2023版高三一輪總復習英語（人教版）：課時分層作業(yè)7

1、PAGE PAGE 13課時分層作業(yè)(七).閱讀理解A(2021福州市質(zhì)量檢測)The new year always brings predictions. You know who gets them right?BLUETOOTHIn his futuristic 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury anticipated Bluetooth, describing wireless earphones that allowed for “an electronic ocean of sound, music and talks” to be

2、transferred through the air. Imagine how thrilled he would have been with a Bluetooth toaster! That was the idea behind Griffins Connected Toaster, which warned you via your smartphone when your toast was done. At $100, this baby cost a lot of bread，which may be why it was discontinued just two year

3、s after being launched.SMART WATCHThe Apple Watch lets you chat, play games, and watch videos on a device fastened to your wrist. Cool, huh? The Jetsons thought so. in 1962when Steve Jobs was still in second grade!WIFINikola Tesla called it! In 1909, the famous electrical engineer told The New York

4、Times, “It will soon be possible to send wireless messages all over the world so simply that any individual can carry and operate his own equipment.” No doubt he was thinking of the Krastase Hair Coach brush, which measured brushing speed and employed a microphone to listen to your hair, all to comp

5、ute an overall hairquality score sent to your smartphone.(Alas, it is gone too.)GPSWriter Arthur CClarke (2001：A Space Odyssey) saw a world in which no one got lost. In 1956, he wrote that satellites could make possible a positionfinding grid (坐標方格) whereby anyone could locate himself by means of a

6、couple of dials on an instrument about the size of a watch. Clarke didnt mention that his system might also track another person, such as a criminal.Last year, the New York City police arrested a robber who was wearing a GPS ankle monitorbecause he was still on probation(緩刑) for a prior crime.【語篇解讀】

7、本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了過去一些人對科技方面的預測，包括藍牙和全球定位系統(tǒng)等。1Which of the predictions is the earliest?ABLUETOOTH.BSMART WATCH.CWIFI.DGPS.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)各種預測的內(nèi)容可知，C項對應的時間為1909年，而A項對應的時間為1953年，B項為1962年，D項為1956年，故選C。2Why might Griffins Connected Toaster disappear?AToo expensive.BOut of date.CA little awkward.DEnergyconsuming.A

8、細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的Griffins Connected Toaster定位至BLUETOOTH部分，根據(jù)該部分中的“At $100，this baby cost a lot of bread，which may be why it was discontinued just two years after being launched”可知，其消失的原因可能是價格太高，故選A。3What was Clarkes prediction?AA GPS ankle monitor.BA robberarresting instrument.CA watch that could see the

9、 world.DAn instrument that could locate a person.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的Clarkes定位至GPS部分，根據(jù)該部分中的“whereby anyone could locate himself by means of a couple of dials on an instrument about the size of a watch”可知，答案為D。B(2021濟南市模擬)The only thing better than receiving a book is getting one delivered by a horse.Caitl

10、in Gooch，the founder of Saddle Up and Read(SUAR)，literally saddles(跨上馬鞍) up one of her familys horses and visits primary schools, libraries and youth groups to encourage students to read. The nonprofit in Wendell，North Carolina，also organizes book drives and schoolwide reading competitions.Along wit

11、h her five brothers and sisters，Gooch grew up on a family farm owned by her father.Although he worked as a used car salesman，he built a race track on their 87acre farm，where he hosted races.Gooch said she grew up around 80 horses and felt blessed to have grown up with them.In 2017，Gooch，who had been

12、 working at daycare centers and youth groups，noticed that some of the younger children struggled to read.She decided to work with a local library：Any student who checked out more than three books would be entered into a prize draw.Five names would be selected out of the draw and each received a trip

13、 to visit the horses on the Gooch family farm.It was a hit.Gooch expanded her services by creating her nonprofit，SUAR.When Gooch shared her organizations story on social media，it reached over 70,000 likes in a week.She even got a shout out from Oprah Winfrey，a famous talk show hostess.Shes raised ov

14、er $20,000 from supporters across the world.“Now that its sort of，all eyes on me，theres definitely an opportunity to do something more，”Gooch said.Gooch isnt just encouraging children to read more.Shes also showing them that horseback riders can look like her.Online，shes often referred to as the“Bla

