成人零基礎(chǔ)-英語常用9種時態(tài)教學(xué)課件

1、成人零基礎(chǔ)_英語常用9種時態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時 一般動詞主語為第三人稱的單數(shù)加S（1）表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)（2）表示現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài) there are many visitors in the Zoo。 在動物園里有很多客人。 Here comes the bus. 公車來了。（3）表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍用法Weoftenwritetoeachother. David often sleeps during class. My parents take excrcise in the park every morning . 常與always，usually，often，sometime

2、s，everyday，onceaweek，yearly每年，monthly每月， 等時間狀語或頻率副詞連用。 The sun rises in the east. Light goes faster than soundThe earth moves around the sun. （4）用于狀語從句代替一般將來時eg.You will succeed if you try .I will tell him about it as soon as I see him next Monday. 常與連詞：when , as soon as , before , after , until , i

3、f 如果，等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語或條件狀語從句1）在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago等。 Where did you go just now?2）表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street.3）wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。I thought you might have some. 2一般過去時 一般動詞過去式動詞不分人稱加 ed

4、 1)be going to +不定式，表示將來。表示用于實(shí)現(xiàn)性非常高的事或事先計(jì)劃好的未來。 Tomorrow , morning afternoon evening， the day after tomorrow .Next week /year , in時間-In a few day (幾天后) in a week ( 在一星期之后) What are you going to do tomorrow? Im going to visit my uncle tomorrow . I have to buy the ladder because Im going to paint the

5、house . I dont feel good .Im afraid that Im going to be sick. 恐怕要感冒了。 Are they going to have a party on christmas Eve? Will(將要)-will 原型動詞 表示純粹的未來We will leave school soon. I will not change my mind . 我不會改變主意。/ Ill not /I wont I will be 20 years old next year. 我明年將20歲了。（ 不能用am going to ）A:I cant move

6、 this large box .B:Ill do it for you .我會幫你做。 3一般將來時 2)be +不定式表將來，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 3)be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing.Peter _ (play) basketball twice a week.2. Do you believe what he _ (say) just now?3. Look! The lazy cat _ (sleep) in

7、the sofa.4. There _(be) a book and two pens on the desk.5. _you _(see ) a film tomorrow morning? 6. She _(not play) the guitar at the moment.7. What _his father usually _(do) in the evening ?8. They _ ( have ) a meeting next week, arent they? 9. Both he and I _ (be) teachers. 10. I _ (not feel ) ver

8、y well yesterday .11. He put on his coat and _ (go) out.12. Lei Feng often _ (help) others. Next Sunday, we _ (clean) up the park.14. Hurry! Your mother _ (wait) for you at the gate.Practiseplayssaidis sleepingisAregoing to seeisnt playingdoesdoare going to havearedidnt feelwenthelpsare going to cle

9、anis waiting4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 be（am/is/are）+現(xiàn)在分詞3表示最近的未來即將發(fā)生動作。Come go start leave arrive Im leaving for Kenting tomorrow. My boyfrined is coming to see me this afternoon.1表示說話此刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的行為（時間特征：now, at the moment；動作提示：look） We are waiting for you now. Look, they are swimming. we are eating breakfast now. Joh

10、n is watching the baseball game on TV now . 2現(xiàn)階段的行為表示長期的動作，說話時動作未必正在進(jìn)行。（時間特征：this term, these days）He is always complaining. 抱怨The cars breaking down all the time . Mr. Green is writing another novel. How are you doing in your work this year?1表示過去某一時間正在進(jìn)行中的動作 We were palying chess at eight yessterda

11、y evening . 比較：We played chess yesterday evening （ 過去式）一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。Lily was talking a bath when the doorbell rang My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.It was raining when they left the station. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 2.表示過去時間某一

12、期限中反復(fù)性的動作whenever I visited him ,he was watching TV. 我無論什么時候去看他，他都是在看電視In those days we were getting up at six oclock. 那些天里我們都是6點(diǎn)起床。5.過去進(jìn)行時 Be動詞was /were Ving 3 描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.It was raining when they left the station. When I got to the to

13、p of the mountain, the sun was shining. 1) 表示將來某時進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動作，或按預(yù)測將來會發(fā)生的事情。Shell be coming soon.Ill be meeting him sometime in the future.2）常用的時間狀語Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow eveningBy this time tomorrow, Ill be lying on the beach.6.將來進(jìn)行時 will be

14、doing.1.表示動作已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。常與一些時間狀語連用：already; by this time; ever; recently till now 等。They have already finished reading the text .He has seen the film before. 2.表示動作發(fā)生在過去，且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至還可能延續(xù)下去。since +時間起點(diǎn)for+時間長度 I have lived in the small village since last year. I began to learn English

15、 one month ago （過去時） I have learned English for one month. 我學(xué)英文學(xué)三年了（現(xiàn)在完成時） I have learned English scince one month ago .我從三年前就學(xué)英文了 We have known each other for ten years /since ten years ago/we were children.7現(xiàn)在完成時 Have/ has 過去分詞P.P 3.經(jīng)驗(yàn)1. every, never, often 2. once, twice . beforeHave you ever vis

16、ited National Palace Museum?你曾參觀過故宮嗎？NO,I have never visited there beforeNo, never have . No never. Did you ever visit national palace museum? No. I never visited there before No, never did.My young sister really likes that movie ,she has watched it five times. He was busy yesterday He is busy now H

17、e will be busy tomorrow He worked yesterday He works very day He is going to work tomorrowHe has been busy from yesterday.He has worked for 2 days.比較一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時 1）一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作；現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。 2）一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。一般過去時的時間狀語：yesterday, last

