2022-2023學(xué)年陜西省商洛市高三第二次模擬考試英語試卷含解析

1、2022-2023學(xué)年高考英語模擬試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（B）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼粘貼在答題卡右上角條形碼粘貼處。2作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。3非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答

2、題卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1I was going to pay by cash when it suddenly occurred to me _ I had left my purse at home.AwhetherBwhatCthatDwhere2You look frozenSit down by the fire and I you some hot teaAmakeBwas makingCmadeDwill make3I am wondering _ makes you study so hard?To go to my dream uni

3、versity.Awhat is it thatBthat is whatCwhat is thatDwhat it is that4Dont touch your eyes, nose and mouth, because they arent covered by skin and can _ the virus more easily.Atake upBpick upCmake upDset up5_ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.AHaving expos

4、edBBeing exposedCTo exposeDExposed6_ interested in English may join this club. AWhoever BAll who CAnyone DWho7The same boiling water softens the potato and hardens the egg. Its about _youre made of, not the circumstances.AthatBwhatChowDwho8 Do you know anything about British history?_. I have no int

5、erest in it.ATake it easy! BPlease dont bother.CIts up to you. DNo. Its beyond me.9Bob says he will draw lessons from his failure and continue to try.Im delighted that he _ take that view.Awill Bmay Cshould Dcould10Are the repairs finished yet?Yes, they _ when I came back home.Awould be completed Bw

6、ould completeChad completed Dhad been completed11Ive got something weighing on my mind. Could you give me some advice?_. Tell me all about it and Ill do what I can.ADont mention itBNo wonderCMy pleasureDNo problem12The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face.AwhatBhowCthatDwh

7、y13_, the dancers practise hard to make their dreams come true. AInstead of being disabled BBeing disabled CDisabled as they are DIn case of being disabled14Thinking that her daughter was doing her homework ,the mother left the room, _.Aquickly and gentleBquick and gentleCquickly and gentlyDquick an

8、d gently15We _have hurried all the way to the airportthe flight was called off because of the foggy weather.AmustntBcouldntCneedntDwouldnt16Playing with the foreign visitors, my cousin is beginning to several different languages.Apick up Bpick outCturn up Dshow out17During the economic crisis, we sh

9、ould help those for _life is far from easyAwhomBwhoseCwhoDwhoever18I can _ Dianas thoughts from the changes in her facial expressions.Aread Bnotice Ccount Dwatch19The incomes of skilled workers went up. , unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.AMoreoverBThereforeCMeanwhileDOtherwise20The Oxford E

10、nglish Dictionary is necessary for learning English, so youd better buy _.AthisBthatCitDone第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21（6分）Criminals who try to pass off fake art as the real deal should be careful now. A new identification method could make recognizing fakes much easier. The t

11、echnique allows scientists to tag paintings and other artworks with tiny pieces of DNA, which act like a signature. If an artwork missed the tag, people would immediately know it was an illegal copy.DNA is normally found inside the cells of all living things. However, researchers at the State Univer

12、sity of New York at Albany, who developed the tagging technique, have created DNA in a lab, whose code is just as unique as that of DNA found in nature.The scientists would apply the engineered DNA to a small tag and place it on an artwork. Over time, the DNA in the tag would bond with the art at a

13、molecular(分子的) level. That way, even if the tag is removed, the DNA remains. Possible buyers and sellers can use a scanner to read a DNA tag or, if the tag is missing, swab(擦拭) the artwork to test for DNA inside. Then they check the molecular marker against a database of artists to make sure the wor

14、k is real.Some famous artists have already agreed to try this high-tech way to sign their art. Thats because fakes are huge problems in the art world. Its said that as many as two out of every five artworks sold these days are fakes. Some seem so convincing that experts are needed to prove whether t

15、heyre real or not.Although a painting may be perfectly copied, it would be nearly impossible to copy a DNA tag. Applying the tag doesnt harm the work itself. Even better, they each cost only about $150an inexpensive price for a technology that could save museums, art galleries, and private collector

