人教版(新教材)高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 1　Science and Scientists課時(shí)作業(yè)2：Reading and Thinking-Comprehending

1、Reading and ThinkingComprehending提示：文章中加灰底的詞匯為本單元的詞匯，請(qǐng)?jiān)陂喿x語(yǔ)境中牢記。I .閱讀理解AThe disease malaria(瘧疾)has caused trouble to mankind throughout history.In the 1860s as the drug called chloroquine began to lose its effectiveness, malaria began to appear again in Southeast Asia.Every country in the world then

2、poured | huge amounts of human resources into discovering another anti-malaria drug.In 1964, China put forward the plan to seek a breakthrough from among traditional Chinese medicinal drugs.There was no great discovery until 1981.When Chinese scientist Tu Youyou gave a speech titled “Chemical Resear

3、ch into Artemisinin(青蒿素) at an international conference of the WHO.The speech was regarded as a lifeline for malaria sufferers.Tu Youyou graduated from the Medical College of Peking University.In 1969, just as the research into treating malaria had reached dead end, the 39-year-old Tu, in order to o

4、vercome this terrible problem, took on the job as head of a research team into this problem.The first thing Tu did was interview experienced doctors of Chinese medicine.Then she and her colleagues conducted various kinds of experiments on hundreds of kinds of Chinese medicinal herbs， including artem

5、isinin.However, the results were disappointing: even those involving artemisinin, which had been universally well regarded, were less than satisfactory.But later, when Tu found a relevant passage written by Ge Hong of the Eastern Jin Dynasty(317-420)， it occurred to her that high temperatures destro

6、y artemisinin s effectiveness: it needs a low temperature to work properly.The discovery pointed to a brand-new direction for Tu and her research team.Finally, in 1972, an extract(# R40) of it was found to be one hundred percent effective against the disease!In 2000 the WHO announced artemisinin was

7、 a leading anti-malarial drug, and promoted it worldwide.So far, it has been playing a great role in the battle against malaria.Beginning at the age of 39, Tu devoted her life to her research.In 2015, at the age of 85 and as the first Chinese scientist, she received a Nobel Prize in physiology or me

8、dicine.How did Tu manage to accomplish such a great achievement? You probably have the answer to that already.語(yǔ)篇解讀 這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了屠呦呦對(duì)青蒿素的研究歷程，青蒿素被認(rèn)為是瘧 疾患者的救命稻草。85歲的屠呦呦是第一位獲得諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的中國(guó)科學(xué)家。What can be learnt about “ chloroquine “ from Paragraph 1 ? A It contributed to Tu s great discovery.B It was d

9、iscovered by experts in Southeast Asia.It was a breakthrough out of Chinese medicine.It used to be effective against the disease of malaria.K答案I DK解 析1 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“In the 1860s as the drug called chloroquine began to lose its effectiveness, malaria began to appear again in Southeast Asia.” 可知，氯喳過(guò)去

10、對(duì)瘧疾 是有效的。應(yīng)選D。What did Tu Youyou do after reading a passage by Ge Hong?She interviewed doctors to collect their experience.B She attempted to heat the extract at a low temperature.She made necessary adjustments in each stage of her research.She expanded access to the anti-malarial drug around the wor

11、ld.K答案U B工解 析U 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的 u But later, when Tu found a relevant passage written by Ge Hong of the Eastern Jin Dynasty(317-420), it occurred to her that high temperatures destroy artemisinins effectiveness: it needs a low temperature to work properly.可次口，屠呦呦讀 了 葛 洪的一篇文章后她試圖低溫加熱提取物。應(yīng)選B。Which of the

12、 following can best summarize the main reason for Tu s success?A. You reap what you sow.B Actions speak louder than words.C Don t claim to know what you don t know.D. Live and learn through your mistakes or experience.K答案AK解 析I推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后四句可知，屠呦呦腳踏實(shí)地，畢生都投入到青蒿素的研究當(dāng)中，所以“一分耕耘，一分收獲”最能概括屠呦呦成功的主要原因。應(yīng)選A

13、。BMadame Curie, the youngest of the five children, was born in Warsaw, Poland in 1867.Marie Curie s maiden name was Manya.Her parents were teachers, and she learned the importance of education at a very early age.No higher education was offered to women in Poland at that time, so Manya took a job as

14、 a tutor.She sent part of her income to Paris to help pay for her elder sistery s medical studies.Her sister qualified as a doctor and married a fellow doctor in 1891.Manya went to joined them in Paris, changing her name to Marie.She entered the Sorbonne (now the University of Paris) and studied phy

15、sics and mathematics, graduating at the top of her class.For the research she wanted to do, she was introduced to another young scientist, Pierre Curie.Later, they fell in love with each other.After she was rewarded the Nobel Prize, fame troubled Marie Curie and also her husband, because science was

16、 their world and in this world of science, fame and honor to persons had no value.One day when a writer for a newspaper tried to ask Marie about herself, her thoughts and her beliefs, she answered him, “In science we must be interested in things, not in persons.Much of the real character and spirit

17、of this unusual woman was found in these few words, which she was later often to repeat.One evening, at a big party, a friend asked if she would like to meet the King of Greece, who was also a guest.She answered in her simple manner, I don, t see the value of it. Then, seeing that she hurt the feeli

18、ng of her friend, she quickly added, But.but.of course, I shall do whatever you please.Just as you please.”語(yǔ)篇解讀 居里夫人是一位偉大的科學(xué)家。本文簡(jiǎn)要介紹了她在成為科學(xué)家前后的生活。 從她的言辭中可以看出她淡泊名利的個(gè)性和人品。What did Marie Curie once do to help pay for her elder sister? s medical studies?A. She was a teacher.B She was a doctor.C She was