18、 week，ago, in1980, in October, just now等現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now,by 等，皆不確定的時間狀語。I saw this film yesterday. （強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了）I have seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了）Why did you get up so early? （強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動作已發(fā)生過了）瞬間動作用現(xiàn)在完成時 其后不可加一段時間。Died 動詞不能持續(xù) Dead形容詞可持

19、續(xù)His father has died for ten years His father died ten years ago . 過去式 His father has been dead for ten years 完成時 Amy has bought the car for one year. Amy has bought the car already. 或Amy bought the car ans has owned for one year. AmMr Green has gone toNew York on business.他已經(jīng)去紐約出差了。（現(xiàn)在完成時） Mr Green

20、 went to New York on business 他去紐約出差過 （過去時） 2 Have been to 及 Have gone to Have been to -曾經(jīng)去過（某處）剛才去了（某處） Have gone to -已經(jīng)去了（某處）只用第三人稱。 I have just been to the station to see her off. she has gone to Europe . 她已經(jīng)去歐洲了。Did you ever go to a basketball game ? 你曾經(jīng)去看過籃球比賽嗎？（過去時）Have you ever been to a bask

21、etball game ? 你曾經(jīng)去看過籃球比賽嗎？現(xiàn)在完成時）Mr wang has gone to America for three days . Mr wang has gone to America. Mr wang has been in America for three days1) 表示到過去某一時間點(diǎn)為止動作或狀態(tài)的持續(xù)及完成 The movie had begun when we arrived at the cinema. They had known each other for ten years when they finally got married.2) 表

22、示過去一段時間中的經(jīng)驗(yàn) I had never spoken to a foreigner before I got into university.在我進(jìn)大學(xué)之前,我從未和外國人說過話 She told me the story of the opera歌劇的情節(jié) because she had seen it before.3) 表示比過去時間點(diǎn)更早之前的動作I lost the watch which my uncle had bought for me. I didnt know that the band had broken up.注意若純粹敘述兩件過去的事情,不強(qiáng)調(diào)先后順序, 都

23、可用過去式1. My uncle bought a watch for me and I lost it.2. The band broke up but I didnt know that.8過去完成時 表示過去的過去 had+過去分詞 概念 a. 狀態(tài)完成：表示某事繼續(xù)到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態(tài)。b. 動作完成：表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前，已經(jīng)完成的動作或已獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。1) 到未來某個時間前, 可以預(yù)測的結(jié)果. The concert will have finished by the time we get there.在我們到達(dá)那里之前,音樂會就會結(jié)束了吧The lake

24、will have frozen by tomorrow morning.明天早上前,湖應(yīng)該會結(jié)冰了吧2) 到未來某個時間前, 可以預(yù)測的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或持續(xù)狀態(tài) I will have failed the driving test three times if I fail tomorrow. You will have studied English for six years by the time you finish high school.They will have been married for 20 years by then.You will have reached Shang

25、hai by this time tomorrow.9將來完成時 will+have+p.p. 1. He has promised to behave better later.2. The boy decided not to become a sailor.3. I hope to go to college. 4. He agreed to help us.5. She chose to study chemistry. 6. He failed to catch up with him. 7. Do you wish to eat alone? promise, decide, ho

26、pe, agree, choose, fail, wish, learn+ to do sth.I.Eg. enjoy, finish, keep, mindsuggest, cant help e.g 1. 他對聽音樂總是興致勃勃。 He always enjoys listening to music. 2. 我打掃完房間了 I have finished cleaning the room. 3. 你不能像這樣老變主意。 You shouldnt keep changing your ideas like this. + doing sth.my cominggoing outcryin

27、g4. Would you mind _ with you?5. He suggested _ for a walk. 6. I couldnt help _. II. love, hate, forget, remember stop, like, try , mean+to do sth.doing sth.Mary loves_. I hate _. 她忘記寄這封信了。 She forgot _. 我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了初次寄信的情景。 Ill never forget _ a letter for the first time. I remember _ her once. = I rememb

28、er that I _ ( see )her once. Remember _ me.reading / to readto trouble / troubling himto post the letterIII.postingseeing saw to phone他停下來跟我說話。He stopped _. 他停止講話 He stopped _. 他喜歡游泳。He likes _. 我不想打擾你。I dont like _. 她試著解決這個問題。She tried _.她努力地找你。She tried _我本來打算今天給你這本書的，可是我忘了。I meant _ today, but I

29、forgot.這意味著浪費(fèi)時間。This means _ much time.to talk with metalking swimmingto disturb yousolving this problemto find you to give you this book wasting IV. order,wanttell,invite ask, beg advise,allowwarn 1. I asked him _here early.+ sb. to do sth.to cometo seeto run2. Order him _ a doctor. 命令他去找醫(yī)生看看。3. I

30、advised him _ fast. 我建議他跑快點(diǎn)。4. The police warned him not to be speeding/run the red light. make, have , let , see, watch, hear, feel , notice + sb. do sth.e.g I cant make the horse go. 我無法使這匹馬走動。 I wont have (允許，容許) you say such things. 我可不許你說這樣的話。 My mother wouldnt let me go to the film. 我媽媽不會讓我去看電

31、影的。 Did you notice him leave the house? 你看到他離開房間了嗎？ I often hear him sing the song. V. be +happy, glad, pleased angry, sorry, luckyslow, quick, careful ready, nice + to do sth.e.g I am sorry to hear that. He is wrong to say so.I was very lucky to get it so cheap.我這么便宜地買到它,真是幸運(yùn)極了。Be careful not to fall off the ladder.當(dāng)心別從梯子上掉下來。He is ready to help . 愿意幫忙bring(帶給某人), bri