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1、關(guān)于紡織纖維的分類Textile Fiber Classification第一張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月紡織纖維(textile fiber)紡織纖維 纖維長(zhǎng)度達(dá)到數(shù)十毫米以上,具有一定的強(qiáng)度、一定的可撓曲性和相互糾纏抱合性能和其他服用性能而可以生產(chǎn)紡織制品(如紗線、繩帶、機(jī)織物、針織物)的,叫紡織纖維。 第二張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月纖維可紡紗的條件: 1 必須具有一定的細(xì)度,一定的長(zhǎng)度,一定的長(zhǎng)細(xì)比例及均勻度; 2 必須具有一定的強(qiáng)力,變形能力,彈性,耐磨性,剛?cè)嵝?抱合性和摩擦力;如金屬絲,藕絲 3 應(yīng)具有一定的吸濕性、導(dǎo)電性和熱學(xué)性質(zhì);如金屬絲 4 應(yīng)具
2、有一定的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性和良好的染色性能; 特種纖維用紡織纖維還有特別的要求,如輪胎用簾子線,要耐疲勞;帳篷布要耐日曬;宇航服要耐高溫;降落傘要強(qiáng)力高。第三張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月紡織纖維的分類天然纖維1 天然纖維素纖維(natural cellulose fiber)種子纖維(seed hairs)韌皮纖維( bast fibers)葉子纖維(leaf fibers)果殼纖維(nut husk fibers)第四張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 Since primitive times, human beings began to use natural fiber
3、clothing. Initially, humans rely on animal skins and fur of body, and later learned to weave crude textiles. They plant the vines of flexible fibers woven into the original rough cloth.第五張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 It records the history of Chinese science and technology, China has emerged in the 4000-500
4、0 years ago, silk and linen fabrics, 3000 years ago felt, cotton fabric 2000 years ago. 第六張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 She has mastered all the operating processes such as tripping cottonseed ,elastic cotton, volume sliver ,spinning cotton yarn, woven cotton. Huang Daopo, Song to the Yuan Dynasty famous te
5、xtile expert ,第七張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月種子纖維第八張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Cotton fibers are the seeds of plant fiber , which is the most important textile fiber that human has used for a long history.棉纖維屬于植物纖維中的種子纖維,是人類使用歷史較長(zhǎng)的重要紡織纖維。第九張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 China, India, Egypt, Peru, Brazil, the United States
6、are the worlds major cotton producing area. Yellow River, Yangtze River, south, northwest, northeast are five major cotton-producing regions of China. 中國(guó)、印度、埃及、秘魯、巴西、美國(guó)等為世界主要棉纖維產(chǎn)地。 黃河流域、長(zhǎng)江流域、華南、西北、東北為我國(guó)五大產(chǎn)棉區(qū)。第十張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Fiber Properties:Cotton fibers are composed of an outer(skin) and a p
7、rimary wall , a secondary wall ,and a century core ,or lumen . 棉纖維為多層狀帶中腔結(jié)構(gòu)。第十一張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Immature fibers exhibit thin wall structures and a large lumen ,whereas mature fibers have thick walls and a small lumen that may not be continuous ,because the wall close the lumen in some sections.未
8、成熟纖維顯示薄壁結(jié)構(gòu)和一個(gè)大的中腔,相反,成熟纖維則有厚的細(xì)胞壁和一個(gè)小的中腔,且沒(méi)有連續(xù),因?yàn)榧?xì)胞壁在某一部分和中腔接近。第十二張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Cotton fibers are thin long and soft, with a high moisture regain .棉纖維細(xì)長(zhǎng)柔軟,吸濕性好。Cotton fiber is a moisture and strong porous material. The internal molecular arrangement is not regular, with a large number of hydro
9、philic molecular structure inside.綿纖維是多孔性物質(zhì),內(nèi)部分子排列很不規(guī)則,且分子中含有大量的親水結(jié)構(gòu)。 因此,在正常的情況下,纖維可向周圍的大氣中吸收水分,其含水率為8-10%。當(dāng)人們穿棉織物時(shí),會(huì)感到柔軟而不僵硬第十三張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 - As the warm cotton fiber is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, thermal conductivity is very low, because of its porous nature of cotton fiber
10、s, the advantages of high flexibility, can accumulate large amounts of air between the fibers, the air is hot and electric the bad conductor, so cotton fiber products have good moisture retention, use cotton products make people feel warm.保暖性-由于棉纖維是熱和電的不良導(dǎo)體,熱傳導(dǎo)系數(shù)極低,又因棉纖維本身具有多孔性,彈性高優(yōu)點(diǎn),纖維之間能積存大量空氣,空氣又
