2023版高三英語主題語境復(fù)習(xí)方案新教材：課時分層作業(yè)31　人與環(huán)境、人與動植物

1、 課時分層作業(yè)(三十一).閱讀理解A(2021蘇北適應(yīng)性考試)Familyfriendly walksPadley GorgeNext to Grindleford Station, eight miles north of Bakewell，lies Padley Gorge. Trails are kept as natural as possibleits more a case of finding the gaps in the woods than following a path.Longshaw EstateThe 1.7mile walking route around th

2、is National Trust estate skirts the upper end of Padley Gorge. Children love the stepping stones, though Longshaw is mostly all about the giant fallen trees, left in place for little hands and feet to delightfully climb over.Higger TorA pile of giant rocks dominates Higger Tor, the best of several l

3、ookouts along the Ringinglow Road between Hathersage and Sheffield. Walk through the nearby fields, then let the kids climb over hundreds of strangely smooth grey stones. The views out over the Hope Valley are great and impressive, and the rock pools in Burbage Brook are perfect for rowing in.Stanag

4、e EdgePopular with rock climbers, this stone cliff marks the boundary of the mysterious land of the Dark Peak cliff and the grasscovered flat land of White Peak. Its a six miles circular walk from Hathersage. Alternatively, park at the Hollin Bank Car Park and climb half a mile to the top, out of br

5、eath.Chatsworth EstateA threemile circle from Calton Lees Car Park takes in a ruined factory, the pretty village of Edensor and views of Chatsworth House. Appreciate the stretch along the River Derwentdeer often hang out there.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了五處適合家庭散步的地點，以及它們的特色。1Whom is the text intended for?AF

6、riends.BFarmers.CFamilies. DClimbers.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)標題“Familyfriendly walks”以及整篇文章所介紹的內(nèi)容可知這篇文章是寫給家庭的。2Which walks are most suitable for children?AHigger Tor and Stanage Edge.BLongshaw Estate and Higger Tor.CPadley Gorge and Longshaw Estate.DStanage Edge and Chatsworth Estate.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Longshaw Estate部分中的“C

7、hildren love the.climb over.”以及Higger Tor部分中的“then let the kids climb over hundreds of strangely smooth grey stones”可知，這兩個地點最適合孩子們?nèi)ド⒉健?During which walk are you likely to meet animals?APadley Gorge.BLongshaw Estate.CStanage Edge.DChatsworth Estate.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Chatsworth Estate部分中的“deer often hang out t

8、here”可知，在Chatsworth Estate散步很可能會遇到動物。B(2021沈陽市質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)When I first got the bird, it must have only just been hatched. Its mother had disappeared, leaving it alone and shivering in the face of the north wind. I decided to take it straight back and build it a new home.At that time, we grew a great many f

9、lowers in our house.Next to one hanging orchid (蘭花) I hung another empty flowerpot and it was in this pot that the bird was to have its new home. When Dad got home, he immediately discovered the new addition to our family. Without saying a word, he turned around and left the house. After some time,

10、he returned and I saw that he had a handful of grass and pine needles. Obviously, Dad thought the nest I had made was far too rough and so he had decided to decorate it himself.“A bird born at this time of year wont survive the winter.”In spite of this prediction on the birds future, Dad very carefu

11、lly fashioned the nest himself. Soon I found “Nuo Nuo” (Dad had named him) had started to grow feathers. They looked like such fine little hairs that you could only notice them if you looked really closely. I only discovered them because every day I would cup him in my hands and look at him.Dad prob

12、ably realized that he had been a little cruel in his prediction. You see, he had already started training Nuo Nuo to walk. As you know, Nuo Nuo lived in a flowerpot, not a cage or anything. When he had nothing else to do, he walked around his little home. There were times when he was a bit naughty t

13、oo and he jumped down onto our dining table.It was obvious that Nuo Nuo didnt realize he was a bird. He perhaps thought he was one of the family. But it is not enough for a bird to walk. It must fly as well. Dad soon began attempting to make him learn this new ability, but it was not an easy task.Af