15、ck Cowgirl”“It feels amazing to be that kind of representation，”Gooch said.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。Caitlin Gooch創(chuàng)立了公益組織“馬鞍上閱讀”，騎馬向孩子們送書，鼓勵孩子們閱讀，提高閱讀能力，她在網(wǎng)上分享了公益組織的故事后，得到了著名脫口秀主持人Oprah Winfrey的支持。4Why does Gooch deliver books on horseback?ATo deliver books quickly.BTo promote family business.CTo get students

16、to read.DTo advertise her organization.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“who had been working at daycare centers and youth groups, noticed that some of the younger children struggled to read”可知，Gooch注意到一些年齡較小的孩子閱讀很艱難，于是和當?shù)氐囊患覉D書館合作推出了旨在促進孩子們閱讀的公益活動，故C項正確。5What did Gooch do to help kids with reading difficulties?AHol

17、d reading competitions.BWork with the youth groups.CDonate books to a local library.DOrganize visits to the family farm.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段尾句“Five names would be selected out of the draw and each received a trip to visit the horses on the Gooch family farm.”可知，獲獎?wù)呖梢匀ooch家的農(nóng)場參觀馬匹，故D項正確。6What can be learned

18、 about SUAR from paragraph 4?AIt is well received.BIt has made a big profit.CIt needs further expansion.DIt was criticized by Oprah.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，Gooch創(chuàng)建了自己的非營利組織SUAR，擴大了她的服務(wù)，該組織很受歡迎，在社交平臺上獲得很多贊；據(jù)此可以判斷，非營利組織SUAR很受歡迎，故A項正確。7What can best describe Gooch?AHonest.BInspiring.CBrave.DPatient.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾

19、段第一、第二句“Gooch isnt just encouraging children to read more. Shes also showing them that horseback riders can look like her.”可知，Gooch不僅鼓勵孩子們多讀書，還向他們展示騎手可以像她一樣。再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可以判斷，Gooch是一個鼓舞人心的人，故B項正確。C(2021湖南省六校聯(lián)考)The summer holidays are in full swing and protests have begun in a number of popular European ci

20、ties.Barcelona，in particular，is at the centre of these mounting concerns about the rapid growth of tourism in cities，especially during peak holiday periods.In fact，Destination Barcelona estimates that there were 30 million overnight visitors in 2017，compared to a resident population of 1,625,137.Ove

21、rtourism is not a new problem.While many tourists want to“l(fā)ive like a local” and have an authentic and immersive experience during their visit，the residents of many tourismdependent destinations are seeing the unique sense of place that characterised their hometowns vanish beneath a wave of souvenir

22、 shops，crowds，tour buses and rowdy bars.They are also suffering as local amenities (便利設(shè)施) and infrastructure are put under enormous strain.It is a truly global issue.Recently，Thai authorities were forced to act when a number of tourists visiting Maya Bay，the beach made famous by Danny Boyles film Th

23、e Beach, led to shocking environmental damage.Overtourism is harming the landscape，damaging beaches，and putting infrastructure under enormous strain.It can have an impact in multiple ways.The international cruise industry，for example，delivers thousands of passengers daily to destination ports.While

24、comparatively little is returned to communities，the cruise activity creates physical and visual pollution.City residents also bear the cost of tourism growth.As cities transform itself to cater for tourists，the global travel supply chain prospers.This coincides with increasing property speculation a

25、nd rising costs of living for local communities. Airbnb，for example，has been accused of reducing housing affordability and displacing residents.Overcrowding and the establishment of typical tourismfocused businesses，such as clubs，bars and souvenir shops，overwhelm local businesses，and rowdy and unman

26、ageable tourist behaviour is common.This diminishes the unique ambience of destinations and leads to crowd and waste management pressures.Local government and planning authorities have so far been powerless to deal with the overwhelming influence of the global tourism supply chain.This has led to wi

27、despread “touristphobia” first described by Manuel Delgado more than a decade ago as a mixture of repudiation, mistrust and contempt for tourists.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講的是過度旅游帶來的一系列不好的影響。8Whats the purpose of writing the first paragraph?ATo present a phenomenon.BTo introduce the topic，overtourism.CTo g

28、ive readers a vivid description.DTo show the protests in Barcelona.B寫作意圖題。根據(jù)題目定位到文章第一段，通讀該段可知，該段主要提到了過度旅游的問題，結(jié)合下文主要圍繞過度旅游帶來的一系列不好的影響展開可知，該段是為了引出主題過度旅游，故B項正確。9The example of Thai authorities shows .AMaya Bay in Thai is a popular tourist destination attracting a great number of visitorsBvisiting famou

