2020版-第2部分-板塊2-第3講-構(gòu)詞法

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)第3講構(gòu)詞法全國卷考情分析題型分類典題試做命題解讀語法填空1(2018全國卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always energetic

2、 (energy)2(2018全國卷) A taste for meat is actually (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.3(2018全國卷)This switch has decreased pollution (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.1給出形容詞提示詞，

3、填寫副詞或名詞；2給出動詞，填寫名詞或形容詞；3給出名詞，填寫形容詞。短文改錯1(2018全國卷)I felt happily that their life had improved.happilyhappy2(2017全國卷)It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.suddenlysudden3(2017全國卷)In their spare time，they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden，whic

4、h is on the rooftop of their erestinginterested1形容詞和副詞的互相錯用；2形容詞和名詞的互相錯用；3ed與ing形容詞的互相錯用?？键c一 形容詞加ly變?yōu)楦痹~的規(guī)律eq avs4al(先試做題組)單句語法填空1The boy ran quickly(quick) to school.2“Whats that？” Father shouted angrily(angry)3The little girl is extremely(extreme)eager to know the result of the exam.4Your

5、composition is badly(bad)organized.Please do your writing exercise more attentively(attend)next time.eq avs4al(再解讀要點)1一般情況加ly。如：realreally；carefulcarefully；politepolitely；quickquickly2“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的，將y改為ily。如：angryangrily；busybusily；heavyheavily3以ble結(jié)尾的，將ble改為bly。如：probableprobably；possiblepossibly4個別單詞

6、，去掉e再加ly。如：truetruly5以ic結(jié)尾的，加ally。如：basicbasically；energeticenergetically名師點津有的名詞ly形容詞，如：friendfriendly；daydaily考點二 動詞/名詞變形容詞的常見后綴eq avs4al(先試做題組).單句語法填空1He is rather selfish(self) so that nobody prefers to have a talk with him.2The good working condition in the factory is attractive(attract)3He is

7、reliable(rely) so you can depend on him.4They are nervous(nerve) about their first trip abroad.5The flower is harmful(harm) to our health.單句改錯6Most people nowadays are so busy with their lives that they do not have time to enjoy a healthy and balance diet.balancebalanced7(2019大慶調(diào)研)I dont think it a

8、reason practice for them to behave that way in our society.reasonreasonableeq avs4al(再解讀要點)后綴例詞ableacceptacceptable可接受的comfortcomfortable舒適的fashionfashionable時髦的almusicmusical音樂的originoriginal最初的personpersonal個人的；私人的fuldoubtdoubtful懷疑的forgetforgetful健忘的harmharmful有害的ibleaccessaccessible容易取得的horrorho

9、rrible可怕的；恐怖的terrorterrible可怕的iveeffecteffective有效的；生效的attractattractive有吸引力的impressimpressive給人深刻印象的ouscontinuecontinuous不斷的；持續(xù)的anxietyanxious憂慮的curiositycurious好奇的sometiretiresome令人厭倦的troubletroublesome麻煩的ytastetasty美味的；可口的healthhealthy健康的wealthwealthy富裕的；豐富的erneasteastern東方的；向東的ishchildchildish孩子

10、氣的foolfoolish愚蠢的；可笑的selfselfish自私的icsciencescientific科學(xué)的economyeconomic經(jīng)濟(jì)的historyhistoric歷史上著名的aryimagineimaginary想象中的考點三 動詞變名詞的后綴eq avs4al(先試做題組).單句語法填空1(2019泰安一模)It is necessary to have a physical examination(examine) every year.2Annan will be remembered for his ability and his warmth(warm)3Withou

11、t hesitation(hesitate)，I decided to follow them and we did have lots of fun that day.單句改錯4(2019湖北八校聯(lián)考)It is a very effective way to learn the language and improve your nouncepronunciationeq avs4al(再解讀要點)后綴例詞alapproveapproval贊成；批準(zhǔn)arrivearrival到來；到達(dá)survivesurvival幸存anceenceappearappearanc

12、e出現(xiàn)；外貌performperformance表演；節(jié)目existexistence存在；生存preferpreference偏愛iontionationcompetecompetition比賽；競爭inviteinvitation邀請；請柬explainexplanation解釋(ss)iondiscussdiscussion討論；辯論decidedecision決定admitadmission接納；準(zhǔn)許入學(xué)inghearhearing聽力；聽覺beginbeginning開始mentachieveachievement功績；成就argueargument辯論；論據(jù)treattreatme

