中秋節(jié)（中英雙語解讀由來、歷史、傳說、習(xí)俗、飲食與相關(guān)文學(xué)詩歌）

1、The Mid-Autumn Festival節(jié)日簡(jiǎn)介各地習(xí)俗歷史發(fā)展相關(guān)詩歌目錄節(jié)日簡(jiǎn)介壹中秋節(jié)與春節(jié)、清明節(jié)、端午節(jié)并稱為中國四大傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。壹受中華文化的影響，中秋節(jié)也是東亞和東南亞一些國家尤其是當(dāng)?shù)氐娜A人華僑的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。貳2006年5月20日，國務(wù)院列入首批國家級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。自2008年起中秋節(jié)被列為國家法定節(jié)假日。叁The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important festivities in China, According to Chinese lunar calendar, the 15th day of the 8

2、th month is the exact midst of autumn, so its called the Mid-Autumn Festival.The Mid-Autumn Festival is an evening celebration when families gather together to light lanterns, eat moon cakes and appreciate the round moon. On that night, the moon appears to be at its roundest and brightest. The full

3、moon is a symbol for family reunion, which is why that day is also known as the Festival of Reunion.The Moon Festival, also called the Mid-Autumn Festival or Mid-Autumn Day, is second in importance only to the Spring Festival. It falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month when the moon is believed

4、 to be the fullest and roundest. Members of the family gather together for a reunion dinner and to appreciate the moon while eating moon-cakes of various flavors. It is also a festival for farmers to celebrate their harvest. With more than 3,000 years of history, there are different takes on the ori

5、gin of this festival. Even the most popular one, the story of Hou Yi and Chang E, has different versions.中秋節(jié)與春節(jié)、清明節(jié)、端午節(jié)并稱為中國四大傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。受中華文化的影響，中秋節(jié)也是東亞和東南亞一些國家尤其是當(dāng)?shù)氐娜A人華僑的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。中秋節(jié)自古便有祭月、賞月、吃月餅、玩花燈、賞桂花、飲桂花酒等民俗，流傳至今，經(jīng)久不息。中秋節(jié)起源于上古時(shí)代，普及于漢代，定型于唐朝初年，盛行于宋朝以后。中秋節(jié)是秋季時(shí)令習(xí)俗的綜合，其所包含的節(jié)俗因素，大都有著古老的淵源。 中秋節(jié)以月之圓兆人之團(tuán)圓，為寄托思念

6、故鄉(xiāng)，思念親人之情，祈盼豐收、幸福，成為豐富多彩、彌足珍貴的文化遺產(chǎn)。歷史發(fā)展貳中秋節(jié)是上古天象崇拜-敬月習(xí)俗的遺痕。在二十四節(jié)氣秋分時(shí)節(jié)，是古老的祭月節(jié)，節(jié)日起源中秋節(jié)則是由傳統(tǒng)的祭月而來。在傳統(tǒng)文化中，月亮和太陽一樣，這兩個(gè)交替出現(xiàn)的天體成了先民崇拜的對(duì)象。節(jié)日起源中秋節(jié)慶源自古人對(duì)月亮的祭祀，是中華民族祭月習(xí)俗的遺存和衍生。祭月，在我國是一種十分古老的習(xí)俗，實(shí)際上是古時(shí)代我國一些地方古人對(duì)月神的一種崇拜活動(dòng)。據(jù)考證，最初祭月節(jié)是定在干支歷二十四節(jié)氣秋分這天，不過由于歷史發(fā)展，后來歷法融合，使用陰歷(夏歷)節(jié)日起源所以將祭月節(jié)由干支歷二十四節(jié)氣秋分調(diào)至夏歷(農(nóng)歷)八月十五日。中秋節(jié)是秋季時(shí)

7、令習(xí)俗的綜合，其所包含的節(jié)俗因素，大都有著古老的淵源。The Mid-Autumn Festival celebrations date back to more than 2,000 years ago. In feudal times, Chinese emperors prayed to Heaven for a prosperous year. They chose the morning of the 15th day of the second lunar month to worship the sun and the night of the 15th day of the e

8、ighth lunar month to hold a ceremony in praise of the moon. In the western district of Beijing is the Yuetan Park, which originally was the Temple of Moon, and every year the emperor would go there to offer a sacrifice to the moon.This ancient custom became prevalent in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) th

9、at people enjoyed and worshipped the full moon. In the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279), however, people sent round moon cakes to their relatives as gifts in expression of their best wishes of family reunion. When it turned dark, they gazed up at the full silver moon or went sightseeing by lakes, t

10、o celebrate the festival.Since the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing dynasties (1644-1911), the custom of Mid-Autumn Festival celebration has become unprecedentedly popular. Together with the celebration appeared some special customs in different parts of the country, such as burning incense, planting Mid-A

11、utumn trees, lighting lanterns on towers and fire dragon dances, etc. Whenever the festival sets in, people would look up at the full silver moon, drinking wine to celebrate their happy life, or thinking of their relatives and friends far from home and extending all of their best wishes to them.各地習(xí)俗

