小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解練習(xí)及復(fù)習(xí)資料

1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解練習(xí)及復(fù)習(xí)資料4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es， 如：knife-knives leafleaves5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)： man-men, woman-women, child-children； foot-feet；tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep deer-deer 中日不變，英法變 Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen, Frenchman-Frenchmen2020/12/192寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) I _ him

2、_ this _ her _watch _ child _ photo _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _ box_ tea_ strawberry _diary _ rice_thief _ you _peach _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_milk_ sandwich _water_ wethemthesethemwatcheschildrenphotosdaysfeetbooksdressesteethsheepboxesdiariesstrawberriesthievesyoupeachesmenwomensandwi

3、ches2020/12/193一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能:1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。 如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。 如：I get up at six every day.我天天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。 如：The earth goes around the sun. 地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 2020/12/194一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成:be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ) + be (am, is, are) +其它。 如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ) + 行為動(dòng)詞 + 其它。 如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。

4、 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it)時(shí)，要 在動(dòng)詞后加“-s”或“-es” 如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。2020/12/195一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化 1. be 動(dòng)詞的變化： 否定句：主語(yǔ) + be not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑問(wèn)句：Be + 主語(yǔ) + 其它? 如：- Are you a student? - Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 一般疑問(wèn)句必須用yes/no 回答，答句的 主語(yǔ)必須是代詞。 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 + 一般疑問(wèn)句? 如：- Where is my bike? - It

5、s there, under the tree.2020/12/1962.行為動(dòng)詞的變化： 否定句：主語(yǔ) + dont (doesnt) +動(dòng)詞原形 +其它。 如：I dont like bread. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句 如： He doesnt often play. 一般疑問(wèn)句：Do (Does) +主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它？ 如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句 如：- Does she go to work by bike?

6、- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 + 一般疑問(wèn)句？ 如：- How do you go to school? - I go to school on foot.2020/12/197動(dòng)詞 單數(shù)第三人稱（簡(jiǎn)稱：?jiǎn)稳┑淖兓?guī)則: 1一般情況下，直接加 s 如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s, x, sh, ch, o結(jié)尾，加 es 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加 es 如：study-studies20

7、20/12/198一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. _ your parents _(read) news

8、papers every day?7. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.8. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.drinksgoesstaysmakeslookshaspassescarrieshasaredont watchdoesnt goDo likeDoreadteachestake2020/12/199三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)_I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否

9、定回答)_She likes milk.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答)_ _4. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_Daniel doesnt watch TV every evening.Do you do your homework every day?No, I dont.Does she like milk?Yes, she does.We dont go to school every morning.2020/12/1910五、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上)1. Isyour brother speak English? _2.

10、 Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _Does _likeplaying / to play_teaches_doesnt_2020/12/1911現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用法: 現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作， 當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句：be +V-ing.3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句：be + not。4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑

11、問(wèn)句：be 句首。5、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句： 疑問(wèn)詞+be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+doing+其它？ 疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問(wèn)詞+be動(dòng)詞+doing+其它?2020/12/1912動(dòng)詞+ing的變化規(guī)則:1一般情況下，直接 加 ing， 如：cook - cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去 e 加 ing， 如：make - making, taste - tasting3假如末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母， 雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加 ing 如：run - running, stop - stopping2020/12/1913現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：run _ s

12、wim _ make_ begin_ go _ like _ write _ shop _ have_ sing_ dance _ put _ see _ love _ live _ take _ come _get _ stop _ sit _ smoke_ runningswimmingmakingbeginninggoinglikingwritingshoppinghavingsingingdancingputtingseeinglovinglivingtakingcominggettingstoppingsittingsmoking2020/12/1914二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空

13、：1.The boy _( draw) a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _(sing) in the classroom . 3. My mother _(cook)some nice foodnow.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _ (have) an English lesson .is drawingare singingis cookingaredoingare having2020/12/1915三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：They are doing housework . (分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定

14、句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)_Are they doing housework?They arent doing housework.Are the students cleaning the classroom?Yes, they are.No, they arent.2020/12/1916一 般 將 來(lái) 時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及 打算、計(jì)劃或預(yù)備做某事。 句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： tomorrow, next day (week, month, year),soon,

15、the day after tomorrow 等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to do； will be / do. 2020/12/1917三、否定句：be going to do be not going to dowill be / do wont be / do例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. I will go to Beijing next month. I wont go to Beijing next month.四、一般疑

16、問(wèn)句： be或will提到句首;如果有some，改為any; 如果有 and，改為or；第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend. 2020/12/1918五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。 一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況:1、問(wèn)人。(Who) 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2、問(wèn)干什么。(What do)例如： My father is going

17、 to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3、問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。(When)例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?2020/12/1919練習(xí)：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。

18、What _ _ _ _ _next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.(同義句)3. 你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買(mǎi)一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面? What time _ you _ _ meet?amgoingtowillareyougoingtodoamgoingtoIsgoingtoweekendisisgoingtoaregoingto2020/12/1920一般過(guò)去時(shí)1功能： 表示過(guò)去某個(gè)

19、時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)， 常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，be的變化： am 和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=werent）3謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是其他實(shí)意動(dòng)詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞變過(guò)去式，否定和 疑問(wèn)借用助動(dòng)詞did如：I went to school at 8 oclock yesterday. Jim didnt go home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday.2020/12/1921動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，

20、如：work-worked , 2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：live-lived 3重讀的“輔元輔”結(jié)構(gòu)（末尾只有一個(gè)元音 字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)），雙寫(xiě) 末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed 如：stop-stopped， begin - beginning /bgn/4以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed， 如：study-studied2020/12/19225不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式： am/is-was, eat-ate are-were, take-took, do-did, run-ran, see-saw, sing-sang, say-said, put-put, give-gav

21、e, make-made, get-got, read-read, go-went, write-wrote, come-came, draw-drew, have-had, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat2020/12/1923一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5.