29、s places shown in movies is a global phenomenonCtoo many visitors will cause great damage to the local environmentDmany local governments have already taken action to prevent overtourismC推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的“Thai authorities”定位到文章第二段最后一句，由此可知，過多的游客造成了驚人的環(huán)境破壞，泰國官方不得不采取行動，由此可推知，泰國官方的例子表明過多的游客會對當?shù)氐沫h(huán)境造成極大的破壞，故C

30、項正確。10According to the passage，overtourism will .Aimprove the local cruise industryBmake the local business boomCcause the rising costs of living for the residentsDincrease the business of AirbnbC細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“City residents also bear the cost of tourism growth.This coincides with increasing prope

31、rty speculation and rising costs of living for local communities.”可知，過度旅游會導致居民生活成本上升，故C項正確。11What will the writer most probably talk about in the following paragraph?AMeasures to deal with overtourism.BProblems caused by overtourism.CProtests caused by overtourism.DEnvironmental pollution caused by

32、overtourism.A推理判斷題。文章前幾段主要講了過度旅游帶來的一系列不好的影響，最后一段提到到目前為止，地方管理和規(guī)劃部門還無力應對全球旅游供應鏈的巨大影響，這導致了“游客恐懼癥”的蔓延。由此可推知，作者在下段最有可能介紹解決過度旅游的措施，故A項正確。D(2021武漢市質(zhì)量檢測)Never play games with a bot (robot)it will find a way to cheat if it can. A team from OpenAI, an artificial intelligence lab in San Francisco, has develope

33、d artificially intelligent bots that taught themselves to cooperate by playing hideandseek. The bots also learned how to use basic tools to help win.Bowen Baker at OpenAI and his colleagues wanted to see if the teambased dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day

34、be useful to humans.The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated (模擬的) environment filled with fixed walls, movable boxes and ladders，and left them to play team games of hideandseek.The bots each had their own view of the world and couldnt communicate with each other directly.At first, the hi

35、ders simply ran away. But they soon worked out that the quickest way to stop the seekers was to find objects in the environment to hide themselves from view. The seekers learned that they could move boxes around and use them to climb over walls. The bots then discovered that being a team playerpassi

36、ng objects to each other or cooperating on a hideoutwas the quickest way to win.But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults. Seekers found that if they pushed a ladder towards a wall, they could launch themselves into the air and spot hiders from above. Hiders f

37、ound that they could get rid of the ladders by pushing them aside.It shows that AI bots are able to find solutions that humans miss, says Baker. “Maybe theyll even be able to solve problems that humans dont yet know how to.”However,it is a large leap (跳躍) from virtual hideandseek to real problemsolv

38、ing.“The main limitation is that it is in simulation，” says Chelsea Finn at Stanford University.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種通過玩捉迷藏自學合作技能的人工智能機器人，這種機器人還學會了使用基本工具來幫助自己獲勝。12Why did Baker and his colleagues conduct the research?ATo teach bots to play games.BTo train bots to use basic tools.CTo find if bots

39、may cheat like humans.DTo see the potential of bots cooperation.D細節(jié)理解題。第二段講到OpenAI的Bowen Baker和他的同事們想看看OpenAI Five人工智能機器人的團隊互動能否被用來產(chǎn)生將來對人類有用的技能。由此可知，Bowen Baker和他的同事進行這項研究是為了看機器人合作的潛力。故D項正確。13Whats the third paragraph mainly about?AThe tools of the research.BThe design of the research.CThe competito

40、rs of the game.DThe environment of the game.B段落大意題。通讀第三段可知，該段主要介紹了研究的設(shè)計：研究人員將機器人置于一個充滿固定墻壁、可移動的盒子和梯子的模擬環(huán)境中，讓它們玩團隊捉迷藏游戲，且彼此不能直接交流。故B項正確。14What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to?APassing objects.BMoving boxes around.CMaking use of faults.DHiding themselves from view.C代詞指代題。根

41、據(jù)第五段第一句“But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults.”可知，但真正令人驚訝的是，機器人開始利用問題或錯誤；第五段最后兩句給出了相應的例子；結(jié)合尾段第一句可以判斷，該句主語It指代的是“機器人利用錯誤”，故C項正確。15What does Chelsea think of the finding of the research?AIt can bridge a gap in the AI research.BIt will not be influenced by th