11、是熱和電的不良導(dǎo)體,所以,純棉纖維制品具有良好的保濕性,使用純棉制品使人感覺(jué)到溫暖。第十四張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月第十五張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 棉纖維缺點(diǎn)Easy to fold - less flexible cotton fiber. 易皺-棉纖維彈性較差。 Large shrinkage - there is a strong absorbent cotton fiber, when it absorbs moisture so that after the expansion of cotton fiber, cotton yarn caused
12、by reduced deformation 縮水率大-棉纖維有很強(qiáng)的吸水性,當(dāng)其吸收水份后令棉纖維膨脹,引致棉紗縮短變形。 第十六張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 - Mildew in damp conditions, such as the case of bacteria or fungi, cotton fibers will be broken down into nutrients - they like glucose, so that the fabric moldy 霉變-在潮濕的狀態(tài)下,如遇細(xì)菌或真菌,棉纖維會(huì)分解成它們喜歡的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)-葡萄糖,使面料發(fā)霉變質(zhì)。
13、Despite the poor - Moisture absorption and strong, but not dry 排濕性差-盡管吸濕力強(qiáng),但不易干燥。 第十七張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 Cotton fiber, such as prolonged exposure to daylight, strong reduction will be hard-brittle fibers, such as the case of oxidant, with oxidizing bleach or dye, but also will decrease fiber stren
14、gth, fiber brittle hair hard. 棉纖維如長(zhǎng)時(shí)間與日光接觸,強(qiáng)力降低,纖維會(huì)硬發(fā)脆,如遇氧化劑、漂白粉或具有氧化性的染料,也會(huì)使纖維強(qiáng)力下降,纖維發(fā)脆發(fā)硬。 第十八張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 Colored cotton With the development of agricultural technology, the natural color of cotton fiber has emerged.第十九張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月韌皮纖維(bast fibers)第二十張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The Phar
15、aoh of Egypt s mummies are wrapped in linen bandages.第二十一張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The bast fiber consist of flax, ramie, jute, hemp.Flax is a bast fiber-a woody(木質(zhì)的) fiber obtained from the phloem(韌皮部 )of plants. It derives from the stalk(莖) or stem of Linum suitatssimum (亞麻屬植物). The use of linen in Egy
16、pt between 3000and 2500B.C. has been verified.第二十二張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Physical Properties Flax fiber is not so fine as cotton, is longer than cotton. The natural color of flax varies from light ivory to gray. While, the color of cotton fibers vary from almost pure white to a dirty gray.第二十三張,PPT共七十
17、四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The nature of flax Flax is a strong fiber. Fabrics of flax are durable and easy to maintain because of the fiber strength. When wet, the fiber is about 20 percent stronger than when dry. The amount of elongation that flax will undergo before breaking is very small. Linen fabrics are pro
18、ne to crease and wrinkle badly. They are somewhat stiff and posses little resiliency. It is these characteristics, it can be made into sacks and hemp rope, etc.第二十四張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 Flax has low pliability or flexibility, which may result in increased serviceability. Flax has a standard moisture
19、 regain of about 12 percent. The saturation regain is comparable to that other cellulosic fibers(纖維素纖維). Flax has outstanding wicking properties(芯吸性), which makes it possible to make dress and socks.第二十五張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Flax fibers do not shrink or stretch to any marked degree. However, as in th
20、e case of cotton, yarns and fabrics are subject to some relaxation shrinkage. Ironing linen fabrics while damp will help stretch them back to their original size.第二十六張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The strength of flax fibers makes it possible to manufacture a wide variety of yarns, from very fine to very heav
