新高考2021屆高考英語小題必練18七選五之語段過渡題(含答案)

1、 高考英語小題必練：小題必練18：七選五之語段過渡題語段過渡題所涉及的句子是過渡句，具有承上啟下的作用，該題型主要考查考生對篇章的理解能力和對上下文之間邏輯關(guān)系的分析能力。其設(shè)空位置比較靈活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解這類題通?？刹捎梦恢门袛喾?。【典例】（2020山東卷七選五節(jié)選Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooftenwhenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.17Focusont

2、hespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Dotheopposite.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.Youdontneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.TheobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudienceTakethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlistene

3、rsHowever,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.【答案】A【解析】下句Focusonthespeaking是本段主題，建議演講者把注意力集中在演講上。上句提到一種常見現(xiàn)象，當(dāng)站起來發(fā)表演講時，演講者往往會把注意力放在“公眾上，而不是“演講上。這是錯誤的做法，A項Dotheopposite.承上啟下，說明了上句做法的錯誤，引出了下句正確的做法。故選A?！军c撥】重點閱讀該空的前一句和后一句，找出它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系或根據(jù)意義的連貫性得出答案；如果還沒有把握，再分析該段的中心句。ARegularexercise

4、isavitalpartofleadingahealthylifestyle.lSignsofover-trainingincludedecreasedperformance,chronic慢性的）tiredness,andmoodswings.Herearesomeadviceontreatingexercise-relatedconditions:Takeabreakfromexercisingfor1to2weeks.Ifyouexperiencetiredness,moodswings,oranyothersymptomsofover-training,giveyourbodyabre

5、ak.Inmostcases,1to2weeksisallitlltake.Youcandoyogaorstretchingduringthetimeoff.Whenyoustartexercisingagain,takeitslow,andrestamusclegroupforatleastaday.2.Seeyourdoctorifrestingfor1to2weeksdoesnthelp.3.Theycandiagnoseaninjuryandrecommendatreatmentplanforyourspecificneeds.Theymightalsorecommendyoutose

6、eamentalhealthprofessional.Itmightalsobehelpfultogethelpfromapersonaltrainerorphysiotherapist.Theycanhelpyoudetermineifyouareover-trainingandmakeahealthyexerciseplanforyou.*4.Forsomepeople,thedrugscanhelpgetridoffeelingsofanxietyorobsessionrelatedtoover-trainingandcompulsive強(qiáng)（迫的）exercise.Youmightnee

7、dtotrydifferentmedicinesandamountsbeforeyoufindthebestsolution.Sideeffectscouldincludenausea,constipation,drymouth,moodchanges,andweightgain.Tellyourdoctorifyouexperiencetheseoranyothersideeffects.Talktoanadvisoraboutcompulsiveexerciseoraneatingdisorder.5.Anadvisorcanhelpyoumakethisdistinctionand,if

8、necessary,identifywhyexercisehasbecomeacompulsion.Scheduleanappointmentwithyourprimarydoctor.However,exercisingtoomuchcancausesignificanthealthrisks.Whenyoubeginexercisingagain,stickto45minutesorlessperday.Askyourdoctoriftheyneedtorecommendadrugtotreatdepression.Itmightbetoughtodistinguishbetweendev

9、otiontoasportandcompulsiveexercise.Ifyouthinkyoumightbeoverdoingit,stopexercisingfor1to2weeks.Forinstance,ifyouworkoutusingabicycleonMonday,exerciseyourupperbodythefollowingday.【答案】1-5BGADE【解析】這是一篇說明文。有規(guī)律的運(yùn)動是健康生活的一部分，但是過度運(yùn)動會造成表現(xiàn)下降慢性疲勞和情緒波動，文章針對怎么治療運(yùn)動相關(guān)的疾病給出了一些建議。1下一句提到“過度訓(xùn)練的跡象是表現(xiàn)力下降，慢性疲勞和情緒波動?！背薪酉挛?，