14、ter all, nobody in our family had mastered the art of flying.We didnt even have wings. How could we ask Nuo Nuo to do something that we had no means of doing ourselves?The flying lessons went on regardless. Dad jumped off a chair, waving his arms as if his life depended on it, in an attempt to encou

15、rage Nuo Nuo to shake his wings. Surprisingly，this stupid action of Dads did actually have an effect. Nuo Nuo began to shake his wings and started to rise.Everything is hard in the beginning. But seeing as what we had already started, the fact that Nuo Nuo couldnt fly was no reason not to continue t

16、rying. Nuo Nuo learnt to fly finally and he survived the winter as well.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了小鳥“諾諾”自幼便失去母親，在作者和作者父親的幫助下，它不但在嚴冬存活了下來，還學(xué)會了飛翔的故事。4According to the text, what is the new addition to the family?AOne hanging orchid.BAnother empty flowerpot.CThe little bird.DA handful of grass.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二

17、句可知，在一盆蘭花的旁邊，我又掛了一個空花盆，這只鳥就是在這個花盆里安家的；據(jù)此可知，家庭的新成員是指這只小鳥，故C項正確。5Why is it not an easy task to make the bird learn to fly?ABecause the bird was raised in the cage.BBecause the bird was one of the family.CBecause the family didnt want to teach him to fly.DBecause the family didnt have relevant experien

18、ce.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“After all，nobody in our family had mastered the art of flying.”可知，我們?nèi)覜]有一個人掌握飛行技巧，所以難以教會小鳥“諾諾”飛行，故D項正確。6Whats the familys attitude towards the bird?ACruel.BConsiderate.CTolerant. DUnconcerned.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知，父親認為我做的窩太粗糙了，決定用草和松針重新裝飾；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，見到“諾諾”不會飛翔，父親揮舞著手臂從椅子上跳了起來，教小鳥飛行。據(jù)此可

19、以判斷，全家人對小鳥體貼細心，故B項正確。7What can we learn from the last paragraph?AAll the predictions may come true.BNothing is difficult in the beginning.CEverything deserves a try though hard.DThere is always a reason to do something.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第一、二句可知，萬事開頭難。但鑒于我們已經(jīng)開始了，“諾諾”不能飛行的事實沒有理由不繼續(xù)嘗試。據(jù)此可以判斷，每件事都值得一試，盡管很難。故C項

20、正確。C(2021濰坊市聯(lián)考)Youve likely encountered the humblebrag beforeboasting(吹噓)disguised as a complaint, such as: “Im having such a stressful day. I got two job offers and I dont know what to do.”This is a typical example of humblebragging, a term coined by comedic writer Harris Wittels referring to “a sp

21、ecific type of boast that allows the offender to broadcast their achievements without the necessary shame and guilt that should normally accompany such claims”. In simpler terms, its a way to disguise a boast with some humility. Humblebragging comes in two different forms. The first is humilitybased

22、, an example being，“I cant believe I got the highest grade in my class”. The second type comes mixed with a bit of complaint, for example，“I cant believe that shopkeeper asked me for ID.Im 25！”People dont like when others humblebrag because they find they are lacking in sincerity. Sincerity is a cri

23、tical dimension of social evaluation, which is viewed as fundamental to peoples identity. In fact, sincerity is prized even above competence and warmth in others, according to Dr. Sezer.If humblebragging doesnt work, and no one likes it, why do we still do it? We all want to highlight our positive q

24、ualities without seeming proud. By speaking in a complaint or an expression of humility, we hope well somehow land on the “sweet spot” of selfpresentation: promoting ourselves while also conveying likability. In addition, research suggests that people may experience positive emotions while humblebra

25、gging.Considering that were all likely to feel the urge to humblebrag, at least to some extent, the proper response when we hear a friend doing it may be to simply let it gobecause ultimately were going to do it ourselves, and to be who really want to be called out on it?【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一種人們在日

26、常交流中會用到的說話方式：以看似謙虛的方式或用苦惱的口吻自吹自擂，即網(wǎng)絡(luò)上流行的“凡爾賽”文學(xué)。8Which of the following remarks is an example of humblebragging?AHow I hate hearing my voice on TV!BIm thrilled to be awarded the first prize.CIm the only person to get promoted in the firm.DHow I dislike doing the same thing every day!A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中對hu

27、mblebragging的定義“a specific type of boast that allows the offender to broadcast their achievements without the necessary shame and guilt that should normally accompany such claims”可知，humblebragging是一種以看似謙虛的方式或用苦惱的口吻吹噓自己的說話方式，故A項正確。9Which can best describe peoples impression of humblebraggers?AHonest.

