎn)變變化的動(dòng)詞:3)表延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。become, get, grow, turn, go,等remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。第5頁/共31頁第六頁，共

4、31頁。5) 賓補(bǔ)（objective complement） 補(bǔ)充說明賓語的情況 。由n. /adj. /介賓 /分詞(fn c) /不定式等擔(dān)任。They made him king. I consider the book too expensive. 6) 定語（attributive）對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用的表示,通常(tngchng)位于被修飾的成分前。The black bike is mine.( )第6頁/共31頁第七頁，共31頁。說明1：當(dāng)定語修飾不定代詞如：nothing , anything , everything , somethi

5、ng 等時(shí)，定語要放在其后作后置(hu zh)定語 我告訴他一些有趣的事情。 I tell him something interesting . 說明2：不定式、短語或從句作定語時(shí)，也放在被修飾的名詞之后。 這間屋子里的男孩子們是10班的。 The boys in the room are in Class Ten. 第7頁/共31頁第八頁，共31頁。7) 狀語(zhungy)（adverbial）用以修飾adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置靈活。通常在句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)之后，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)放在句首；修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，通常位于被修飾的詞之前；表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的的狀語一般位于句子兩頭，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)放在句首

6、，一些表示不確定時(shí)間（如：often）或程度(chngd)（如：almost）的副詞狀語通常位于be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，動(dòng)詞之前。I am very sorry.We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher . （從句(cn j)作時(shí)間狀語) 第8頁/共31頁第九頁，共31頁。句子(j zi)類型簡單句并列句復(fù)合句第9頁/共31頁第十頁，共31頁。.簡單句1. Things changed.2. Trees are green.3. We dont beat children.4. He gave his

7、sister the piano.5. I found the book easy. 主 + 謂主 + 謂 + 表主 + 謂 + 賓主 + 謂 + 間接(jin ji)賓語 + 直接賓語 主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ)第10頁/共31頁第十一頁，共31頁。Nobody went.She became a doctor.The car caught fire.I will write you a long letter.I will let him go. Practice 主 + 謂主 + 謂 + 表主 + 謂 + 賓主 + 謂 + 間接賓語(bny) + 直接賓語(bny)主 + 謂 + 賓

8、+ 賓補(bǔ)第11頁/共31頁第十二頁，共31頁。.并列句This is me and these are my friends. They must stay in water, or they will die. Its not cheap, but it is very good. It was late, so I went to bed. andorbut soHe knocked at the door; there was no answer.Youre alive! And shes dead.第12頁/共31頁第十三頁，共31頁。名詞(mng c)性從句狀語(zhungy)從句定

9、語(dngy)從句主語從句表語從句賓語從句同位語從句.復(fù)合句A plane is a machine that can fly.He said that he didnt like her.第13頁/共31頁第十四頁，共31頁。狀語(zhungy)從句分為九類：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、結(jié)果、 目的、條件(tiojin)、讓步、方式、程度1) 時(shí)間狀語(zhungy)從句Wait until you are called.When spring came, leaves turn green.常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, wh

10、ile, as soon as, whenever等第14頁/共31頁第十五頁，共31頁。2) 地點(diǎn)狀語(zhungy)從句Put it where you found it.Sit down wherever you like.常用(chn yn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：where, wherever, anywhere3) 原因狀語(zhungy)從句As I didnt know the way, I asked a policeman常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：because, as, since第15頁/共31頁第十六頁，共31頁。4) 結(jié)果(ji gu)狀語從句I was in the bath so t

11、hat I didnt hear the telephone.常用(chn yn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：so, so that, such that, that 5) 目的狀語(zhungy)從句Ill show you so you will see how its done.常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：so, so that, in order that第16頁/共31頁第十七頁，共31頁。6) 條件狀語(zhungy)從句If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.常用(chn yn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：if, unless, in case that, on cond

12、ition that常用(chn yn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：though, although, if even if, even though,7) 讓步狀語從句Though Im fond of music,I cant play any instrument.第17頁/共31頁第十八頁，共31頁。常用(chn yn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：as, as if, as though, how常用(chn yn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：so, so that, as far as, so long as8) 方式狀語(zhungy)從句He did just as you told him.9) 程度狀語從句So long

13、as you need me, Ill stay. 第18頁/共31頁第十九頁，共31頁。Homework1.復(fù)習(xí)今天所學(xué)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)2.自行復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句(cn j)的內(nèi)容(必修三)3.看試卷,做相應(yīng)知識點(diǎn).第19頁/共31頁第二十頁，共31頁。名詞(mng c)性從句1) 主語(zhy)從句* What he said is not known.* That we shall be late is certain.* It is certain that we shall be late.* How strange it is that the children are so quiet!

14、第20頁/共31頁第二十一頁，共31頁。2）表語(bioy)從句* That is what he wants to buy. * The problem is that who we can get to replace her?* The reason is that he has lied to me several times. 第21頁/共31頁第二十二頁，共31頁。3) 賓語(bny)從句* I understand that he is well qualified.* He said that he didnt like her. * I dont know if you ca

15、n help me.第22頁/共31頁第二十三頁，共31頁。4) 同位語從句(cn j)* Where did you get the idea that I couldnt come?* The question who should do the work requires consideration.* Mother made a promise that she would buy me a new coat.the ideaThe questiona promise第23頁/共31頁第二十四頁，共31頁。注意(zh y)！* that與what都可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。* what在從句

16、中充當(dāng)句子(j zi)成份（主,賓,表）。* That在句中只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)成份。* that在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)不可省略（賓語從句除外）.That is what he wants to buy.That we shall be late is certain.He said (that) he didnt like her.引導(dǎo)(yndo)詞that & what 第24頁/共31頁第二十五頁，共31頁。狀語(zhungy)從句分為九類：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、結(jié)果、 目的、條件(tiojin)、讓步、方式、程度1) 時(shí)間(shjin)狀語從句Wait until you are called

17、.When spring came, leaves turn green.常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等第25頁/共31頁第二十六頁，共31頁。2) 地點(diǎn)狀語(zhungy)從句Put it where you found it.Sit down wherever you like.常用(chn yn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：where, wherever, anywhere3) 原因狀語(zhungy)從句As I didnt know the way, I asked a

18、 policeman常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：because, as, since第26頁/共31頁第二十七頁，共31頁。4) 結(jié)果(ji gu)狀語從句I was in the bath so that I didnt hear the telephone.常用(chn yn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：so, so that, such that, that 5) 目的狀語(zhungy)從句Ill show you so you will see how its done.常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：so, so that, in order that第27頁/共31頁第二十八頁，共31頁。6) 條件(tiojin)狀語從句If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.常用(chn yn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：if, unless, in case that, on condition that常用(chn yn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：though, although, if even if, even though,7) 讓步狀語從句Though Im fond o