臨滄市第一中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期一?？荚囉⒄Z試題含解析

1、2022-2023學(xué)年高考英語模擬試卷注意事項1考生要認(rèn)真填寫考場號和座位序號。2試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分必須用2B 鉛筆作答；第二部分必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。3考試結(jié)束后，考生須將試卷和答題卡放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1Don t worry. A number of efforts are being made _ the whole system operating normally.Abeing keptBkeptCkeepingDto keep2What has made him in s

2、uch high spirits recently?_ by his teacher for succeeding passing the exam.ABeing praised BPraisedCHaving praised DTo praise3Mary nearly missed the flight doing too much shopping.Ain need ofBon top ofCin front ofDas a result of4 You look happy today. Is there anything good? Im very delighted _ as on

3、e of the exchange students.Ato choose Bto have been chosen Cchoosing Dhaving been chosen 5That preserved historic village connected to downtown by a highway is _ many office workers spend their weekends.AwhatBhowCwhereDwhy6_ such a problem before, we handled the situation very well this time.ADeal w

4、ithBDealing withCTo deal withDHaving dealt with7Im sure that your letter will get _attention. They know youre waiting for the reply.AcontinuedBimmediateCcarefulDgeneral8We most prefer to say yes to the _ of someone we know and like.AattemptsBrequestsCdoubtsDpromises9If we_ a table in advance, we wou

5、ldnt be standing here in the long queue.AreserveBreservedChave reservedDhad reserved10Jenny，how did your math exam go?I thought I _，but in fact I came in the top 10% in the class.Amight have failedBcouldnt have failedCshould have failedDmustnt have failed11According to my mother, it is a good idea t

6、o have some chicken soup when you have a cold_, scientists agree with herASooner or later BOnce in a whileCBelieve it or not DTo be exact12The toughest thing about success is _ you have to keep on being a success.AwhyBwhenCwhatDthat13Why did you come by taxi?My car broke down last week and I still i

7、t repaired.Adidnt haveBhadnt hadChavent hadDwont have14Most students study because its unavoidable. _, there are students who actually enjoy it.AAs a resultBIn additionCIn conclusionDBy contrast15Parents often tell their children that they _ take candy from strangers.AneedntBwouldntCshouldntDdarent1

8、6If the weather had been better, we _ a picnic yesterday.Amust have hadBwould haveCcould have hadDwill have17Obviously,a good habit help us to speed up to reach our destinations.AneedBmustCcanDshall18Muir succeeds _ other designers have failedher clothes are Original, yet stylish.AthatBwhatCwhichDwh

9、ere19From my point of view, theres little chance that we will be successful in trying to change the present situation. _, it is important that we try our best.AMeanwhileBOtherwiseCThereforeDNevertheless20 _ Its only an interview! Only an interview? Only an interview? What if I panic? What if I say a

10、 silly word by accident?AWell done! BCome on!CHow come? DNo doubt!第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分） Our home galaxy(星系), the Milky Way, makes for a pretty space picture, and it looks normal at a distance. But a new 3D map reveals a surprise:_.The Milky Way is a spiral(漩渦型的) gal

11、axy, in which stars and gas clouds exist mainly in its spiral “arms”. Our massive neighbor, the Andromeda galaxy(仙女座), is also spiral. Spiral galaxies usually appear very flat and easy to see through a telescope, said the researchers.Using 1,339 large, pulsating(脈沖的) stars to make a 3D map of the Mi

12、lky Way, researchers discovered instead that the galaxys disk of stars is increasingly twisting，most likely due to the spinning of the disk. And the farther the stars are from the center, the more twisted it becomes.Previously, astronomers saw evidence of hydrogen clouds becoming warped(彎曲的) in the

13、Milky Way. This isnt completely abnormal, because astronomers have noticed the same pattern of progressively twisting spirals in about a dozen other galaxies. But it does help them make more sense of our galaxy.Because we live in this galaxy, that makes it harder to observe, and dust and starlight m