28、BHumble.CInsincere. DIncapable.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“People dont like when others humblebrag because they find they are lacking in sincerity.”可知，當(dāng)人們聽到別人吹噓自己的時候，會覺得說話者不真誠，故C項正確。humble“謙遜的”；insincere“不誠懇的，虛偽的”；incapable“無能力的”。10Why do people humblebrag?ATo lift their spirits.BTo express their complaints.CTo

29、improve their moral qualities.DTo show off without bringing annoyance.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“We all want to highlight our positive qualities without seeming proud”可知，人們以看似謙虛的方式或用苦惱的口吻吹噓自己是為了以一種不讓人感到生氣的方式炫耀自己，故D項正確。11What are people advised to do when hearing a humblebrag from a friend?AFollow it up.BLeave i

30、t alone.CTurn against it.DGet to the root of it.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“the proper response when we hear a friend doing it may be to simply let it go”可知，在面對別人吹噓他們自己的時候，我們最好的回應(yīng)是置之不理，故B項正確。D(2021長春市質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)Since the day the car and the airplane coexisted people have dreamed of combining them into one allpurpose，

31、goanywhere，doanything vehicle.However，there are a lot of reasons why cars and airplanes have yet to join forces.They have very different needs，like the number of wheels.The four wheels on a car distribute its weight and provide traction and stability.A 3wheel car is much more likely to roll when tak

32、ing a turn at high speed.But airplanes have three wheels because when theyre on the ground they dont need to take turns at speed，so a 4th wheel would just be unnecessary weight.Tricycle wheel arrangements are also better suited to landing in crosswinds.Aircraft also have other needs like wings.Wheth

33、er theyre fixed wings like an airliner or rotary wings like a helicopter，to generate enough lift they have to be much larger than what the restricted freeway lanes and parking spaces would allow.So most designs for flying cars have wings that are either detachable (可拆卸的) or foldable.That hasnt stopp

34、ed some people from trying，and now one Dutch company，PALV，thinks their Liberty design has made flying cars a practical reality.In 2005，the company discovered the work of another Dutch company，Carver，which made 3wheel cars that leaned like motorcycles.As for generating lift，PALV chose a rotary design

35、 called autogyros.Unlike a helicopter，the rotor (旋翼) of an autogyro is unpowered in flight.Instead，the air flowing over it causes it to spin and generate lift.Autogyros also have short takeoff and landing requirements，so setting one down in an emergency is less dangerous than in a fixedwing aircraft

36、.The Liberty received road certification in Europe in October of 2020，hoping to deliver to their first customers starting in 2022.【語篇解讀】文章主要介紹了制造飛行汽車要解決的問題以及一家荷蘭公司成功研制出了飛行汽車。12What can be learned from paragraph 1?AFlying cars have long been dreamed of by humans.BThe coexistence of cars and airplanes

37、 satisfies people.CThe car and the airplane are less popular nowadays.DCars and airplanes were invented at the same time.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句可知，從汽車和飛機共存的那一天起，人們就夢想著把它們結(jié)合成一個可以去任何地方、做任何事情的通用交通工具。顯然，飛行汽車一直是人們的夢想。故選A。13Why are the needs like the number of wheels and wings mentioned?ATo compare vehicles lik

38、e cars and airplanes.BTo explain the functions of wings and wheels.CTo present two major problems to be solved.DTo show the basic rules of vehicle designs.C推理判斷題。作者在文章第二段以車輪為例介紹了汽車和飛機不同的需要；文章第三段介紹了飛機對機翼的需求。結(jié)合第一段最后一句話可推知，作者提到輪子的數(shù)量和機翼的目的是呈現(xiàn)要制造飛行汽車需要解決的兩個重要的問題。故選C。14What is the advantage of Liberty ove