21、y, which can be used to make a wide variety of fabrics, from sheer and loose to heavy and compact.第二十七張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月There is a gradual loss of strength when linen fabrics are exposed to sunlight ,but this is not serious. consequently, flax makes a good choice for curtain .第二十八張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于20
22、22年6月Dry linen has excellent resistance to mildew(霉菌), but if the fabric is moist or stored in a humid atmosphere, mildew will grow rapidly and damage the fiber, so linen fabric should be placed in a dry environment.第二十九張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The nature resistance of flax to chemicals, including deter
23、gents, bleaches, other laundry aids, and dry-cleaning solvents, provides a fabric that is easily maintained. Further, these properties, plus resistance to sunlight, inherent fiber strength, and resistance to aging, result in fabrics with a long life.第三十張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 In addition to the flax p
24、lant there are a lot of hemp plant is produced in life and industry, for example in Apocynum. Its leaves can be used to make tea, have lower blood pressure , reducing blood lipid and preventing cold effects. Its bark(樹皮) is a natural material, can use the apocynum fiber finishing textile and clothin
25、g has good air permeability(透氣性), hygroscopicity(吸濕性) strong, soft, antibacterial, the winter heat and summer cold characteristics .Therefore apocynum fiber can advanced material, fishing line, leather line, raincoats and senior paper.Apocynum(羅布麻屬)第三十一張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月天然蛋白質(zhì)纖維(natural protein fi
26、ber)毛纖維wool fiber 羊毛wool 兔毛rabbit hair 狗絨boss 一條狗可抓克絨,與羊相當(dāng),具有肉用價(jià)值,天津工大開(kāi)發(fā)發(fā)纖維hair fiber 羊絨cashmere(開(kāi)司米) 仿羊絨cash merelike 羊駝Alpaca(阿爾巴卡),產(chǎn)于秘魯 馬海毛Mohair駱駝毛牦牛毛 以上纖維是最貼近皮膚的一層細(xì)薄絨毛,因其多生長(zhǎng)在高寒地帶,故保暖性極佳,其產(chǎn)量低,所以價(jià)格昂貴,又稱“軟黃金”或“纖維鉆石”。第三十二張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月絲纖維silk 腺體分泌物(section) 家蠶絲 cultivated silk 柞蠶絲 wild silk3
27、礦物纖維(mineral fiber) 從纖維狀結(jié)構(gòu)的礦石巖石中獲得的纖維 石棉askestes 第三十三張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(二)化學(xué)纖維(man-made fiber)) 1再生纖維(regenerated fiber) 采用天然聚合物為原料,經(jīng)過(guò)化學(xué)方法制成的與 原聚 合物在化學(xué)組成上基本相同的化學(xué)纖維,稱再生纖維。再生纖維素纖維 粘膠纖維 viscose/rayon 天絲 tencel/LYOCELL/莫代爾纖維 銅氨纖維 cuprammonium fiber再生蛋白質(zhì)纖維 大豆纖維 奶酪纖維 甲殼素纖維 海藻酸鈉纖維第三十四張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年
28、6月2 合成纖維 (synthetic fiber)由天然小分子化合物經(jīng)人工合成有機(jī)聚合物后,再溶解或熔融成液體后抽拔成纖維。滌綸 polyester錦綸 polyamide fiber/nylon腈綸 acrylic fiber 第三十五張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 無(wú)機(jī)纖維(inorganic fiber),如玻璃纖維(glass fiber) 新型纖維 Thurmax 藕形纖維:彈性極佳,又稱中空纖維,如七孔被,九孔被 Coolmax 涼爽纖維:纖維中有槽子,毛細(xì)血管現(xiàn)象,導(dǎo)汗性極強(qiáng)。 ES纖維: 丙綸和滌綸兩者,里面是滌綸,熔點(diǎn)較高(160 ),外面是丙綸,熔點(diǎn)較低(11
29、0 )。制成無(wú)紡布。放在稍高于110 的溫度上烤,丙綸化掉成網(wǎng)狀,這種纖維具有彈性。芳綸 :防彈衣 防輻射 防切割第三十六張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 (三) 天然纖維和化學(xué)纖維的異同第三十七張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 For centuries humankind has relied upon various plants and animals to provide the raw materials for fabrics and clothing. However, in the last century scientists have turned t
30、o chemistry and technology to create and enhance many of the fabrics we now take for granted.第三十八張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 In1955,manufacturers began to produce a new type of rayonhigh-wet-modulus (HWM) rayonwhich was somewhat stronger and which could be used successfully in sheets, towels, and apparel.