16、s billions.1、Whats the main idea of the third paragraph?AHow the DNA tag works. BHow the DNA tag is made.CWhat a database is used for. DWhat can be done if the DNA tag is lost.2、Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the DNA tag?AIt is affordable. BIt can hardly be copied.CIt can renew autom

17、atically. DIt does no damage to the artworks.3、What does the underlined word “convincing” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AAuthentic. BElegant. CAttractive. DComplex.4、What might be the best title of the text?ACopying a DNA Tag BSpotting a FakeCThe Discovery of DNA DA New Application of Natural DNA22（8

18、分） When emergency workers arrive at an old firehouse in New York City, the way they greet each other is not what you might expect. These first responders say, Ni Hao! Ni Hao means hello in Mandarin Chinese.First responders are the first emergency workers to arrive at a fire, traffic accident or othe

19、r emergency. Some first responders are fire fighters, while others can be Emergency Medical Technicians.In Brooklyn, New York, over 20 first responders are studying Mandarin Chinese for about two hours a week. The class is the first of its kind. It is offered by the New York City Fire Department Fou

20、ndation.The U. S. Census Bureau recently reported that some New York neighborhoods are made up mostly of immigrants. Some people have predicted that the Chinese community is likely to become New Yorks largest immigrant group. They think the city will have the largest Chinese community outside of Asi

21、a.The Census Bureau also found that almost 200 languages are spoken in the city. So, knowing different languages is important, especially if you are a first responder.Lieutenant(中尉,少尉) Steve Lee is president of the Fire Departments Phoenix Society. He says that first responders must be able to commu

22、nicate quickly and effectively when an emergency happens. He explains that first responders enter neighborhoods and communities to assist regardless of where they are from. Many times first responders do not speak the same language as the people they are called to help. He adds that it is vital, or

23、very important, that first responders are able to communicate with the people calling for help.Without help from homeowners and others, Lee adds, discovering exactly where a fire is burning can be a real problem. First responders need to ask questions such as What building? What address? What apartm

24、ent? And the most important question, Is there anybody left in the building and where?1、Who are first responders according to Paragraph 2?APeople first learning the disaster.BPersons leading the emergency rescue.CRescuers first reaching the disasterDPeople first find the disaster.2、Why are the first

25、 responders in New York studying the Chinese language?ATo show respect to the Chinese immigrants.BTo learn about Chinese cultures much better.CTo meet the rapid growth of Chinese population.DTo find a better job in Chinese community.3、What do first responders concern most?AThe place where the fire o

26、ccurs.BThe people trapped in the fire.CThe language to communicate.DThe distance covered to the fire.4、What can be a suitable title for the text?AMandarin Being a Must for Emergency WorkersBNew Yorks Emergency Crews Learning MandarinCLanguage Problem Disturbing First Responders WorkDImportance of La

27、nguages Used in Emergency Rescue23（8分） Are you afraid of sharks? What about snakes or spiders? Put those fears aside: because in the U.S. youre far more likely to be killed or injured by a deer skipping across the road.Deer cause more than 200 humans deaths each year, plus some 29,000 injuries, all

28、because of 1.2 million collisions between vehicles and deer. Most incidents occur in the eastern U.S., where deer prosper without natural predators like wolves and mountain lions.“Thats the region in the U.S. where deer-vehicle collisions are such a problem, and where it seems like an effective larg

29、e carnivore reintroduction could make a really big difference.” says wildlife biologist Laura Prugh from University of Washington. She thinks it would help to reintroduce predators like mountain lions, also known as cougars, pumas or panthers, to parts of their historic range from which theyve been

30、driven out.The researchers say that bringing the predators back to the eastern U.S. would mean 22 percent fewer collisions between cars and deer over three decades. Each year would see five fewer human deaths, 680 fewer injuries and a savings of some 550 million. Sophie L. Gilbert thinks there are g

31、reat socioeconomic benefits of large predator restoration through reduced wildlife-vehicle collisions and she says, says, “Cougars have shown that they can coexist in short distance with people, with very few conflicts, in a lot of areas out west.”Still, some folks might be understandably nervous ab