13、nt對待；治療ureturefailfailure失敗；沒做到presspressure壓力mixmixture混合；混合物yrecoverrecovery恢復(fù)；痊愈discoverdiscovery發(fā)現(xiàn)其他choosechoice選擇varyvariety多樣化；種類tendtendency趨向；趨勢考點四 形容詞變名詞的后綴eq avs4al(先試做題組).單句語法填空1Im doing Toms job in his absence(absent)2How much is the postage(post)for the package.3He has the ability(able)

14、to do the job.單句改錯4(2019山師大附中月考)We fear that we do not have the strong and courage to face the truth of our situation.strongstrengtheq avs4al(再解讀要點)后綴例詞ageshortshortage不足；短缺cyefficientefficiency效率；功效fluentfluency流利；流暢privateprivacy隱私；私密domfreefreedom自由；自在wisewisdom明智；智慧cedifferentdifference差異silents

15、ilence沉默nessweakweakness虛弱；弱點kindkindness仁慈；好意carelesscarelessness粗心大意thgrowgrowth成長；發(fā)展strongstrength力氣；強項warmwarmth溫暖；熱情ytyitysafesafety安全disabledisability無能；傷殘responsibleresponsibility責(zé)任考點五 表示人的后綴eq avs4al(先試做題組)單句語法填空1The famous actress(act)is dancing with her fans.2We should respect everyone，eve

16、n a beggar(beg)3My boss is not here.Do you like to speak to one of his assistants(assist)?eq avs4al(再解讀要點)后綴例詞erteachteacher老師villagevillager村民strangestranger陌生人(注：cookcooker爐灶，爐具)arlieliar說謊者eeemployemployee受雇者；雇員interviewinterviewee被面試者traintrainee受訓(xùn)練的人；學(xué)員orinventinventor發(fā)明家actactor男演員educateeduca

17、tor教育家；教師essactactress女演員godgoddess女神hosthostess女主人；女主持人eseChinaChinese中國人JapanJapanese日本人nAmericaAmerican美國人AustraliaAustralian澳洲人ianmusicmusician音樂家historyhistorian歷史學(xué)家politicspolitician政治家；政客istnovelnovelist小說家specialspecialist專家tourtourist旅行者；觀光者antserveservant仆人participateparticipant參加者assistas

18、sistant助手；圖書管理員考點六 表示否定或相反意義的前綴和后綴eq avs4al(先試做題組).單句語法填空1(2019青島一模)As they couldnt play outdoors，they were unhappy(happy)，and some even got into fights from time to time.2People on welfare are wrongly seen as lazy or dishonest(honest)3Informal(formal) clothes are suitable for wearing at home or in

19、ordinary situations.單句改錯4(2019張掖月考)I know as an excellent guide I should make your journey interesting and meaningless.meaninglessmeaningfuleq avs4al(再解讀要點)前/后綴例詞前綴disagreedisagree不同意advantagedisadvantage缺點illegalillegal不合法的logicalillogical不合邏輯的impoliteimpolite無禮的patientimpatient不耐煩的informalinformal

20、非正式的convenientinconvenient不方便的irregularirregular不規(guī)則的responsibleirresponsible不負(fù)責(zé)任的misleadmislead誤導(dǎo)understandmisunderstand誤解nonnonsmoker不吸煙者nonstop直達(dá)的unusualunusual不尋常的willingunwilling不愿意的后綴lesshopehopeless絕望的endendless沒完沒了的考點七 變動詞的前綴和后綴eq avs4al(先試做題組)單句語法填空1Travelling abroad can broaden(broad)our ho

21、rizons.2The clever boy has the ability to simplify(simple) that dull story.3He eventually realized(real)his ambition to become a scientist.eq avs4al(再解讀要點)前/后綴例詞前綴enableenable使能夠largeenlarge擴(kuò)大richenrich使充實后綴enbroadbroaden(使)變寬riperipen(使)成熟sharpsharpen使尖銳widewiden加寬ifyclassclassify把分類justjustify證明正確