31、 第三十九張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 Today rayon is one of the most widely used fabrics in our society. It is made in countries around the world. It can be blended with natural or man-made fabrics, treated with enhancements, and even engineered to perform a variety of functions.第四十張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月About f
32、ibers properties第四十一張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 ASTM defines moisture regain as “the moisture in a material determined under prescribed conditions and expressed as a percentage of the weight of the moisture-free specimen. Moisture regain or absorbency depends on the fiber morphology or molecular arrangeme
33、nt and the pore size in the outer layer of fiber skin. conditioned weight-dry weightPercentage regain= x100 dry weightWhat is the absorbency?第四十二張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Fible t=20 humidity= aa= 65%a=95%a=100%cotton7-812-1423-27 ramie 7-8 hemp 10-138-22wool15-17 26-2733-36silk8-919-2236-39rayon13-1529-3
34、535-45nylon3.5-5 8-9 10-13polyester0.4-0.50.6-0.71.0-1.1glass0 0-0.3 第四十三張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月This table tells us that usually the moisture regain of natural fibers is higher than the chemical fibers.However, Rayon is an exception,its moisture regain is same as the natural fibers第四十四張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于20
35、22年6月This is glass fiber第四十五張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月How about the thermal behavior ;such as refractory ,specific heat, heat conductionThermodynamic three-state of fiber material: glass high-elastic viscous state state flow state Tg Tt temperature第四十六張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Here we adopted the following ta
36、ble for the case of fiber strength in the sunMaterial cotton wool hemp layon PAN silk nylon PETSunlight 940 1120 1110 900 900 200 200 600Time 50 50 50 50 16-25 50 36 60PANwoolhempcottonlayon PETnylonsilkStrengthLoss第四十七張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 This table shows the heat resistance of natural fiber and c
37、hemical fiber is more or less same,but the heat resistance of chemical fibers is slightly lower than the natural fibers. In the natural fiber ,cellulose fiber better than protein fibers.第四十八張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The expansion of fiber performance in the waterFiber typesSd()Sl()Sa()Sv()cotton203040424
38、244silk16.318.71.31.6193032wool151725263641Viscose rayon25523.74.85011474127Copper ammonia fiber325326566268107Acetate fiber9140.10.368第四十九張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月As is vividly indicated in the above chart , Moisture after the fiber volume expansion. The lateral expansion of the fiber is large while th