14、ake it even more difficult when using telescopes. Trying to determine what our galactic center looks like is similar to trying to find the center of a forest youre standing in.“It is extremely difficult to determine distances from the Sun to parts of the Milky Ways outer gas disk without having a cl

15、ear idea of what that disk actually looks like,” lead study author Xiaodian Chen of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing said in a statement.From afar, the Milky Way appears like a thin rotating(旋轉(zhuǎn)的) disk of stars, orbiting the center every few hundred million years. In the center, hundreds of

16、 billions of stars and dark matter hold the galaxy together.But as you move toward the outermost reaches of the galaxy, the gravitational glue of the center fades. In the outer disk, this keeps hydrogen gas from being restricted, which contributes to an S-shaped warping.“Somewhat to our surprise, we

17、 found that in 3D our collection of 1339 stars and the Milky Ways gas disk follow each other closely. This offers new insights into the formation of our home galaxy,” Richard de Grijs, senior study co-author and professor at Macquarie Universitys Department of Physics and Astronomy, said in a statem

18、ent. “Perhaps more importantly, in the Milky Ways outer regions, we found that the S-like stellar(星的) disk is warped in a progressively Twisted spiral pattern.”So the massive inner disks rotational force causes the outer disk to warp, the researchers concluded.“This research provides a crucial updat

19、ed map for studies of our galaxys stellar motions and the origins of the Milky Way,” said Licai Deng, co-author and senior researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in a statement.1、Which of the following might be the missing sentence in the first paragraph?AThe Milky Way is being warped and tw

20、isted by its stars.BThe Milky Way is spiral and orbiting itself all the time.CThe formation of our home galaxy is due to the force of gravity.DThe origin of the Milky Way lies in its rotational force.2、What does the underlined “this” refer to?Athe Milky WayBthe gravitational glueCthe fading of gravi

21、tyDthe outermost reach of the galaxy3、Which of the following is true according to the passage?AThe galaxy we live in is unique for its special spirals.BThe stars in the center of the Milky Way are more twisted.CThe distance from the sun to other stars is already known to scientists.DThe rotation of

22、its inner center forces the Milky Way to twist.4、What is the significance of this finding?AIt reveals why the Milky Way is a flat and spiral galaxy.BIt leads to a breakthrough of using 3D technology in space research.CIt proves a previous way of observing the Milky Way while we are living in it.DIt

23、contributes to our knowledge about the Milky Way.22（8分）Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an older person company and help them remember to take their medicine. That is the shared dream of the toy maker Hasbro and scientists at Brown University in Providence, Rhode I

24、sland. The researchers received a $3-nillion-dollar award from the National Science Foundation for a special project. They want to find ways to add artificial intelligence, or AI., to Hasbros “Joy for All” robotic cat.The cat has already been for sale for two years. Though priced over 200 dollars, i

25、t sold quite well. It was meant to act as a “companion” for older people. Now the project is aimed at developing additional abilities for the cat. Researchers at Browns Humanity-Centered Robotics Initiative are working to decide which activities older adults may need the most. They hope to make the

26、cat perform a small number of activities very well. Such activities include finding lost objects and reminding the person to take medicine or visit their doctor. They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.It is an idea that has appealed to Jeanne Elliot. Her 13-year-old mothe

27、r Mary Derr lives with her in South Kingstown. Derr has dementia（癡呆）. The boy for All cat that Elliot bought this year has become a true companion for Derr. The cat stays with Derr and keeps her calm while Eliot is at work. Elliot said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medi

28、cine and be careful when he walks would be greater.The researchers are trying to learn how the improved cats will complete helpful activities and how they will communicate. They say that they do not want a talking cat, however. Instead they are trying to design a cat that can move its head in a spec

29、ial way to successfully communicate its message. In the end, they hope to create an exchangebetween the human and the cat in which the human feels the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.1、Whats the purp

