《大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語》教案（英文）Book 3 Unit 10 Teaching plan

1、Unit 10Unit TenI. ObjectivesTo get to know some basic background of the author, Rachel Carson and some of his worksTo understand the main ideas of the text and summarize itTo improve some of the basic reading skills like scanning and skimming used for different reading purposesTo learn to appreciate

2、 a narrative piece of writingII. Teaching Emphasis: 1. The comprehension and appreciation of Text I;2. New words and expressions: flicker, abundance, migrate, blight, malady, moribund, throb, brood, pollination, spectra, stark, counterpart, reserve, inhabitant, stabilize, hypothesis, in terms, level

3、 offIII. Teaching Procedures ( 8 teaching hours)Lead-inMovie ClipQuotesMovie ClipWatch the movie clip and answer the following questions. 1. What happened when Jack was working with the drill?The whole shelf was breaking off.2. What would the Kyoto Accord bring to the world economy?It would cost the

4、 worlds economy hundreds of billions of dollars.Discussion: Today some people hold that protecting the environment constitutes a net expense to our economy. What do you think of this view? Is there a conflict between the economy and the environment? What shall we do when facing such a conflict if it

5、 does exist? Have a discussion with your partner.Script- I didnt do anything.- Give me your hand! Let go of the drill!- Forget it, Jack! Its too late!- Youre not gonna make it! Jack! Jack! Give me your hand! Ive got you! What were you thinking?- Whats happening? - The whole damn shelf is breaking of

6、f! Thats whats happening!- What weve found locked to these ice cores is evidence of a cataclysmic climate shift, which occurred around 10,000 years ago. The concentration of these natural greenhouse gases in the ice cores indicates that runaway warming pushed the planet into an ice age which lasted

7、two centuries.- Im confused. I thought you were talking about global warming, not an ice age.- Yes, it is a paradox, but global warming can trigger a cooling trend. Let me explain. The Northern Hemisphere owes its typical climate to the North Atlantic Current. Heat from the sun arrives at the equato

8、r and is carried north by the ocean. But global warming is melting the polar ice caps and disrupting this flow. Eventually it will shut down. And when that occurs, there goes our warm climate.- Excuse me. When do you think this could happen, professor? When?- I dont know. Maybe in 100 years, maybe i

9、n 1,000. But what I do know is that if we do not act soon, it is our children and grandchildren who will have to pay the price.- And whos going to pay the price of the Kyoto Accord? It would cost the worlds economy hundreds of billions of dollars.- With all due respect, Mr. Vice President, the cost

10、of doing nothing could be even higher. Our climate is fragile. At the rate were burning fossil fuels and polluting the environment, the ice caps will soon disappear.- Professor Hall, our economy is every bit as fragile as the environment. Perhaps you should keep that in mind before making sensationa

11、list claims.- Well, the last chunk of ice that broke off was about the size of the state of Rhode lsland. Some people might call that pretty sensational.- Stop global warming! Stop global warming!- Im here at the Global Warming Conference in New Delhi, where, if you can believe your eyes, its snowin

12、g. The coldest weather on record has thrown the city into chaos, with numbers of homeless people freezing to death.2. QuotesRead the following quotes and tell your classmates which one is your favorite. State your reasons.Like a shadow that does not permit us to jump over it, but moves with us to ma

13、intain its proper distance, pollution is natures answer to culture. When we have learned to recycle pollution into potent information, we will have passed over completely into the new cultural ecology. William Irwin ThompsonPollution is the forerunner of perdition. John TrappPollution is nothing but

14、 the resources we are not harvesting. We allow them to disperse because weve been ignorant of their value. Richard Buckminster FullerWe stand today poised on a pinnacle of wealth and power, yet we live in a land of vanishing beauty, of increasing ugliness, of shrinking open space and of an overall e

15、nvironment that is diminished daily by pollution and noise and blight. This, in brief, is the quiet conservation crisis. Stewart L. Udall The environment really doesnt care about hourly releases. What matters is the total increase, how much pollution youre bringing into an area. Eric Schaeffer Imagi

16、ne 500 friars eating 500 plates of steaming minestrone every night thats pollution. Gisberto Martelli Theres so much pollution in the air now that if it werent for our lungs thered be no place to put it all. Robert Orben Nature is kind mother, the butcher is grim. YugoNature never deceives us; it is

17、 always us who deceive ourselves. RousseauListening In and Speaking OutNotesListeningSpeaking PracticeNotesthe Great Lakes The Great Lakes are a collection of freshwater lakes located in northeastern North America, on the Canada-United States Border. Consisting of Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Er

18、ie, and Ontario, they form the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total surface and volume. dilute to make (a liquid) thinner or less strong by adding water or another liquidrunoff water from rain or snow that flows over the surface of the ground into streams 徑流hydrologic cycle also known

19、 as the water cycle. It describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. Water can change states among liquid, vapour, and ice at various places in the water cycle. 水循環(huán)acid rain a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic. It can have ha

20、rmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure through the process of wet deposition.incinerator a furnace for waste treatment that usually involves the combustion of organic substances contained in waste materials 焚化爐ListeningListen to the recording and answer the following questions.

