專八翻譯漢譯英常用技巧解讀

1、專八翻譯漢譯英常用技巧解讀Contents 二、句子翻譯1. 確定主干2. 語序調(diào)整3. 正反轉(zhuǎn)換4. 語態(tài)對譯5. 長句的翻譯一、詞的翻譯1. 詞義選擇2. 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換3. 詞的增補4. 詞的省略5. 詞的替代一、詞的翻譯1. 詞義選擇1在得病以前，我受父母寵愛，在家中橫行霸道。Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting parents.橫行霸道: 為所欲為，想干什么就干什么Get everything my own wayGet all things my own wayBe bully

2、2釣魚可分為三個階段。There are three states for fishing.“三個階段 在這里指釣魚的三種境界，因此不譯為 three stages。3他是個墻頭草，誰硬就跟誰。He always sits on the fence and falls on the side of the stronger.2. 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換1吃頭兩個主菜時，也是贊不絕口。You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses.2這樣，每個地方都有自己的傳說，風(fēng)俗也就衍傳了下來。Thus, every place, wi

3、th its own legends and folktales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.3所以人們對于大自然，全都一致并深深地依賴著。Therefore, everyone has become unanimously and profoundly dependent on Nature.4大自然對人的恩賜，無論貧富，一律平等。People, poor or rich, are equally favored by Nature. 3. 詞的增補1有水有魚的地方大都是有好環(huán)

4、境的，好環(huán)境便會給人好心情。A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.2黃鼠狼給雞拜年。The weasel goes to pay respects to the hennot with the best of intentions.4. 詞的省略1種植莊稼和葡萄，釀酒和飲酒，喂牛和擠奶，鋤草和栽花Planting crops and grapes, brewing and drinking wines, r

5、aising and milking cows, weeding the garden and planting flowers2用點畫成線，用線畫成平面，用平面畫成立體。With points you can make a line; with lines, planes; with planes, solids.3于是轉(zhuǎn)怒為喜，轉(zhuǎn)贊美為責(zé)備挑剔，轉(zhuǎn)首肯為搖頭。Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nit-picking, and head-nodding to head-shaking.5. 詞的替代1狡猾的人輕視學(xué)問；

6、愚昧的人羨慕學(xué)問；聰明的人利用學(xué)問。Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them.2自周秦以來，中國是一個封建社會，其政治是封建的政治，其經(jīng)濟(jì)是封建的經(jīng)濟(jì)。From the Zhou and Qin Dynasties onwards, Chinese society was feudal, as were its politics and economy.3得罪了你就得罪了你。If you were offended, so be it.二、句子翻譯1. 確定主干漢語句子的主干：主語謂語1.

7、1 確定主語1這個地區(qū)雨水較多。A: It rains a lot in this area.B: This area sees/witnesses much rain.C: There is much rain in this area.D: There are plenty of rainfalls in 2信不信是你自己的事。It is your concern/business whether you believe me or not.3最好是等他們回來。It may be advisable to wait till they come back.Wed better wait t

8、ill they come back.Youd better4勤能補拙。It is diligence that makes for deficiency.1.2 確定謂語1在人際關(guān)系上我們不要太浪漫主義。We shouldnt be too romantic about human relationships.2當(dāng)他活著一天，總要盡量多工作、多學(xué)習(xí)，不肯虛度年華，不讓時間白白地浪費掉。As long as they are alive, they always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream their life

9、away, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.2. 語序調(diào)整1釣魚是一項能夠陶冶性情的運動，有益于身心安康。Fishing is an outdoor sport that can help cultivate your mind and it is good for our mental and physical health.2我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗簾，窺見園中大千世界，一片喧鬧。Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only t

10、o spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden.Hustle and bustle 喧鬧；喧囂3一霎時，一陣被人摒棄，為世所遺忘的悲憤兜上心頭，禁不住痛哭起來。In no time, I was thrown into a feeling of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and abandoned by the rest of the world and could not help crying my heart out.3. 正反轉(zhuǎn)換1他光著腳進(jìn)了屋子。He entered

11、 the room with no shoes on.2那個房間的窗戶總是關(guān)著。The windows of that room were never open.3學(xué)習(xí)外語離不開好的詞典。A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.4她忍住了沒有笑出聲。She refrained from laughing.5我不能忍受你的脾氣。Your temper is more than I can bear.我突然想到了一個好主意。Suddenly I came up with a good idea.I hit

12、 upon a good idea.A good idea occurred to me.A good idea struck me.4. 語態(tài)對譯1考試后三日出榜。The list of successful examinees will be published three days after the exam.2無可否認(rèn)，他是對的。It cannot be denied that he is right.5. 長句的翻譯漢語：分析性為主，句子構(gòu)造較松散。英語：綜合性為主，句子構(gòu)造比較嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。常見漢譯英技巧：1原序?qū)ψg順譯法2分句合譯3斷句分譯1一旦隔離，拘禁在花園山坡上一幢小房子里，頓感

13、被打入冷宮，十分郁郁不得志起來。Once I was deposed into a cold palace on the hillside of the garden, I suddenly felt I was neglected and became very depressed.2他們其中有一半是近5年才來到溫哥華地區(qū)的，使溫哥華成為亞洲以外最大的中國人聚居地。 Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver over the past five years only, rendering/making Vancouver the larges

14、t area outside Asia where the Chinese inhabit.3一個人的生命終究有多大意義，這有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以衡量嗎？誤譯1：Is there a criteria to measure how meaningful ones life is.誤譯2： Are there any criterion to measure the meaning of ones life?誤譯3： Are there any standard to measure the significance of ones life?Ref: What is the significance

15、of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement?4一個春天的黃昏，園中百花怒放，父母在園中設(shè)宴，一時賓客云集，笑語四溢。譯文1：On a spring evening in the garden, flowers bloomed merrily, parents arranged a dinner, guests came together and bursts of laughter soared above.譯文2：One spring evening, my parents held a banquet in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom. Instantly, a crowd of guests gathered together and their laughter was heard all over there.5中國民族自古以來從不把人看作高于一切，在哲學(xué)文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬物占著一個比例較為恰當(dāng)?shù)牡匚?，而非絕對統(tǒng)治萬物的主宰。Chinese people has never thought of / regarded hu