42、e real world.CIt will definitely help the real problemsolving.DIt may not be realized out of the virtual world.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段尾句中Chelsea Finn所說的話“The main limitation is that it is in simulation”可知，Chelsea Finn認為主要的局限在于機器人的互動是處于模擬狀態(tài)下的。據(jù)此可以判斷，Chelsea Finn認為超出模擬范圍，這種結(jié)果可能不會出現(xiàn)。故D項正確。.閱讀七選五(2021溫州市適應性測試)Due t

43、o COVID19，moms have had a rough year.Day care centers are closed. 1 At the same time theyre homeschooling and cleaning everything.Looking back 50 years or so，I found that my own mother was a mysteriously effective role model.She never hit me or raised her voice.She didnt directly boss anyone around.

44、She indirectly gave my sisters and me very clear guidance on what behaviors were expected in our home，and out in the world. 2 But once，when an African American family moved into our allwhite neighborhood，she quietly and firmly sat my sisters and me down and told us that we would always treat them wi

45、th respect.We did.When my mom got serious，we never questioned her authority.My mother taught us to love our neighbors，showed us how to treat everyone with kindness and respect and modeled how we could be generous with our time and energy by focusing on the needs and interests of others.One time，she

46、was driving and a car roared past us in a nopassing zone. 3 She said，“Ill be very disappointed if you ever drive like that.” For the next 5 decades，including my teen years，my friends and family have laughed at me for my slow，conservative driving. 4 I remembered what she said.I still dont want to dis

47、appoint her.Once，when the family was out watching a film，a violent scene started. 5 I was taken away from the theater.My mom didnt want me to see or hear things that might lead me down the wrong path.She would cover my eyes and ears to stop me from being exposed to negative influences.Shed always fi

48、nd a way to show us how we should admit our mistakes，take personal responsibility，and resist the temptation to blame others.AMy mother said it once.BMoms are working from home.CShe would gather us for a lesson.DShe sighed and glanced over at me.ERarely did my mother tell us how to behave.FImmediatel

49、y，my mom patted my dad on the shoulder.GAll this led me to wonder how my mother would handle it.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過回憶小時候的經(jīng)歷講述了母親對自己的愛、教育和影響。1B空前講到由于新冠肺炎疫情的影響，媽媽們這一年都過得很艱難，日托所關(guān)閉了。空后講到媽媽們要在家教孩子、打掃衛(wèi)生，所以空處應是在繼續(xù)描寫媽媽們的“艱難”，故B項符合語境。2E空格后面的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But說明上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。下文講到媽媽平靜而堅定地讓我和妹妹們坐下，并告訴我們，我們會一直尊重他們，這表明媽媽當時在教我們

50、應該如何去做。E項能與下文形成語意上的轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語境。3D根據(jù)下文的“Ill be very disappointed if you ever drive like that”可知，此處內(nèi)容是有關(guān)媽媽看到駕車人的表現(xiàn)后的反應，故D項“她嘆了口氣，瞥了我一眼”符合語境。4A根據(jù)下文的“I remembered what she said.”可知，空處應該與媽媽說了什么有關(guān)，故A項“媽媽曾經(jīng)這樣說過一次”符合語境。5F前一句講到電影里有暴力場景出現(xiàn)，后一句講到我被帶離劇院，由此可知，空處應涉及母親看到暴力場景后是如何做的，故F項“媽媽立即拍了拍爸爸的肩膀(示意他帶我離開)”，符合語境。.完形填空(

51、2021湖北省部分重點中學聯(lián)考)Hello, Mr. WiFi. Life without you is next to impossible.Were happy to sing your name from morning till evening，sometimes till dawn. 1 I know you help me, sometimes youre making me do things with 2 attention. Many times I promise myself that Ill 3 my feelings towards you, but youre 4

52、me closer and closer. Youve entered both my home and my workplace. Youre just a window for our 5 and information. But we people arent 6 only with the window.So we open all our doors for you. Is this a(n) 7 or some kind of attachment? If this is an illness, is it curable? And if this is an attachment

53、, will you 8 me the lifelong togetherness?We want you all days. Cant you take a few days off so that both you and I can 9 ？ Youre a poisonnot a slow one but a superfast poison which holds our mind and makes us dance 10 your tune. Nowadays youre so 11 that anyone can buy and make you become our companion. Youll never be bothered about our health but well 12 be concerned about your “health”. Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone.If you were a 13 person made of flesh and blood, would we love you the same? You control us with your numerous talents and we eve