22、simplesimplify簡化izeapologyapologize道歉emphasisemphasize強調(diào)考點八 ed形容詞和ing形容詞eq avs4al(先試做題組)單句語法填空1The frightening shout frightened the boys.The shout was frightening and the boys felt frightened(frighten)2His surprised look suggested that he knew nothing about it.(surprise)3The story sounds interesting

23、 and we are interested in the story.(interest)eq avs4al(再解讀要點)一些動詞，如excite，disappoint，encourage，puzzle，surprise，confuse，interest，satisfy，please，shock，astonish，disturb，bore等，其現(xiàn)在分詞(ing)和過去分詞(ed)都能轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。The story was very moving and we were deeply moved.這個故事非常感人，我們都被深深地感動了。易錯提示此類形容詞作定語修飾表情和聲音時，動詞的ing形

24、式和動詞的ed的區(qū)別：動詞的ing形式用來說明主語的特性，表示該表情或聲音令人怎么樣，因此譯作“令人的”；動詞的ed形式用來說明發(fā)出該表情或聲音的人所處的一種狀態(tài)。.單句語法填空1Fortunately(fortunate), Natalies family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the citys bridge closed.2Its still a useful and pleasant form of communication(communicate)3It is not surprising(surprise) that young p

25、eople are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.4Chinese scientists recently(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.5The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth(grow) in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identi

26、ty.6Some schools will have to make adjustments(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.7We should see failure(fail) as a requirement for moving towards our goals.8You can live a more powerful(power) life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself

27、.9Ants are gathering their winter food in the middle of summer and make preparations(prepare) for the long cold winter.10It is dangerous(danger) for a woman to walk alone at night.單句改錯1With each shovel of dirt which hit his back, the donkey was doing something amazed.amazedamazing2In the laboratory,

28、 chimps dont naturally share food either. Human children, on the other hand，are extremely eratecooperative3(2018蘭州模擬)When we felt hunger，we went out and had lunch.hungerhungry4The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste.tastetasty5They are true good birds that are worth every eff

29、ort we put into recovering them.truetruly.語法填空On the first day of her work, Sally found that a class full of problems was waiting for her. She was told six teachers 1 (quit) before her. When she walked into the classroom, it was chaos: two boys were fighting in a corner, yet 2. rest of the class see

30、med not to notice them; some girls were chatting and some were running about with paper, food packages and other garbage 3. (leave) everywhere.Sally walked onto the platform, 4 (pick) up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard: “Rule 1: We are family！” All students stopped 5. (look) at her. And

31、 she continued with Rule 2, Rule 3 . In the following weeks, Sally worked out 10 class rules and posted them 6 the walls of the classroom.She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.7 (surprise), Sally was not driven out like the former teachers; 8. ， s

32、he won respect from the students.Over the years, she witnessed gradual changes in the class. At the graduation ceremony, just 9. she expected, she was very proud to stand with a class of care, manners and 10. (confident)【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一名老師通過努力最終將問題班級轉(zhuǎn)化成優(yōu)秀班級的故事。1had quit(ted)考查動詞的時態(tài)。辭職動作發(fā)生在“She wa

33、s told”之前，因此需用過去完成時。2the考查冠詞。“the rest of .”是固定短語，意為“其余的”。3left考查非謂語動詞。過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示被動。4picked考查動詞的時態(tài)。老師走上講臺，拿起粉筆在黑板上寫字，構(gòu)成并列謂語。and連接三個并列的謂語動作，由walked, wrote可知，此處填所給詞的過去式。5to look考查非謂語動詞。所有學(xué)生都停下當(dāng)時所做的事情來看老師，故使用“stop to look”。6on/onto考查介詞。把規(guī)則張貼到墻上，故使用“post . on/onto the wall”。7Surprisingly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。副詞修飾整個

34、句子，翻譯為“令人驚訝的是”。8instead考查副詞。承接前文可知此處表述令人驚訝的是，Sally并沒有像其他老師那樣被趕出去，反而贏得了學(xué)生的尊重。副詞instead “反而，相反”，符合語境。9as考查定語從句。正如她所期待的那樣。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。10confidence考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用名詞作介詞of的賓語。.短文改錯Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and an inventor. He was once thought to be a boy whom was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of