39、r a traditional airliner?AIt can be controlled more easily.BIts takeoff needs less space and time.CIt consumes less power when flying.DIts landing is less dangerous in emergency.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段最后一句可知，旋翼機也有短時間起飛和降落的要求，所以在緊急情況下放下旋翼機比固定翼飛機危險性小。所以Liberty的優(yōu)點是，在緊急情況下，它的著陸危險性小。故選D。15What conclusion can be d

40、rawn from the passage?AEurope gives Liberty a warm welcome.BFlying cars will replace the other vehicles.CLiberty can be seen globally once marketed.DPALV succeeds in making flying cars a reality.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，現(xiàn)在一家荷蘭公司已讓飛行汽車成為現(xiàn)實。故選D。.閱讀七選五(2021南京市、鹽城市模擬)Rules for Being the Age You AreIf you have r

41、ecently entered that period of life known as middle age，the building years of your life will be over, and what you are now is pretty much what you are going to be. Soon it will be what you were. You can no longer tell yourself that you might move to Lisbon, learn Portuguese, and take up the guitar.

42、1 Do not just give people credit. 2 Heres a funny thing Ive learned: No matter how many times you hear them, the words “You are amazing, and heres why” never go out of style.Give yourself permission to be bad. You know what youre really good at? Things youve done many times before.Mastery is boredom

43、. Unfortunately we enjoy feeling like masters. 3 We keep ourselves bored to protect ourselves from feeling stupid. 4 Nine times out of ten, youll be bored and go home early. But the tenth time, you will have a worthy experience to meet an interesting person. It will make up for those other wasted ho

44、urs.Do that thing you want to do right now. I mean，literally, pause reading this column, pick up the phone, and book that skydiving session. RIGHT NOW. Dont put it off until you have the time to really relax and enjoy it. 5 Its highly possible that you wont be able to enjoy it. I will never forgive

45、myself for passing up a chance to go to trapeze (高空秋千，吊架) school in my late 20s.AAlways do it later.BWe hate feeling like fools.CGo home as late as possible.DTell them exactly how fantastic they are.EGo to the party even when you dont want to.FThat would be approximately three decades from now.GBut

46、a set of simple rules can guide you through the rest of the way.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四條適用于中年時期的規(guī)則，包括不要只是單純地贊揚別人，做你現(xiàn)在就想做的事等。1G考查上下文銜接。由空處所在位置可知，空處承上啟下。下文列舉了幾條規(guī)則，與G項中的“a set of simple rules”相呼應(yīng)，代入G項，符合語境，因此選G。2D考查上下文銜接。本段主旨句表述不要只是單純地贊揚別人，與選項D“精確地告訴他們他們有多棒”相呼應(yīng)，因此選D。3B考查上下文銜接?？涨耙痪渲赋霾恍业氖?，我們總是喜歡成為大師，與選項B“我

47、們不喜歡成為愚者”相呼應(yīng)，同時空后的“protect ourselves from feeling stupid”也是提示。4E考查段落主旨句。此空為段首句，結(jié)合文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作本段的主旨句。本段主要講了多次去聚會后總有一次會有收獲。因此選E項。5F考查上下文銜接。此空為過渡句，空前一句表述不要把你想做的事情推遲到你有時間真正放松和享受它的時候才去做，而空后一句表述極有可能，你就不再能享受它，F(xiàn)項中的That指代上文中的the time，F(xiàn)項意為“這個時間大約會是三十年以后”，符合語境，銜接上下文。.完形填空(2021山東部分重點中學(xué)綜合測試)Hansen and his 10yearol

48、d son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to have lunch.They started Project Empathy four years ago to 1 a meal，listen to their stories and figure out how they can 2 help.“Just start with a smile, a hello. It really just starts with that. If you do it, you can m

49、ake a connection. A small gesture can have a 3 impact on others less fortunate，” Hansen 4 in an interview.Some of these shared meals have turned into stronger 5 Ward, a homeless person, was 6 in a flat. He was grateful to the Hansens for helping him 7 the difficult process of moving off the streets. “It is great to have friends who make us feel 8 and Im impressed with the pair，” Ward said.Father and sons 9 have developed into a passion project that 10 faith and community, which emphasizes the 11 co