39、e longitudinal expansion of the fiber is small.What is more ,the man-made fibers and the natural fibers are all different, they all do not have the same law.第五十張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Common varieties of fiber lengthFiber varietiesLengthFiber varietiesLengthUpland25 31Manila hemp3 20Sea Island cotton33
40、 46Hemp5 55Fine wool40 100The long fiber55 65Semi-fine wool70 300Wool fiber76 120Cashmere22 36Cotton fiber38 41mohair45 70ramie20 200Silk60 1300jute1.5 5flax12 24第五十一張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月We can also find the difference or sameness between natural fibers and chemical from identification Most natural
41、fiber and chemical fiber are flammableBlack floc objects have left after natural fiber burned,but the black hard object is left for chemical fiberNatural fibers do not change near the fire source But chemical fiber close to the fire to meltWhen natural fiber burned ,you will smell a smell like burni
42、ng paper or burning feather; but so many kinds of smell have existed for chemical fiber.第五十二張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Fiber cross section shape with fiber kinds and different.Natural fiber has its own form.Chemical fiber according to the will of the people can be shaped design silk spray holes to get var
43、ious special-shaped cross-section of fiber.第五十三張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月桑蠶絲橫截面山羊絨橫截面 第五十四張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(三)天然紡織纖維應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀與前景分析 第五十五張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一 、全球天然紡織纖維的發(fā)展圖1 全球天然紡織纖維的發(fā)展注:1800年 160.0 萬(wàn)噸 2006年 2709萬(wàn)噸第五十六張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月年份天然纖維合計(jì)*棉纖維綿羊毛纖維生絲1800160.0122.037.70.301850220.0173.046.530.471890
44、305.10230.1473.771.191900392.09316.274.231.661910503.77421.080.522.161920547.05462.982.042.111930698.60592.7100.215.091940808.54697.1111.445.981950771.93664.7105.351.8819601200.211011.3145.813.1019701342.441178.2160.154.0919801590.911425.4160.505.6119902073.711871.4195.46.9120002059.631917.0132.89.8
45、320012209.122070.5127.511.1220022068.631931.9126.310.4320032194.172060.6122.011.5720042754.662620.0122.312.3620052577.452439.4122.815.2520062709.002570.7122.715.60表1. 二百年來(lái)棉毛絲纖維的發(fā)展(萬(wàn)噸) 第五十七張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月纖維品種全球年產(chǎn)量中國(guó)年產(chǎn)量中國(guó)加工量棉纖維(皮棉)2570.7664.61011.4麻纖維 249.0 38.25 56.36苧麻(精干麻) 13.4 11.35 11.00亞麻(
46、打成麻) 44.1 10.30 25.86黃麻(熟麻) 165.4 0.00 2.90槿麻(熟麻) 18.415.8 15.8 漢(大)麻(精干麻) 6.8 0.4 0.4 其他麻纖維(凈麻) 0.9 0.4 0.4毛纖維 133.87 9.59 36.85 綿羊毛(洗凈毛)122.78.3 35.97 山羊絨(無(wú)毛絨) 1.270.89 0.61 其他動(dòng)物毛(凈毛) 9.90.40 0.27絲纖維15.614.511.2 桑蠶絲(生絲、絹絲)16.514.1510.9其他絲纖維 1.10.35 0.30天然纖維合計(jì)2971.17726.941115.81表2 2006年天然纖維生產(chǎn)量及加工(
