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1、語法Unit11、形容詞的用法:作定語:形容詞 + 名詞如: There are many (beauty) mountains in China.作表語:連系動詞+ 形容詞常用的連系動詞有: be; keep( 保持 ) ;感覺動詞 look( 看起來 ) , taste( 嘗起來 ) , smell( 聞 起來 ) , feel( 感覺 ), sound( 聽起來 ) ;狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變動詞become, get, turn, grow 等。如: The children are so (luck) that they can get one present each.(3)作賓語補(bǔ)足語:keep

2、/ make +賓語 +形容詞 find / feel it + 形容詞 + to do sth如: They wear glasses to keep their eyes .A. safe B. safely C. safety D. safly副詞的用法(作狀語) :行為動詞 + 副詞如:Be quick! , he shouted (angry).副詞 + 形容詞 / 副詞如:He is (terrible) ill.* 要決: 判斷一個地方應(yīng)該用形容詞還是要用副詞首先是看這個單詞后面是否有名詞或是形容詞被它修飾,然后看它前面的動詞是連系動詞還是行為動詞。3、形容詞比較級用于兩人或兩事

3、物之間的比較;最高級用于三個或三個以上人或物的比較 比較級與最高級構(gòu)成:(1) 單音節(jié)形容詞比較級:詞尾+er tall-tallersmall-smallerlong-longer最高級:詞尾+esttall-tallestsmall-smallestlong-longest(2) 以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾的形容詞+rnice-nicerfine-finer最高級:詞尾+stnice-nicestfine-finest(3) 以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的形容詞i+ereasy-easierpretty-prettier最高級:把y 改為 i+esteasy-easiestpretty-pretties

4、t重讀閉音節(jié),結(jié)尾只有一個輔音字母比較級最后輔音+erslim-slimmerbig-bigger最高級:雙寫最后一個輔音字母+estslim-slimmestbig-biggest多音節(jié)形容詞+morebeautiful-morebeautifulimportant-moreimportant+mostbeautiful-mostbeautifulimportant-mostimportant(6) 不規(guī)則變化形容詞good-better-bestbad-worse-worstlittle-less-leastmuch/many-more-mostold-older/elder-oldest

5、/eldestfar-farther/further-farthest/furthest4、形容詞比較級用法:A + be + 形容詞比較級than B She is shorter than I am.My book is more interestingthan his book.形容詞最高級用法:A + be + the 形容詞最高級+ 名詞 +表示范圍的短語或從句She is the best student in her class.This is the biggest apple I have ever met.固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的比較:“比較級+and +比較級”表示 “越來 越”如:

6、我們的國家變得越來越美麗了。Our country is ?!皌he +比較級,the +比較級”表示 “越,就越”如:你學(xué)習(xí)越努力,你的英語就會越好。you study, your English will be.5、形容詞的后置情況:形容詞修飾不定代詞時,形容詞后置。如: Will you have to say at the meeting tomorrow?A. something important B. anything importantC. important something D. important anything表示計量時, 形容詞后置。如:這條河有兩米半深。The

7、river .6、詞尾為-ing 和-ed的形容詞用法區(qū)別:和物有關(guān)的用一ing : interesting, amazing, surprising, exciting和人有關(guān)的用一ed: interested, amazed, surprised, excited如: I am veryin the book. (interest)Unit2數(shù)量的比較:(1)可數(shù)名詞:morethan 比多; the most 最多 fewer than 比少; the fewest 最少一(2)不可數(shù)名詞:more- than 比多; themost 最多l(xiāng)ess than 比少 the least 最

8、少2. like “像: 是介詞,like +名詞/代詞/動詞ingalike “相同的,相似的”, 是形容詞,只能作表語,連系動詞 +alike3. be the same asbe different from“和相同”,和不同4.more than 多-Nancy hasfewer than 少Daniell ess than 少I修飾可數(shù)more free time修飾可has fewer CDs than修飾不have less free orange&不可少than John.數(shù)Kitty.可少juice than John.the most多Daniel has the most

