高三英語應(yīng)用文寫作之議論文

1、高三英語應(yīng)用文寫作之議論文文體分析議論文是以議論為主要表達(dá)方式，運(yùn)用一定的材料通過一定的論證方法來表明自己的立場(chǎng)、 觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度的文體。議論文一般由論題、論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證和結(jié)論構(gòu)成。在議論文中，作 者先就論題(某一問題或現(xiàn)象)提出論點(diǎn)，然后輔之以相關(guān)的論據(jù)，并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行邏輯和 理論上的論證，以使讀者同意自己的看法，最終得出結(jié)論。議論文寫作的要點(diǎn)如下：.論點(diǎn)鮮明一篇議論文只能有一個(gè)中心論點(diǎn)，通常在文章的第一段提出。行文中，以議論為主，說明、 敘述和描寫等為輔。.論證合理論證包括論據(jù)選擇和論證方式。在論據(jù)選擇上，可選擇的材料有事實(shí)、統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)、引言、 案例等。以英語為母語的寫作者傾向于“讓事實(shí)說話

2、“，往往引用事實(shí)、統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)等來作例 證。.結(jié)論簡潔英語議論文的結(jié)尾段往往是對(duì)前面的論證進(jìn)行總結(jié)性闡述，一般不需要進(jìn)行較長的論述， 更忌諱提出新的論點(diǎn)。.寫作框架結(jié)構(gòu)議論文的結(jié)構(gòu)一般分為三部分：引言：簡單闡釋要討論的主題。主體：一般可提出兩、三個(gè)論據(jù)，并分別進(jìn)行闡述。結(jié)論：往往用一、兩句話提出自己的看法、意見或建議，從而結(jié)束文章。要注意與引言段 呼應(yīng)，但不能照搬前面的原話。.文章的展開要注意段落間的有機(jī)聯(lián)系一般來說，議論文每段應(yīng)有主題句來確定觀點(diǎn)，讓人一目了然。行文中適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用過渡句 可以表現(xiàn)出文章的邏輯性。.常用句式(1)引言段Many students have been faced wit

3、h the problem of.Recently the problem has been brought into focus.Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.Recently the issue has aroused a great concern among.Nowadays there is a growing concern over.Faced with., quite a few people argue that.According to a recent survey,.Witli the rapid d

4、evelopment of economy/society., Recently we held/have held a discussion about whether. When it comes to.,.（2）主體段（D As is known to all, . play（s） an important part/role in our daily life/modern society. Howeve工 different people have difierent opinions.Some people/The majority of the students think it

5、 （is） a good idea/important/useful/convenient for. to do.Others argue/claim that the opposite is tnie.However, as every com has rvo sides, . also has its disadvantages.（3）結(jié)論段（D There is probably some trutli in both argiimeiits/statemeiits. but.From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conc

6、lusion that.It is high tune that we took measures to /Wed better take effective measures to prevent.It is necessary that steps should be taken to.In conclusion, it is iiiortant that.To solve the above-mentioned problem（s）, we must.In summary, if we continue to ignore the issue, more problems will co

7、me up.Takmg all these mto account, we.7.常用寫作模板【模板一】利弊對(duì)比型Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）（論題）,In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in（論題）.Generally speaking, it is widely believed that there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly.（優(yōu)點(diǎn)一） Secondly,（

8、優(yōu)點(diǎn)二）.Just as a popular saying goes. Every coin has two sides.”（論題）is no exception, and in other words, it still has negative aspects. To begin with,（缺點(diǎn)一）.In addition,（缺點(diǎn)二）.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of（論題）into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same t

9、ime. In that case, we will definitely make better use of the（論題，【模板二】正反觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比型The topic of（論題）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two different opinions toward it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason that（支持 A 的理由一）, What is more/Moreoven（理由二）. La

10、st but not least,（理由三）.While others think that B is a better choice for the following three reasons. Firstly,（支持 B 的理由一）.Secondly/Besides,（理由二）. Thirdly/Finally, （理由三）.From my point of view, I think（自己的觀點(diǎn)）,The reason is that（原因）.Therefore, for me, the former is surely a wiser choice【模板三】理由影響分析型Nowad

11、ays,（一個(gè)具體的社會(huì)/經(jīng)濟(jì)/環(huán)境問題或現(xiàn)象）has increasingly become a common concern of the public. According to a survey,（說明這種現(xiàn)象的情況或 舉一個(gè)例子）.There are a couple of reasons leading to this problem/phenomenon. For one thing, （理由一）；for another,（理由二）. What is more,（理由三）.（這個(gè)社會(huì)問題或現(xiàn)象）has caused the following impact on the soci