10、B選項“然而，過度訓(xùn)練會造成重大健康風(fēng)險?！鼻蓄}，且選項中的exercisingtoomuch與下文的over-training呼應(yīng)。故選B。上文提到“當(dāng)你再次鍛煉時，慢一點，讓肌肉群休息至少一天?！背薪由衔?，G選項“例如，如果你周一騎自行車，接下來的一天就可以鍛煉上肢?！鼻蓄}。騎自行車是鍛煉的下肢，鍛煉上肢就是在休息下肢肌肉群。故選G。前文提到“如果休息1到2周還是沒起作用，就要去看醫(yī)生?！背薪由衔?A選項“與你的主治醫(yī)生預(yù)約。”切題。前文的Seeyourdoctor與選項Scheduleanappointmentwithyourprimarydoctor呼應(yīng)。故選A。下文提到“對一些人而言

11、，藥物可以幫助擺脫與過量訓(xùn)練和強(qiáng)迫訓(xùn)練有關(guān)的焦慮和困擾?！背薪酉挛?，D選項“如果他們需要推薦治療抑郁癥的藥物，咨詢你的醫(yī)生?！鼻蓄}。下文的thedrugs與選項中的drug呼應(yīng)。故選D。下文提到“咨詢師可以幫你區(qū)分，而且，如果有必要的話，也能幫你找出為什么鍛煉變成了一種強(qiáng)迫”，承接下文，E選項“也許，區(qū)分熱愛運(yùn)動和強(qiáng)迫運(yùn)動很難?！鼻蓄}。選項中的distinguish與下文中的makethisdistinction呼應(yīng)。故選E。BInternetaddictionisacommonproblemthatcanbejustasdamagingasanyotherformofaddiction.6T

12、hereareseveralwaystohelpreduceyourinternettrouble.7.Exercising,readingabook,writing,studying,knitting,anddoingcrosswordpuzzlesareallbetteralternativestomindlesslybrowsingtheinternet.Ifyouwanttocutbackonhowoftenyouareusingtheinternetbutarentsurewhattodowiththeextratime,identifyafewactivitiesthatyouen

13、joyandpickonetodoinsteadwhenyourefeelingtheurgetogoonline.Youcanalsouserelaxationtechniquestoreducestressandanxiety，forexample,yoga,meditation,progressivemusclerelaxation,anddeepbreathing.8.Therefore,insteadofreachingforyoursmartphoneorlaptopwhenyouarefeelingstressed,tryusingoneofthesetechniquestoca

14、lmyourself.Besides,youcanreachouttofriendsandfamilytobuildmoreinterpersonalconnections.9.Ifyoureeagerforsocialinteraction,callupafriendandmakeplanstodosomethingfun,orarrangeafamilydinnerorgamenight.Finally,watchforsignsofinternetaddictionandseekhelpifyounoticethem.Ifyouareconcernedaboutbecomingaddic

15、tedtotheinternet,stayingawareofthesignsofinternetaddictionmaypreventthesituationfromgettingworse.10.Besides,immediateactionisalwaysthetoppriority.Sometimesyouarejustlonely.Youcangoforawalkinnature.Tooworriedaboutit?Anyway,everylittleaddsup.Youmayfallbackintothehabitagain.Theyareallgreatwaystorelax.Y

16、oucandosomehealthyactivitiesinstead.【答案】6-10CGFAD【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。針對網(wǎng)癮，文章提出了幾種有效的解決方法。根據(jù)下一句Thereareseveralwaystohelpreduceyourinternettrouble.有幾種方法可以幫助你減少上網(wǎng)的麻煩?？芍颂巸?nèi)容與對網(wǎng)癮擔(dān)憂有關(guān)，因此選項C“太擔(dān)心了？”符合題意。it指代前文，故選C項。根據(jù)下一句Exercising,readingabook,writing,studying,knitting,anddoingcrosswordpuzzlesareallbetteralternati

17、vestomindlesslybrowsingtheinternet.鍛煉身體、讀書、寫作、學(xué)習(xí)、編織、做填字游戲都是比漫無目的地瀏覽互聯(lián)網(wǎng)更好的選擇?？芍颂巸?nèi)容與可以做一些健康活動代替上網(wǎng)有關(guān)，因此選項G“你可以做一些健康的活動來代替。”符合題意。故選G項。根據(jù)上一句Youcanalsouserelaxationtechniquestoreducestressandanxiety，forexample,yoga,meditation,progressivemusclerelaxation,anddeepbreathing.你也可以使用放松技巧來減少壓力和焦慮，例如，瑜伽，冥想，漸進(jìn)式肌肉