19、a tutor.D. She was a waitress.K答案I cK解 析X 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句和第五句可知，居里夫人曾經(jīng)做過(guò)家庭女教師， 并用自己的局部收入資助姐姐上學(xué)。. What was valuable to Marie Curie?Science and research.Fame and honor.Character and spirits.Persons and things.K答案AK解 析I 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段首句可推知，居里夫人和她丈夫更看重科學(xué)和研究，名 利對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)有任何價(jià)值。The writer for a newspaper was inte

20、rested in ,A. thingsB. Marie CurieC. Marie s husbandD. personsK答案U DK解 析U 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，給報(bào)社寫稿的人試圖向居里夫人了解有關(guān) 她的情況，故可推知，這個(gè)人關(guān)注的是“人”。What do you think might have happened between Marie Curie and the King of Greece?A. The King was angry with Marie Curie.B For the sake of her friend Marie Curie met the

21、King of Greece.C The King of Greece wrote a letter to invite Marie Curie to meet him.D. Marie Curie held another party for the King.K答案I BK解 析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句可推知，居里夫人不忍心傷害朋友的感情，她會(huì)順從朋友，去見希臘國(guó)王。CPeople tend to become more personal and hide less of themselves when using email.Researchers from Open Unive

22、rsity in Britain have found in a recent study that there are good reasons for this.The team of researchers asked 83 pairs of students, all strangers to each other, to solve a problem.They had to discuss this question: If only five people in the world could be saved from a world disaster, who should

23、they be? The pairs of students had to talk over the problem either face to face or by computers.Dr Johnson said, “They told their partners four times as much about themselves when they talked over the Internet as when they talked face to face.When the computers were fitted with cameras so that stude

24、nts could see each other, this limited the personal side of the conversation.”Generally the information was not extremely personal.lt was mainly about things such as where they went to school, or where they used to live.But some students discussed their love stories, and personal childhood experienc

25、es.Dr Johnson believes that emailing encourages people to focus on themselves.And when they do this, they become more open, especially if there are no cameras. If you cannot see the other person, it becomes easier to talk about yourself.This is because you are not thinking what the other person is t

26、hinking of you.So emailing has become the modern way of talking, “ said Dr Johnson.However, this style of talking is not entirely new. In the 19th century people started to use the telegraphJ to communicate.Now the same kind of thing has happened and people ended up speaking more freely.Dr Johnson t

27、hinks that emailers need to know about these effects of emailing, especially when they start work in a company. If you don t know about it, you could find yourself saying more about yourself than you wanted to. ”語(yǔ)篇說(shuō)明 這是一篇說(shuō)明文。人們?cè)谑褂秒娮余]件時(shí)，更多表達(dá)自己想要表達(dá)的，很少隱 藏自己的私人信息，對(duì)此短文分析了電子郵件使用者能這么做的理由。The subject discu

28、ssed in this passage is A. how people open up when emailingB how people do research studiesC. how to communicate at workD. how to discuss and solve a problemK答案U AK解 析I主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，人們?cè)谑褂秒娮余]件時(shí)，更多表達(dá)自己想要表達(dá)的， 很少隱藏自己的私人信息，對(duì)此短文分析了電子郵件使用者能這么做的理由。所以短文主要 講的是人們?cè)诎l(fā)郵件時(shí)如何敞開心扉。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。The reason that some couples tal

29、ked freely about themselves is that .they didn t talk about very personal thingsB they couldn t see each otherthe cameras on the computers were turned onthey had to discuss a questionK答案BK解 析U 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的 “They told their partners four times as much about themselves when they talked over the Inter

30、net as when they talked face to face.When the computers were fitted with cameras so that students could see each other, this limited the personal side of the conversation.”可知，一些伙伴暢所欲言的原因是他們看不見對(duì)方。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。What does the underlined sentence refer to?A. The telegraph.B The computer.C. Emailing.D. Face-to-fa

31、ce talk.K答案I cK解 析I 詞句猜想題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“So emailing has become the modern way of talking.v和“people ended up speaking more freely. ”可知，所以電子郵件已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代的談 話方式，而且人們說(shuō)話也更自由了。所以通過(guò)上下文語(yǔ)境可以判斷出，畫線詞指的是“電子 郵件”。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。In the writer? s opinion, one should .focus on oneself when emailingtalk more freely in emails than usual

32、discuss any subject that one wants toconsider how one uses email at workK答案DK解 析I推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可推斷出，在作者看來(lái)，一個(gè)人應(yīng)該考慮一下如何在工作中使用電子郵件。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。n.七選五Walking music is any type of music that a person uses to help him or her walk and maintain a steady pace and rhythm during exercise. 12 If someone is not interest

33、ed in the workout and is walking to enjoy the scenery or just to get outside, then music could also be chosen.The music chosen as walking music will usually be music that he or she finds especially motivating.This may not be as fast paced as music chosen for running. 13 How it is chosen will depend

34、a great deal upon the musical preferences of a person.14 Someone else, however, may find such music too relaxing and prefer modern rock and roll, jazz, hip hop.Regardless of the actual music itself, the intention is for a person to find music that helps him or her keep feet moving.Thus, the exercise

35、 becomes easier and requires less focus.This is especially helpful for someone to increase the effectiveness of walking as a form of exercise.In this type of situation, a person might choose walking music that allows him or her to disappear into the music and not focus on the act of walking. 15Someone else, however, might choose walking music that motivates him or her to push himself or herself harder and walk faster or