2021-2022學年中職英語語文版基礎模塊下冊Unit 1 Greetings被動語態(tài)教案

1、Unit 1 Grammar被動語態(tài)教案一、定義主動語態(tài)-主語是動作的執(zhí)行者；被動語態(tài)-主語是動作的承受者 。Many people speak Chinese. （主動）很多人講中文。Chinese is spoken by many people. （被動）中文被很多人說。二、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)回訣：賓變主，主變賓，謂語動詞變被動。主動語態(tài)中的賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語(賓格變主格)謂語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構(be+過去分詞)主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的賓語（主格變賓格），并由by引導，有時可省略。其它成分不變例如He writes a letter every week.主 謂 賓 狀A letter

2、is written by him every week.賓變主謂語變被動 主變賓 其它不變?nèi)⒉煌瑫r態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結構一般現(xiàn)在時:an/is/are doneThe flowers are watered every day.花兒每天被澆。一般過去時:were/was doneThe mobile phone was invented in1973.移動電話被發(fā)明于1973年.一般將來時:will/shall be doneThe book will be posted tomorrow.這本書明天會被寄出。現(xiàn)在進行時:am/is/are being done A new railway is

3、 being built at present.一條新的鐵路現(xiàn)在正在被建設.過去進行時:was/were being done Another bridge was being built then.另一座橋那時正在被建?，F(xiàn)在完成時:have/has been done His bike has been stolen recently.他的自行車最近被偷了。過去完成時:had been doneA new building had been built before 2000.2000年前，一棟新樓被建造了。過去將來時:would be doneHe said his work would

4、be done the next day.他說他的工作將在第二天被完成。情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，情態(tài)動詞+be doneThe work should be finished today.工作應該今天被完成。四、被動語態(tài)的使用范圍不知道動作的執(zhí)行者The boy was punished for lying.那個男孩因說謊受到懲罰。強調(diào)動作的承受者That thief was caught.那個小偷被抓住了。沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者Many houses were destroyed in the earthquake.許多房屋在地震中倒塌了。表示策略、禮貌You are requested to

5、 get here on time.請您準時到這里來。五、特殊形式的被動語態(tài)帶雙賓語的動詞雙賓語是指直接賓語間接賓語。 “直物間人”直接賓語指物；間接賓語指人。帶雙賓語的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，兩個賓語可以選其中一個作主語。如果直接賓語被提前作主語，那么間接賓語前要加相應的介詞to/for .Mike passed me a book I was passed a book by Mike. A book was passed to me by Mike.邁克遞給我一本書。感官動詞和使役動詞感官動詞(look. see. hear. sound. watch. feel. smell. taste

6、)使役動詞（let. make. have）在主動句中不帶to，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時需加上to .They often hear the girl sing in her room.The girl is often heard to sing in her room.他們經(jīng)常聽到那個女孩在她房里唱歌。短語動詞將含有短語動詞的主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，原短語動詞中的介詞或副詞不能丟。They have sent for a doctor.A doctor has been sent for by them.他們?nèi)フ埩艘晃会t(yī)生。動詞+賓語十賓語補足語當動詞+賓語+賓語補足語結構變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構中的主語，其余不動。 I asked her to go with me.She was