18、放松和深呼吸。 14. 可知，此處內(nèi)容與使用一些減少壓力和焦慮的放松技巧有關(guān)，因此選項F“它們都是很好的放松方式?！狈项}意。故選F項。根據(jù)下一句Ifyoureeagerforsocialinteraction,callupafriendandmakeplanstodosomethingfun,orarrangeafamilydinnerorgamenight.如果你渴望社交互動，你可以打電話給朋友，計劃做些有趣的事情，或者安排一次家庭晚餐或游戲之夜?？芍?，此處內(nèi)容與做一些減輕孤獨(dú)的活動有關(guān)，因此選項A“有時候你只是孤獨(dú)。”符合題意。故選A項。根據(jù)上一句Ifyouareconcernedabo

19、utbecomingaddictedtotheinternet,stayingawareofthesignsofinternetaddictionmaypreventthesituationfromgettingworse.如果你擔(dān)心自己會對網(wǎng)絡(luò)上癮，那么留意網(wǎng)絡(luò)成癮的跡象可以防止情況變得更糟。可知，此處內(nèi)容與注意網(wǎng)癮的跡象并采取行動有關(guān)，因此選項D“無論如何，積少成多?！狈项}意。故選D項。CMakeYourApplication（申請表）StandOutCollegesanduniversitiesintheUSreceivethousandsofapplicationseveryyear

20、fromwithintheUSandfromcountriesallaroundtheworld.11.Howcanyoumakeyourselfmorememorableamongthesestudents?Realizethatrecommendedequalsrequired.Theveryfirstthingthatanyapplicanttoacollegeshouldrealizeisthatitisacompetitiveprocess.12.Infact,certainpartsmayevenbepresentedthatwayinuniversityapplicationma

21、terialsbuttherealityisthatanythingthattheuniversitypresentsasoptionalorrecommendedisusuallyseenasrequiredinthemindsofadmissionofficers.Donthesitatetosendinextramaterials.Whileitusedtobethecasethatuniversitieswouldmakeitveryclearthattheywouldnotacceptextramaterials,thatisnolongertrueinmostcases,andin

22、manycases,universitieswillacceptallkindsofmaterials.13.butitcouldmakethedifferencewhenyouareontheborderline.Duringschoolbreaks,makesurethatyouaredoingsomethingthatshowsyouracademiccuriosity,yourinitiative,andyourwillingnesstoworkhard.Bonuspointsifyouractivityproducessomethingthatcouldbeeasilyunderst

23、oodbyadmissionoffices,andifthisactivityissomethingyouvebeendoingfortwoormoreyears.Beeagerandfocusonqualitycommunication.15.Answeremailswithoutdelay;sendthank-youletters;andaskgoodandthoughtfulquestions.LanguagethatmightbeOKwhenmessagingyourfriendsiscertainlynottherighttonewhencommunicatingwithadmiss

24、ionofficers.Itislikelythatallofyouremailsgointoyouradmissionfile,soyouwillmakesurethatallofitwillbeabletostandcloseexaminationbytheadmissioncommittee.Onemightthinkofmanypartsoftheapplicationasoptional.Youareexpectedtopresentyourselfthoroughlyintheprocess.Useyourextratimewisely.Communicatingwellwillg

25、enerallybetoyourbenefit.Buthowcanyoumakeyoursstandoutfromthepile?Makesurethelanguageyouuseisformalandcareful.Extramaterialswontsuddenlymakeyoucompetitive.【答案】11-15EAGCD【解析本文是說明文。文章開篇提出美國的大學(xué)每年要從國內(nèi)外收到成千上萬的大學(xué)申請，如何讓你的申請脫穎而出？作者提出了四個方面的建議:準(zhǔn)備材料的時候要意識到文件中提到的“建議”其實等同于“必需”；要毫不猶豫地遞交額外的材料；有效利用假期時間積累課外活動材料；與校方保持有效的溝通。四個建議相對獨(dú)立但又互相關(guān)聯(lián)，四個建議都有醒目的主題句，便于學(xué)生理解并理