32、out this kind of plan. After all, reintroducing predators doesnt come without risks to pets and to livestock, and very occasionally to people.“Our fear of large predators is so natural and intense that I dont think its possible to just completely clear it with statistics. What I hope is that knowing

33、 that there actually can be some measurable benefits might make people a little more supportive and maybe balance that fear a little bit.” says Laura.Indeed, the statistics show that cougars would prevent five times as many human deaths from deer-related accidents as they would cause by attacks. But

34、 itll be a tough sell: the press will cover cougar attacks, but a statistically prevented death does not make the news. Nevertheless, “If people in the west can put up with having mountain lions around, I would hope that New Yorkers would be up for the challenge as well.”1、What is closest in meaning

35、 to the underlined word “carnivore” in Paragraph 3?AA cat-like animal.BA dangerous animal.CA meat-eating animal.DA grass-eating animal.2、Why do people want to bring back mountain lions?ATo minimize the accidents caused by deer.BTo maintain biodiversity and ecological balance.CTo take up the challeng

36、e from people in the west.DTo reduce peoples fear of this dangerous creature.3、Why is it hard to persuade people to accept this measure?ABecause the risks outweigh the benefits.BBecause mountains lions like eating people.CBecause the benefits are not as eye-catching as its risks.DBecause mountain li

37、ons tend to get too close to people.4、What is the best title for the text?APuma: a Tough SellBA New Study on PumaCDeer Cause Huge Life LossesDDeer or Pumas: a Hard Choice24（8分）If you thought pilots dimmed（調(diào)暗）the lights before takeoff to give you some shuteye, think again. Believe it or not, the dim

38、lighting could actually help save your life in case of a plane emergency.The dimmed lights before taking off the runway and landing are a flight precaution used to help passengers eyes adjust quicker during an emergency escape. “Going from a brightly lit environment to one thats completely dark woul

39、d require some time for our eyes to focus and see the escape slide,” Alice Theriault, service director for Air Canada wrote in a press statement. “Since we need to have all the seconds on our side in the event of an emergency, dimming the lights is one of many steps we take to ensure the safety of o

40、ur customers.”The phenomenon that your eyes see those strange speckles (小斑點(diǎn)) as your sight adjusts to a dark place after being in a light place is called dark adaptation. It normally takes our eyes about 20 to 30 seconds to see best in a dark room. The brighter the lights, the longer it takes for ou

41、r eyes to adjust, which is why dimming the plane lights could shorten your “dark adaptation” time since you havent been sitting under fluorescent bulbs (熒光燈) all flight.Not only does dimming lights add valuable time to the escape process, but it reduces the tension on your eyes if you need to look o

42、utside, or see the emergency lighting along the passage. “It helps keep you in the right direction.” Patrick Smith, an airline pilot and author of Cockpit Confidential told The Telegraph. “It also makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks, such as fire or debris, that might a

43、ffect an escape.” So next time a pilot dims the lights, just know its for your safety, even though it creates a gentle atmosphere for your takeoff into the sky.1、The lights are turned down before takeoff to help passengers_.Aescape in time of emergencyBtake a short breakCcreate a comfortable atmosph

44、ereDenjoy themselves2、Which of the following is True according to Paragragh 2 and 3?ADimming lights is required when accidents happen.BOur eyes need some time to adapt to the change of light.CSpeckles are caused by the use of dimmed lights.DIt is required for pilots to turn off lights during the fli

45、ght.3、What is the function of shortening “dark adaptation” time?ASlowing down the landing.BAdjusting the plane lights.CKeeping passengers calm.DHelping the crew judge outside risks.4、What is the text mainly about?AA tip to make air travel safer.BAn emergency event happening on a plane.CAn explanatio

46、n of an airline safety measure.DA warning message from the pilot.25（10分）According a recent report in New Scientist, a breakthrough birth occurred under the radar some five months ago. With the help of John Zhang from the New Hope Fertility Center in New York City, a Jordanian couple gave birth to a