47、萬(wàn)噸) 第五十八張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月纖維品種全球年產(chǎn)量中國(guó)年產(chǎn)量棉纖維(皮棉)2339.6672.80麻纖維283.436.43苧麻(精干麻)25.022.30亞麻(打成麻)79.28.55黃麻(熟麻)140.00.03槿麻(熟麻)19.44.78 漢(大)麻(精干麻)3.40.44劍麻(熟麻)16.40.29其他麻纖維0.90.09毛纖維121.3610.015綿羊毛(洗凈毛)119.108.50山羊絨(無(wú)毛絨)1.140.85牦牛絨(無(wú)毛絨)0.170.10駱駝絨(無(wú)毛絨)0.070.015兔毛0.630.50其他毛纖維0.250.05絲纖維15.9010.21 桑蠶
48、絲(生絲、絹絲)14.409.86柞蠶絲(生絲)0.750.26其他絲纖維0.350.10天然纖維合計(jì)2760.26729.46表3 2008年全球及中國(guó)天然纖維產(chǎn)量(萬(wàn)噸) 第五十九張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(1)二百年來(lái),全球天然纖維加工量有了蓬勃的發(fā)展,天然紡織纖維總量增長(zhǎng)了15.9倍,棉纖維產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)了21.1倍,毛纖維增長(zhǎng)了2.25倍,生絲增長(zhǎng)了51倍。但是近20年來(lái),綿羊毛縮減37%。(2)近幾年來(lái),全球棉纖維、毛纖維、麻纖維、絲纖維的產(chǎn)量分別有所萎縮和徘徊。第六十張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(3)近年來(lái),特種纖維使用種類有了增加。(4)但是,今后隨著人
49、口增漲,特別是產(chǎn)業(yè)用紡織品使用領(lǐng)域擴(kuò)大,紡織纖維原料需求量還將大幅增加。隨著石油、天然氣等的逐漸枯竭,紡織纖維原料將逐漸以可再生、可循環(huán)、可降解、對(duì)環(huán)境友好的生物質(zhì)資源纖維為主要來(lái)源。第六十一張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、中國(guó)天然紡織纖維的發(fā)展中國(guó)天然紡織纖維六十年來(lái)有了長(zhǎng)足進(jìn)步,是全球天然紡織纖維的重要生產(chǎn)大國(guó)。棉纖維產(chǎn)量占全球總產(chǎn)量的26綿羊洗凈毛占7山羊絨占70桑蠶絲占95柞蠶絲占35苧麻占85亞麻占23槿麻占86第六十二張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月年份棉纖維苧麻亞麻黃麻槿麻綿羊毛(凈毛)山羊絨(無(wú)毛絨)桑蠶絲柞蠶絲194944.440.750.101952
50、130.378121.409.151.640.102.171.891957164.021050.0030.101.940.112.311.381965209.78590.0027.903.380.202.061.191978216.70520.00108.806.220.156.071.691980270.65752.600.00109.857.160.178.002.341981296.75980.00126.006.940.168.801.841985463.700.00102.07.090.239.382.231988415.76.400.00107.87.980.2513.791.45
51、1989378.80.0066.029.970.2714.781.641994434.10.0035.59.950.3525.641.951999382.80.0010.802000432.00.0010.512001479.90.0010.582002492.00.0010.552003486.99.832004631.98.232005581.87.962006706.410.308.300.6114.150.282007807.727.712.98.27.622008672.822.308.550.034.788.500.859.860.26表4 中國(guó)天然纖維生產(chǎn)發(fā)展情況第六十三張,PP
52、T共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)的原紡織大國(guó),由于勞動(dòng)力成本躍升,價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力優(yōu)勢(shì)衰落,產(chǎn)業(yè)向第三世界轉(zhuǎn)移。近二十年來(lái),紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)大量向中國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)移,使中國(guó)成為全球紡織加工的第一大國(guó),導(dǎo)致近年紡織纖維原料不足,每年棉纖維進(jìn)口量占30-40,綿羊洗凈毛占75-78,亞麻占60-70,黃麻幾乎全靠進(jìn)口,為保證棉纖維加工量,2006年以來(lái)中國(guó)已開(kāi)始從29個(gè)國(guó)家進(jìn)口棉纖維。第六十四張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、中國(guó)天然紡織纖維面臨的挑戰(zhàn) (1)進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來(lái),全球人口暴增(聯(lián)合國(guó)2000年發(fā)布預(yù)測(cè)2050年全球人口76億,2009年1月發(fā)布預(yù)測(cè)2050年全球人口92億),及耕地面積收縮,為保證糧食供應(yīng),天然纖維種植受到制約,不僅中國(guó)自產(chǎn)天然纖維數(shù)量受到制約,進(jìn)口數(shù)量也將受到制約。 中國(guó)紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)使用的天然紡織纖維,除了大量依托進(jìn)口外,還面臨重要的挑戰(zhàn)和制約。第六十五張,PPT共七十四頁(yè),創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(2)隨價(jià)格指數(shù)(CPI)逐年上升,以及為惠及“三農(nóng)”,原料價(jià)格將繼續(xù)上漲,同時(shí),隨工資
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