22、 She likes _ newspapers, but she _a book yesterday. (read)6. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.7. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.washadjumpedmilkedreadingreadDidsweepdidntwatched2020/12/1924形容詞和副詞2020/12/1925形容詞： 是修飾名詞（人或事物），表示名詞的性質(zhì)、 特征或?qū)傩砸环N詞類。它在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。形容詞和副詞的概念副詞：是用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞

23、及其他副詞的詞。副詞在句中多作狀語(yǔ)。2020/12/1926形容詞和副詞的用法形容詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾 的名詞之前。 如: a new book, two big trees 等。形容詞作表語(yǔ)放在系動(dòng)詞be 、look、 get、 keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 grow、 smell等之后。如:1. I am short. 2. She looks fine. 3. They turn green.2020/12/1927如果形容詞修飾不定代詞something, anything, everything, nothing等時(shí)，要放在不定代詞后面。如: someth

24、ing interesting， nothing new副詞放在所修飾的be動(dòng)詞之后、行為動(dòng)詞之前； 形容詞和副 詞之前。如: 1.She works hard . （修飾動(dòng)詞） 2.I am very busy. （修飾形容詞） 3.He runs too quickly. （修飾副詞） 4.We play happily. （修飾動(dòng)詞）2020/12/1928通常在形容詞后加-ly變成副詞。slow _ real _usual _ careful_easy _ happy _heavy _ angry _slowlyusuallyeasilyheavilyreallycarefullyha

25、ppilyangrily2020/12/1929形容詞和副詞的級(jí)一、形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形容詞和副詞有三個(gè)等級(jí)： 原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)1.原級(jí)：即形容詞和副詞的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly 2020/12/19302.比較級(jí)：兩個(gè)人或物之間的比較表示“較”或“更一些”標(biāo)志詞：than (比) 構(gòu)成：A.單音節(jié)詞通常是-er結(jié)尾； B.多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前 加more.The watermelon is bigger than the apple. 西瓜比蘋(píng)果大。 2020/12/1

26、9313.最高級(jí)：三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物之間 的比較。表示“最”的意思。單音節(jié)詞通常是-est結(jié)尾；多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié) 詞通常在之前加most. Beijing is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.北京是世界上最美麗的城市之一。2020/12/1932二、不規(guī)則變化：2020/12/1933三、翻譯句子：1、誰(shuí)比Jim年紀(jì)大？是你。 _ is _than Jim？_ are.2.我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。 I like _.All my_ _than me. 3.誰(shuí)的鉛筆更長(zhǎng)，他的還是她的？我想是她的。 _pencil

27、is _,_or _？ _is, I think.4.我母親比我父親年紀(jì)小。 My_ _ _than my _. 5.多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，你會(huì)更強(qiáng)壯。 _ more exercise, youll _soon. 2020/12/1934There be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某人/物2、在there be 句型中，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be 動(dòng)詞用is ; 主語(yǔ) 是復(fù)數(shù)，be 動(dòng)詞用are ; 如有幾件物品，be 動(dòng)詞根據(jù) 最近be 動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定(就近原則)。3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動(dòng)詞后加not , 一般疑問(wèn) 句把be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。202

28、0/12/1935 There be- 的構(gòu)成There be + 某物 / 某人 + 某地 表示：某地有某物或某人 1: There is a girl and two boys in the picture.2: There are two boys and a girl in the picture. 就近原則 be動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式要跟there be之后的第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致，如果第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞用is，如果第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)用are。there 是個(gè)近視眼。 2020/12/1936treecatThere is a cat under the tree.There are t

29、hree birds in the tree.bird請(qǐng)使用There be- 描述下圖2020/12/1937There is a radio on the desk. There be- 的一般疑問(wèn)句 Is there a radio on the desk ? Yes, there is. / No, there isnt.There are some shoes under the bed. Are there any shoes under the bed? Yes, there are. / No, there arent.規(guī)則： is/are要提前, some 變any,其他都不

30、變2020/12/1938There be 句型的否定形式1. There is a knife in the kitchen.否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.2. There are five apples on the tree.否定:There are not five apples on the tree.3. There is some ink in the bottle.否定:There is not any ink in the bottle. 規(guī)則：be詞后面加not, some 變anyisntarent2020/12/19391.There_many monkeys in the mountain.2.There_a beautiful garden in our school.3.There _some water in the glass.4.There _some bread on the table.5. _there any maps on the wall?6. There _twenty desks in our classroom.7. There_a bird in the tree.8. There _some trees near the house. 9. _there a cup