現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法：過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作到目前為止這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。如：1） I have finished my homework.我做完家庭作業(yè)了。（過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始做， 到現(xiàn)在已完成）2）He has already come 他已經(jīng)來(lái)了。（過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始離開(kāi)某地到這來(lái)，現(xiàn) 在已在這。）表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去并延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如：1） I have studied English for six years.我已經(jīng)學(xué)了六年英語(yǔ)了。（六年前開(kāi)始學(xué)英語(yǔ)，一直學(xué)到現(xiàn)在，也可能繼續(xù)學(xué)也可能就此不學(xué)了。）2） I have lived in She nya ng si nee 1990.我從 1990

2、 年就在沈陽(yáng)住。（從1990年開(kāi)始住在沈陽(yáng)一直住到現(xiàn)在，也可能繼續(xù)住也可能就此為止。）二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)1） 肯定式：主語(yǔ)+ have / has +過(guò)去分詞2） 否定式：主語(yǔ)+ have / has + not +過(guò)去分詞3）般疑問(wèn)式Have / Has + 主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞4）特殊疑問(wèn)式特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)包括“now, today, toni ght, this week, this year;already, yet,just,|Rece ntly etc ”。例如：I have had a dog now 我現(xiàn)

3、在有一個(gè)小狗了We have lear ned about 3000E nglish wordsby the end of this term.到上學(xué)期末我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了 3000個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。I haven t heared from h im recently . 最近我沒(méi)收至U他的信.。 注意1）當(dāng)表示一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用 for或since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)。 例如：I ve known Li Li for 4 years .我認(rèn)識(shí)麗麗已經(jīng)4年了。I have worked here since 8 years ago. 自從 8 年前我就在這工作。 注意2）當(dāng)在肯定陳述句中含有already

4、或just時(shí)，在轉(zhuǎn)換成否定句時(shí)，要把句中的already或just去掉，在句末加上yet.例如：I have already seen the film. I haven t seen the film yet. He has just come.He hasn t come yet?四、使用時(shí)注意事項(xiàng)1.“have/ has got ”形式上是一種完成時(shí)，但和have/ has為同一意思“有” 例如： Have you got pen-friends? Yes, I have.你有筆友嗎？是的，我有。Has he got a lot of work to do? No, he hasn t.

5、他有許多工作要做嗎？不，他沒(méi)有。2. have/has gone to have/ has gone to have/ has bee n to have/ has bee n in、have/has been to和 have/has been in 的區(qū)別。去了，在去某地的路上或在某地，人還未回來(lái) 曾經(jīng)去過(guò)，人已經(jīng)回來(lái)了已經(jīng)在，常與一段時(shí)間連用He has bee n to She nya ng before.他以前曾去過(guò)沈陽(yáng)。He has bee n in She nyang for ten years.他在沈陽(yáng) 10 年了。Has he gone to She nyang? 他去沈陽(yáng)了

6、嗎？have/ has been to常和 once, twice, never, ever 連用；have/ has gone to 則不可。例如：Has Tom ever been to Paris?湯姆去過(guò)巴黎嗎？Yes, he s been there several times.是的，他去過(guò)好幾次了。Where have they gon e? 他們?nèi)ツ睦锪耍縏hey ve gone to Shenyang.他們?nèi)ド蜿?yáng)了。4 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（或稱(chēng)作終止性動(dòng)詞）不能用“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+表示一段時(shí)間的狀 語(yǔ)”的句型中。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有： come, go, start, leave, die, bu

7、y, fini sh, join, borrow, stop等。但它們能夠用表示持續(xù)狀態(tài)的相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞替換句中的終止性 動(dòng)詞。例如： arrive, come be here,be in buy havebeg in, sta rt be on ；get to know knowdie be deadget up be upfall asleep be asleepleave, move be away ； be out offini sh, end be overgo out be outjoi n be inborrowkeepfini sh/e nd be overope n be

8、ope nclose be closedjoin be a member of練習(xí)Kate s never seen Chinese films ， ?A. hasn t sheB. has she C. isn t sheD. is she-Ann has gone to Shanghai.-So her parents.A. has B. had C. did D. have-Mum, may I go out and play basketball?you your homework yet?A. Do ；finishB. Are ；finishingC. Did ；finishD. H

9、ave ；finished- you anywhere before?-Yes, but I can t remember where IA. Did ；surf ；surfedB. Have ； surfed ；surfed C. Did ；surf ；havesurfed D. Have ；surfed ；have surfedHis brother has been to Stone Forest twicehe came to Yunnan.A. after B. before C. since D. forTomthe CD player for two weeks.A. has l

10、ent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has hadIa letter from him since he left.A. didn t receiveB. haven t got C. didn t have D. haven theard-Have you everBeijing to see the Forbidden City?-Yes, I have.A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been toMy parents Shangdong for ten years.A. have been in B. hav

11、e been to C. have gone to D. have beenI won t go to the concert because I my ticket.A. lost B. don t lose C. have lost D. is coming Where is Mr Liu? - Hethe library.A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D.has wentThe cleaners have cleaned the streets, ?A. so they B. don t theyC. have they D.

12、haven t theyI like Beijing. I there three times.A. went B. go C. have been D. have goneWe came to Shanghai three years ago, so wehere for two years.A. have been to B. have been in C. have been D. have gone- How longyou your exam paper? - About three months.A. did ；buyB. have ；get C. have ；had D. have ；boughtHe tells me he China for over eight years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has gone tohas Mr. Brown been a member of the party since heto China?A. How soon ；comes B. How often ； got C. How long ；came D. How f ar ； arrivedHis