30、ose of the project?ATo relieve the pain of the elderly. BTo promote the sales of a medicine.CTo help make the robotic cat smarter. DTo invent a robotic cat for the elderly.2、Compared with the old model, the new robotic cat will be _.Acheaper BsmallerCmore talkative Dmore expensive3、What does Paragra

31、ph 3 intend to tell us?AThe more functions of the cat, the better. BThe cat gives much help to the elderly.CThere is no cure for dementia at present. DMary Derr would have died without the cat.4、What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe feeling of being needed is vital to the elderly.BEach fami

32、ly can afford such a cat in the future.CA talking cat is quite popular among the elderly.DFeelings of sadness among the elderly are unavoidable.23（8分） When Randy Heiss went hiking behind his Patagonia, Ariz. farm, the last thing he expected to find was a Christmas list from a little girl across the

33、US-Mexico border. “I found this balloon on my morning walk near Patagonia on Sunday. Attached to it was a piece of paper with the Christmas wishes from a little girl,” Heiss wrote on his Facebook page.When he brought the list home to his wife, who speaks fluent Spanish, they determined that the litt

34、le girl had asked for Enchantimals toys, clothes, art supplies and various other gifts. Thats when Heiss set out to make the little girls Christmas dreams come true. Heiss said he had attempted to send Christmas letters to Santa Claus via balloon when he was a kid but never received a response.Heiss

35、 sent a Facebook message on Wednesday to XENY, a radio station in Nogales, to see if it could help him track down the girl or her family. He later received a response from the station, which had determined the author of the letter was an 8-year-old girl named Dayami, and the station wanted to set up

36、 a meeting between the two on Thursday. “It just changed my entire day,” Heiss told the Washington Post. “Instead of going back to my office in Bisbee, I went with my wife to Walmart. “The couple bought almost everything on Dayamis list. They also brought a few gifts for Dayamis little sister, Ximen

37、a. They told the children they were “ ayudantes de Santa,” or Santas helpers.Heiss,60, said the experience was very healing for him and his wife. Nine years ago,the couples only son died. “ Being around children at Christmas time has been absent in our lives,” Heiss said. We now have friends for lif

38、e. For a day, that border fence with its concertina wire melted away.1、How did Dayami send out her Christmas wishes?ABy calling Heiss.BBy attaching them to a balloon.CBy writing to a radio station.DBy sending a Facebook message.2、When did Heiss know what the girl exactly wanted?AAfter the help of hi

39、s wife.BWhen he found the balloon.CAfter their meeting in America.DWhen he got a response from the radio station.3、What might make Heiss decide to fulfill the little girls Christmas wishes?AHis sons will.BThe girls request for help.CHis similar unsuccessful experience.DHis desire to make friends wit

40、h the girl.4、What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe couple got out of the pain completely.BThe experience was a great relief to the couple.CThe couple would help more children from Mexico.DThere will be no border between countries one day.24（8分） That competition keeps prices down is well kno

41、wn. But it is hard to measure by just how much, because prices vary for all sorts of reasons, from differences in labour costs and rents to taxes. Rising to the challenge is a new paper in The Economic Journal by Giacomo Calzolari, Andrea Ichino, Francesco Manaresi and Viki Nellas, economists at the

42、 European University Institute, Bologna University and the Italian central bank. They looked at pharmacies(藥房) and specifically at customers who may be particularly easy to rip off: new parents.Using data for 2007 to 2010 covering about a fifth of pharmacies in Italy, the researchers measured the wa

43、y in which prices of hygiene products for babies changed as the number of babies varied. They took advantage of a peculiar law from the 1960s, according to which regions with at most 7,500 people are allowed just one pharmacy (supposedly to keep the quality of services high). They compared prices in

44、 places with populations just below this threshold, and just above.The products studied included some 3,000 varieties of shampoos, bath foams, baby wipes, creams and so on. Many are also used by adults on themselves. Some people, for example, prefer sun-cream labeled “for children” because of its hi