21、Why did the pollution of waterways become a national issue in June of 1969?Not mentioned in the article.Why did industries and individuals during the 18th and 19th centuries often use rivers and lakes as garbage cans?Because people at that time believed that water could dilute any substance.What doe

22、s point source pollution refer to?People called it point source pollution when pollutants enter the waterway through a specific entry point, such as a drainpipe draining directly into a river.In what way does nonpoint source pollution differ from point source pollution?Nonpoint source pollution come

23、s from many different spreading sources and is extremely difficult to regulate and control. What is the most well-known form of atmospheric pollution?Acid rain is the most well-known form of atmospheric pollution.ScriptWater PollutionWater pollution is defined as a change in the chemical, physical a

24、nd biological health of a waterway due to human activity. Ways that humans have affected the quality of the Great Lakes water over the centuries include sewage disposal, pollution through heavy metals and pesticides, overdevelopment of the waters edge, and air pollution. Under the belief that water

25、could dilute any substance, industries and individuals during the 18th and 19th centuries often used rivers and lakes as garbage cans. Industrial waste water, raw sewage and bodies of dead animals would often be dumped into waterways, without much thought of pollution and downstream neighbors.This p

26、ractice started changing in the 20th century as people became aware of the importance of clean water to health. However, as more industries and people moved into the Great Lakes region, the more the rivers and lakes became polluted. Today, pollutants enter the Great Lakes in many different ways, but

27、 the main three entryways of pollutants are point source, nonpoint source and atmospheric pollution.Point source pollutionWhen pollutants enter the waterway through a specific entry point, such as a drainpipe draining directly into a river, its called point source pollution. Industrial water dischar

28、ges and sewage treatment plants are the main criminals of this type of pollution. Point source pollutants can include many different organic and inorganic substances, including human waste and poisonous metals. Point source pollution can be traced to a specific discharge point and owner; therefore,

29、it has been the easiest source of pollution to control and regulate.Nonpoint source pollutionIn contrast to point source pollution, nonpoint source pollution comes from many different spreading sources and is extremely difficult to regulate and control; therefore, many experts believe that NPS pollu

30、tion is the top danger facing the Great Lakes today. NPS pollution is mainly caused by runoff, when rain and snowmelt move over the land, picking up pollutants along the way and finally dumping the pollutants into rivers and lakes. Some common NPS pollutants include fertilizers and pesticides from a

31、gricultural lands and homeowners; oil, grease and salt from highways; animal and human waste and so on.Atmospheric pollutionAtmospheric pollution is another form of nonpoint source pollution, though instead of polluting via runoff, the pollution falls from the sky. As water moves through the hydrolo

32、gic cycle, it falls as rain or snow and then evaporates into the air from land and surface water. Pollutants given off into the air, such as through smoke piles, follow this same path, and can be carried through the atmosphere and into waterways hundreds of miles away from its source. Acid rain is t

33、he most well-known form of atmospheric pollution. The major sources of atmospheric pollution include coal-burning energy plants and waste incinerators.Speaking PracticeGive an oral presentation on the summary of the main points of the listening passage.For your reference The key points:water polluti

34、on and its causeswater pollution in the Great Lake regionthree main entryways of pollutants: point source pollutionnonpoint source pollutionatmospheric pollution2. Discuss and comment on the effectiveness of each others oral presentation.3. Work in pairs and take turns to ask and give answers about

35、the following topics:a. Is your life influenced by water pollution?b. What would the world be like if pollution were not to be tackled?c. What actions can you take to protect the environment?TextText I Pre-Reading QuestionsGeneral ReadingBackgroundTextComments on the TextExercisesText IITextQuestion

36、sText IPre-Reading QuestionsWhen you see the title “A Fable for Tomorrow”, what comes into your mind first? What can this fable be about? What are some of the problems relating to the future most people are very concerned about? What do you anticipate from this text? Name several probable topics.For

37、 your reference Some of the problems relating to the future that people are concerned about are:1. pollution2. energy crisis3. population explosion4. terrorism5. World War III6. rapidly growing population of the agedGeneral ReadingRead the text rapidly once to get the main idea. Try to divide the te

38、xt into sensible parts and get the main idea of each part.Part 1 (Para(s). 12) All life in harmony with its surroundingsPart 2 (Para(s). 36) The coming of a strange blightPart 3 (Para(s). 78) The stricken world silenced by people themselvesPart 4 (Para(s). 9) Warning against a grim spectre / a stark

39、 realityBackgroundfable Fable, narrative form, is a literary genre. A fable is a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures, plants, inanimate objects or forces of nature which behave and speak as human beings, told in order to highlight human follies and