12、ety and our daily life. First,（影響一）.Second.（影響二）.On the basis of the above discussion. I can easily forecast that more and more people will（作出某種反應(yīng)）.寫作示例近日，你們班就中學(xué)生該不該進(jìn)行軍訓(xùn)進(jìn)行了討論.針對(duì)這一討論，請(qǐng)你寫一篇英語短文， 發(fā)表你的看法。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下：1.提高紀(jì)律意識(shí)和合作精神：2.軍訓(xùn)內(nèi)容；3.你的看法。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)行，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯:軍訓(xùn)military training【解析】（1）明確寫

13、作要求本題要求寫一篇議論文。文章的中心論點(diǎn)是：中學(xué)生該不該進(jìn)行軍訓(xùn)？對(duì)于陳述事實(shí)的議 論文，時(shí)態(tài)選用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，人稱要用第三人稱。在句法方面，多用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。（2）確定文章結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)第一段：軍訓(xùn)的好處一提高紀(jì)律意識(shí)和合作精神：第二段：軍訓(xùn)的內(nèi)容和自己的看法；第三段：言簡意賅地得出最后結(jié)論?！緟⒖挤段摹縏he aim of military training is to develop a sense of discipline and teamwork in students and students are expected to experience the hardships to i

14、mprove their strong will. It cant be denied that training programs have played a positive role in the physical and spiritual development of students.But for a student, the military training is often considered boring because he just follows a dull way of exercise, for example, standing in the sun or

15、 running for a long time. The exercise is too much for some students who are weak physically. Though asked to do basic exercise, students should be permitted to do it based on their physical conditions.In a word, it is necessary for students to be trained.練習(xí)1“如果你想強(qiáng)壯，跑步吧；如果你想健美，跑步吧：如果你想聰明，跑步吧?！边@是2500

16、年 前古希臘的名言。請(qǐng)寫一篇英語短文，談?wù)勼w育運(yùn)動(dòng)的利與弊。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)行，以使行文連貫。One possible version：There is no denying that sports benefit us in many aspects. Firstly, taking exercise can build up our physical strength. Furthermore. sports enrich our life and keep us psychologically healthy. In team sports like bask

17、etball volleyball or football, we will learn the importance of cooperation as well.However, as the saying goes, 4 Every coin has two sides. And sports are no exception. We may hurt other players or ourselves if not careful enough. Whats more, excessive training can do harm to our health, even make u

18、s disabled.As for me, sports can make us healthy both physically and mentally. Its also a good way for people to know each other and it can promote friendship between people. So long as we are careful enough, sports can do us nothing but good.練習(xí)2最新調(diào)查指出，人際關(guān)系正被“人機(jī)關(guān)系所取代，甚至有網(wǎng)友調(diào)侃：世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離， 是我在你而前，而你在低頭看手

19、機(jī)。請(qǐng)用英語寫一篇短文給某英文報(bào)投稿，要點(diǎn)包括：1.描 述這一現(xiàn)象：2.分析其原因及弊端；3.給出解決建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右：2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。One possible version：As is often the case, when people are having meals or waiting for buses, you can always find them addicted to their phones, completely ignoring others.This is really a common phenomenon in our l

20、ife. The reason is that smartphones nowadays can be used for people to play mobile games and keep in touch with others through QQ and WeChat. However, too much exposure to phones is bad for people in terms of health. Moreover, people engaged in phones fail to communicate well with those around them.

21、As far as I am concerned, people should make good use of their phones and care more about their family and friends.練習(xí)3假如你叫李華，從某網(wǎng)站上看到下而的調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)表，感觸很深。請(qǐng)你寫信給某英語報(bào)社, 簡要分析出現(xiàn)這一現(xiàn)象的原因并談?wù)勛约旱目捶ā?.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)行，以使行文連貫One possible version：Dear editorIt can be seen easily from the above chart that American students spend

22、 72 minutes on physical activities per day, and those in Korea 42 minutes. However, Chinese students have only 12 minutes for physical activities per day.The reasons lie in the following. Almost all the time is spent on lessons for Chinese students and they are made by parents to concentrate on thei

23、r study even after school. Thus there is little time left for their physical activities.In my opinion, high grades are not the most important. Students should be given enough time to do physical exercise. Only in this way can they develop themselves from all aspects.Yours,Lihua練習(xí)4窮游目前是一種很時(shí)尚的旅游方式。它讓很多經(jīng)濟(jì)不寬裕的人也能享受旅游的樂趣，因此 它受到越來越多人的喜愛。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列表格中的提示，就“窮游”這一現(xiàn)象用英語寫一篇短 文。.描述這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。.分析窮游的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)：自由安排旅程，節(jié)省開支 食宿條件艱苦，不安全 3.闡述你的看法。