47、child with one more than two genetic parents.So-called three-parent babies actually have more like 2.001 parents, according to experts. And the baby boy born earlier this year isnt the first child to have a little more DNA than Mom and Dad could provide on their own. An IVF technique that relied on

48、small transfers of donors DNA was pioneered in the United States during the 1990s but was banned after fewer than 100 babies were born.This Jordanian newborn represents the first successful birth in a new wave of “three-parent” techniquesones that are more sophisticated and that will likely stick ar

49、ound much longer.For now, there is no country where the method used to give birth to the baby boy is really legal. Zhang performed the procedure in Mexico, where, he told New Scientists, “There are no rules.”These techniques involve the transfer of mitochondrial（線粒體的）DNA or mtDNAOften called the “po

50、wer plants” of the cell, the mitochondria transform energy from food into energy that can power a cell. When someones mitochondria dont function properly, its bad news indeed for cells. Mitochondrial diseases can cause a whole host of life-threatening problems, and its estimated that as many as 4,00

51、0 children are born with such conditions in the United States each year. In this case, the couple had lost two children at young ages due to Leigh syndrome, a neurological disorder caused by a mutation（變異）in the mothers mitochondrial DNA1、Why do experts call the baby boy a three-parent baby?ABecause

52、 his father has married two women.BBecause his DNA is from three donors.CBecause he has DNA from his parents and a donor.DBecause his mother gave birth to him with the help of Zhang.2、The underlined word “sophisticated” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “_”.Adeveloped BimportantCspecific Dexpe

53、nsive3、Why did the Jordanian couple lose two children?AThe mother suffered from many diseases.BThe mother couldnt get enough energy.CThe mothers body function couldnt work properly.DThe mother had the disease caused by a mutation in mtDNA4、What can be inferred form the text?AThe IVF technique was us

54、ed around the world during the 1990s.BMitochondrial diseases can be transferred from mothers to babies.CThe baby boy was born in Jordan five months ago.DFathers mitochondrial diseases cant affect young babies.第三部分 語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)26（30分）A great

55、 many people are disappointed because of unrealistic expectations.Walking up to a department stores cloth counter, a(n) 1 young woman said, “I want to buy this material for a new dress. How much does it cost?”“Only one 2 per yard,” replied the smirking (自鳴得意的) male clerk.Not to be taken back by the

56、funny words, the woman said,” Thats fine! Ill take ten yards.”With 3 written all over his face, the clerk 4 measured out and wrapped the cloth, then held it out teasingly, 5 forward to receive his “ 6 .The woman got the package quickly from the clerk and pointed to a little old man standing beside h

57、er. “Grandpa will pay the bill instead of me,” she 7 He was no doubt disappointed. But in the course of living, many people are 8 when others do not 9 their expectations. In order to be happy, some expectations must be dropped. These three particular 10 and unhealthy expectations are some of the mai

58、n causes:1. Expect too much 11 When others say, “Thank you,” or in any way to show their gratitude, be happy. It is a gift!2. Expect others to make you happy. They simply cannot do that. Make yourself happy and 12 your joy with others.3. Expect not to be 13 . At times, people will simply not come th

59、rough for you in the way you need 14 them and move on.Get rid of these three unrealistic expectations and you can begin to expect more 15 right away!1、AtrickyBattractiveCuglyDgenerous2、AkissBpayCdollarDcent3、AhappinessBenjoymentCexpectationDcourage4、AhurriedlyBslowlyCpatientlyDcuriously5、AsettingBsi

60、ttingCleaningDtaking6、ArewardBpaymentCbonusDmoney7、AsmiledBbeggedCwavedDthought8、AencouragedBdisappointedCannoyedDsurprised9、Alive up toBgo againstCgo withoutDhope for10、AreasonableBproperCunimportantDunrealistic11、AprofitBkissCappreciationDdisappointment12、AspareBshareCmakeDcontrol13、Aput downBlet