12、叁祭月祭月，在我國是一種十分古老的習(xí)俗，實(shí)際上是古人對(duì)月神的一種崇拜活動(dòng)。在古代有秋暮夕月的習(xí)俗。夕月，即拜祭月神。自古以來，在廣東部分地區(qū)，人們都有在中秋晚上拜祭月神(拜月娘、拜月光)的習(xí)俗。Story of Moon-CakesMoon-cakes are eaten during the Moon Festival. Without moon-cakes, the festival is considered incomplete. This round pastry can contain various ingredients in a thin crust. Most of the

13、 flavors are sweet, with lotus seed paste or sweet bean paste in the center.設(shè)大香案，擺上月餅、西瓜、蘋果、紅棗、李子、葡萄等祭品。在月下，將月神牌位放在月亮的那個(gè)方向，紅燭高燃，全家人依次拜祭月亮，祈求福佑。祭月賞月，托月追思，表達(dá)了人們的美好祝愿。拜月節(jié)日PPT模板 /jieri/賞月的風(fēng)俗來源于祭月，嚴(yán)肅的祭祀變成了輕松的歡娛。據(jù)說此夜月球距地球最近，月亮最大顯圓最亮，所以從古至今都有飲宴賞月的習(xí)俗;回娘家的媳婦是日必返夫家，以寓圓滿、吉慶之意。民間中秋賞月活動(dòng)的文字記載出現(xiàn)在魏晉時(shí)期，但未成習(xí)。到了唐代，中秋賞

14、月、玩月頗為盛行，許多詩人的名篇中都有詠月的詩句。所謂追月，即是過了農(nóng)歷八月十五，興猶未盡，于是次日的晚上，不少人又邀約親朋好友，繼續(xù)賞月，名為追月。據(jù)清人陳子厚嶺南雜事鈔序云:粵中好事者，于八月十六夜，集親朋治酒肴賞月，謂之追月。在古代，浙江一帶除中秋賞月外，觀潮可謂是又一中秋盛事。中秋觀潮的風(fēng)俗由來已久，早在漢代枚乘的七發(fā)賦中就有了相當(dāng)詳盡的記述。漢以后，中秋觀潮之風(fēng)更盛。明朱廷煥增補(bǔ)武林舊事和宋吳自牧夢(mèng)粱錄也有觀潮記載。人們經(jīng)常在中秋時(shí)吃月餅賞桂花，食用桂花制作的各種食品，以糕點(diǎn)、糖果最為多見。月餅，又叫月團(tuán)、豐收餅、宮餅、團(tuán)圓餅等，是古代中秋祭拜月神的供品。月餅最初是用來祭奉月神的祭品

15、，后來人們逐漸把中秋賞月與品嘗月餅，作為家人團(tuán)圓的一大象征。月餅象征著大團(tuán)圓，人們把它當(dāng)作節(jié)日食品，用它祭月、贈(zèng)送親友。發(fā)展至今，吃月餅已經(jīng)是中國南北各地過中秋節(jié)的必備習(xí)俗，中秋節(jié)這天人們都要吃月餅以示團(tuán)圓。相關(guān)詩歌肆十五夜望月中庭地白樹棲鴉，冷露無聲濕桂花。今夜月明人盡望，不知秋思落誰家？望月懷遠(yuǎn)海上生明月，天涯共此時(shí)。情人怨遙夜，竟夕起相思。滅燭憐光滿，披衣覺露滋。不堪盈手贈(zèng)，還寢夢(mèng)佳期。齊天樂中秋宿真定驛西風(fēng)來勸涼云去，天東放開金鏡。照野霜凝，如河桂濕，一一冰壺相映。殊方路永。更分破秋光，盡成悲境。有客躊躇，古庭空自吊孤影。江南朋舊在許，也能憐天際，詩思誰領(lǐng)。夢(mèng)斷刀頭，書開蠆尾，別有相思

16、隨定。憂心耿耿。對(duì)風(fēng)鵲殘枝，露蛩荒井。斟酌妲娥，九秋宮殿冷。滿江紅中秋寄遠(yuǎn)快上西樓，怕天放、浮云遮月。但喚取、玉纖橫管，一聲吹裂。誰做冰壺涼世界，最憐玉斧修時(shí)節(jié)。問嫦娥、孤令有愁無？應(yīng)華發(fā)。云液滿，瓊杯滑。長袖起，清歌咽。嘆十常八九，欲磨還缺。但愿長圓如此夜，人情未必看承別。把從前、離恨總成歡，歸時(shí)說。中秋時(shí)節(jié)，農(nóng)民們剛剛收獲了莊稼、果實(shí)，辛勞一年后的豐收讓他們倍感喜悅，因此這些普通老百姓也特別喜歡中秋。In mid-autumn, farmers have just finished gathering their crops and bringing in fruits from the

17、orchards. They are overwhelmed with joy when they have a bumper harvest and at the same time, they feel quite relaxed after a year of hard work. So the 15th day of the eighth lunar month (the Mid-Autumn Festival) has gradually evolved as a widely celebrated festival for ordinary people.當(dāng)夜幕降臨，大地沐浴在皎潔月光下，每家每戶都在庭院里圍桌而坐，孩子們則在院子里嬉戲，一家人共享節(jié)日的美好時(shí)光。Night falls. The land