45、gh level of protection. When raising prices for these products, even a pharmacist with a monopoly(壟斷) must consider the risk that adult users will switch to products that are not aimed at children. But a rise in the number of babies, and hence buyers who are parents, could tip the scales towards pri

46、ce increases. By contrast, the pharmacist should already be charging as much as parents are willing to pay for products without adult users, such as nappies.The scholars found that pharmacists raised prices when there were more new parentsbut only in regions with a single pharmacy, and not for nappi

47、es. In monopoly areas a doubling of the number of babies from one month to the next (not unusual in a small population) coincided with a 5% increase in the price of the basket of baby-hygiene products.The study is timely. Italys government has started to loosen some of the many restrictions that sto

48、p competition in the pharmacy sector (though not yet the one that the researchers relied on). But such regulations are plentiful in many other lines of business, and not just in Italy. The consumers who pay the price are often those who find it hardest to travel to shop aroundfor example, people wit

49、h crying babies on their hands.1、Whats the purpose of the study?ATo review the function of the special law for pharmacies.BTo make clear the relation between competition and prices.CTo collect the information on pharmacy business in Italy.DTo gather the data on hygiene products for babies in Italy.2

50、、“tip the scales” in Paragraph 3 means “_”.APush the moveBKeep the levelCControl the riseDBreak the balance3、The governments new measures will greatly benefit _.Apharmacy ownersBlocal merchantsCnew parentsDadult users25（10分） A dove rested on a telephone wire. Ready for takeoff, it raises its wings,

51、springs into the air and flaps away. This series of actions is so common that you probably do not pay it much attention. But University of Manchester bioinechanical engineer Ben Parslew does. He is trying to design robots that can jump like birds.Most conventional robots roll around on wheels, limit

52、ing mobility. There is a need for more agile robots that can jump over obstacles in messy environments, Parslew says. To design such a machine, he turned to nature: Birds are really good jumpers, he notes.The trouble is, when birds start to take off, they lean so far forward that they should tip ove

53、r and fall onto their beaks(喙). Yet that does not happen. Parslew and his team used computer modeling to discover how birds avoid this fate. They discovered that birds twist their bodies slightly towards the back while accelerating into a jump. They also have flexible legs and toe joints, which prev

54、ent them from taking off briefly and immediately crashing into the ground. The result were published last October in Royal Society Open Science.Parslew thinks engineers can use this information to design robots that can not only jump well but also launch into flight more. efficiently. University of

55、Southern California biomechanist Michael Habib, who was not involved in the study, says springs and levers(杠桿)enable more rapid acceleration-than wheels do. And many animals are masters of springs and levers.“If you can understand how that works,”Habib adds, “you can build a robot thats good at runn

56、ing around and good at flying, and it will also be good at taking off suddenly in all kinds of conditions and landing on a dime.”Parslew is now designing such a robot, as an alternative to wheeled rovers for exploring other planets.1、What is right about the dove mentioned in Paragraph 1?AIt takes of

57、f very beautifully.BIt catches everyones attention.CIt gives Ben Parslew inspiration.DIt raises Ben Parslews curiosity.2、What can we-infer about the traditional robots?AThey cant jump over barriers.BThey can only move in one direction.CThey cant detect barriers before them.DThey cant adapt to comple

58、x environments.3、How does a bird avoid falling when taking off?ABy getting rid of gravity.BBy flapping its wings hard.CBy spinning its body backward.DBy jumping into the air quickly.4、What is the main idea of the text?ABirds provide inspiration. for humans.BNew robots that can jump have been created

59、.CThe development of robots benefits space exploreDStudying birds jumping helps scientist build better robots.第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項26（30分）I was really nervous this year because I was in a new class. It 1 me that I didnt know anyone in the class

60、, But 2 I didnt know anyone. I had the 3 to do something I love- people watching.The girl sitting behind me was always laughing and talking happily. She was one of the very few people who made any 4 to acknowledge me.At the end of the year, we were 5 to do a big open-ended project where the 6 were b