40、weaknesses. A moral or lesson for behavior is woven into the story and often explicitly formulated at the end. The Western tradition of fable effectively begins with Aesop, a likely legendary figure to whom is attributed a collection of ancient Greek fables. Modern editions contain up to 200 fables,

41、 but there is no way of tracing their actual origins; the earliest known collection linked to Aesop dates to the 4th century BC.TextA Fable for TomorrowThere was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings. The town lay in the midst of a checker

42、board of prosperous farms, with fields of grain and hillsides of orchards where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields. In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of colour that flamed and flickered across a backdrop of pines. Then foxes barked in the hills and deer

43、silently crossed the fields, half hidden in the mists of the autumn mornings.Along the roads, laurel, viburnum and alder, great ferns and wild flowers, delighted the travellers eye through much of the year. Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, where countless birds came to feed on the

44、 berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow. The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and autumn people travelled from great distances to observe them. Others came to

45、fish the streams, which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay. So it had been from the days many years ago when the first settlers raised their houses, sank their wells and built their barns.Then a strange blight crept over the area and everything began to

46、change. Some evil spell had settled on the community: mysterious maladies swept the flocks of chickens; the cattle and sheep sickened and died. Everywhere was a shadow of death. The farmers spoke of much illness among their families. In the town the doctors had become more and more puzzled by new ki

47、nds of sickness appearing among their patients. There had been several sudden and unexplained deaths not only among adults but even among children, who would be stricken suddenly while at play and die within a few hours.There was a strange stillness. The birds, for example where had they gone? Many

48、people spoke of them, puzzled and disturbed. The feeding stations in the backyards were deserted. The few birds seen anywhere were moribund; they trembled violently and could not fly. It was a spring without voices. On the mornings that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus of robins, catbirds, dov

49、es, jays, wrens, and scores of other bird voices there was now no sound; only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh.On the farms the hens brooded, but no chicks were hatched. The farmers complained that they were unable to raise any pigs the litters were small and the young survived only a

50、 few days. The apple trees were coming into bloom but no bees droned among the blossoms, so there was no pollination and there would be no fruit.The roadsides, once so attractive, were now lined with browned and withered vegetation as though swept by fire. These too, were silent, deserted by all liv

51、ing things. Even the streams were now lifeless. Anglers no longer visited them, for all the fish had died.In the gutters under the eaves and between the shingles of the roofs, white granular powder still showed a few patches; some weeks before it had fallen like snow upon the roofs and the lawns, th

52、e fields and streams.No witchcraft, no enemy action had silenced the rebirth of new life in this stricken world. The people had done it themselves.This town does not actually exist, but it might easily have a thousand counterparts in America or elsewhere in the world. I know of no community that has

53、 experienced all the misfortunes I describe. Yet every one of these disasters has actually happened somewhere, and many real communities have already suffered a substantial number of them. A grim spectre has crept upon us almost unnoticed, and this imagined tragedy may easily become a stark reality

54、we all shall know.Form Silent Spring by Rachel CarsonWords and phrases: in harmony with: If people are living in harmony with each other, they are living together peacefully rather than fighting or arguing.e.g. We just know that it is in harmony with nature and our own souls. In 1997 he created the

55、sportswear label “Osklen”, which promotes a philosophy of living in harmony with the environment.checkerboard: n. A checkerboard pattern is made up of equal-sized squares of two different colours, usually black and white.e.g. In the field, young wheat unfolds the green checkerboard.Walking around Tu

56、nis, one occasionally stumbles upon the checkerboard series of posters, usually with nearly identical sperous: a. rich, successful or thrivinge.g. In a prosperous country like this, no one should go hungry.The small town became prosperous in the gold rush.bloom: n. A bloom is the flower on a plant.e

57、.g. The garden looks lovely when the roses are in bloom.He was nineteen, in the full bloom of youth.drift: v. When something drifts somewhere, it is carried there by the movement of wind or water.e.g. In spring, white clouds drift over the green pastures slowly.Golden leaves drift down like snowflak

58、es.blaze: n. very bright light or coloure.g. The whole long day was a blaze of sunshine.The flowers made a blaze of red.flame: v. to become suddenly bright with light or colour, especially red or orangee.g. The sky seemed to flame in the Hawaiian sunset. The hillsides in June flame with azaleas.flic

59、ker: v. If a light or flame flickers, it shines unsteadily.e.g. Candles flicker in front of the main altar and prayer flags adorn a large tree outside.Transport colours, cart wheels and mechanical flares whirl and flicker in the crowded streets at night.backdrop: n. the view behind somethinge.g. A h

60、illside of trees provides a brightly-colored backdrop a Vermont barn.Appropriately, he had photographed a flock of starlings against the backdrop of a serene sunset. bark: v. to make a loud rough noisee.g. When the robber heard the dog bark, he took to his heels.The dog backed his ears and began to