9、 money.thefewest / the leastKitty has the least money.5. 副詞比較級與最高級構(gòu)詞方法與形容詞基本相同單音節(jié)詞大多數(shù)詞后加er 或 eatfast-faster-fastest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前面加比 比比最最more 或mostquickly-more quickly-most quickly不規(guī)則變well-better-best;badly-worse-worst; far-tarther/further-furthest/farthestUnit3并列連詞一 and 和,又and 連接相似意思的詞、短語或分句。兩個形容詞置

10、于名詞前時,除了表示同一性質(zhì)或顏色的情形以外,常不用and. 在下面的動詞短語中后面的動詞要用動詞原形:had better + 動詞原形; see / heara red and black car; a talk dark man三個或三個以上的詞、短語或分句相并列時,通常只在最后一個前加and, 前面的用逗號隔開。I visited London, Paris and Rome.當(dāng) and 與人稱代詞連用時,通常按二、三、一的順序排列。 you, she and I視為一個整體的兩個名詞在并列時,通常第二個前不加冠詞。a mother and child 母子, my father an

11、d mother 我的父母被 and 連接起來的名詞如果指同一個人時,通常后面的不加冠詞。He is a teacher and writer. 他是一位教師也是一位作家。二 but 但是(連接不同的意思,表示轉(zhuǎn)折)三 or 或者連接表示選擇的意思。or 常用于選擇疑問句中。Would you like coffee or tea? 你要咖啡還是茶?or 還可用于否定句中,意為“也不”。We can t go to parks or swimmi ng pools. 我們不能去公園也不能去游泳池。動詞不定式1 ) 基本形式肯定形式: to + 動詞原形否定形式: not to 動詞原形2 )用

12、法:一般情況如果一個動詞前已有了行為動詞,則后面的動詞要用不定式:行為動詞 + 不定式He asked me to talk about English.疑問詞后面要跟不定式: 疑問詞 + 不定式I dont know what to do.特殊情況/ make / let / help sb. +動詞原形The thermos made me feel thirsty.在下面的動詞短語中后面的動詞要用動詞ing:like / enjoy / finish / mind/keep/ keep on / allow / practise / stop / go on / prefer/ be b

13、usy / +動詞 -ingIf you want to learn English well, you must practice reading it everyday.反身代詞(表示“自己” “親自”)當(dāng)主語和賓語一樣時,賓語可以使用反身代詞形式,起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。反身代詞不能單獨作主語。反身代詞和它所指代的對象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上必須保持一致。1Yo uYo uSh e fHefWeTh eyItOn e fMyselflfYourselves YourseHerselHimselvesOursellves ThemseItselfonesel第一人稱和第二人稱的反身代詞是由形容詞性物主代詞加

14、上self或selves構(gòu)成,第三人稱的反身代詞是由賓格加上self或selves構(gòu)成。常用反身代詞短語enjoy oneself hurt oneself dress oneselfhide oneselfash oneselfby oneself the thing itself tolose oneself inhelp oneselfsay to oneselfcome to oneselfbuy sth. for oneselfteach oneself (to do) sth.learn (to do) sth.by oneselflook at oneself in the mi

15、rror keep the secret to oneself時態(tài)復(fù)習(xí):、一般現(xiàn)在時:用法:1、表示自然現(xiàn)象或客觀真理。2、表示現(xiàn)在的事實。3 、表示經(jīng)常性動作。構(gòu)成: 1、 be 動詞 (is/ am/ are)肯定句:主語+is/am/are否定句:主語+is/am/are+not疑問句: is/am/are + 主語、實義動詞( 動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式/ 動詞原形)肯定句: (1) 、主語(第三人稱單數(shù))動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式、主語(不是第三人稱單數(shù))動詞原形否定句: (1) 、主語(第三人稱單數(shù)) does not (doesn t)+ 動詞原形、主語(不是第三人稱單數(shù))do not (

16、don t) + 動詞原形疑問句: (1) 、 does + 主語(第三人稱單數(shù)) + 動詞原形、 do + 主語(不是第三人稱單數(shù)) + 動詞原形、 常跟時間: always, usually, often, sometimes, every morning, every day, every week, every month, once a week, in the morning, in the evening, on Sunday, on Sunday afternoon 等。、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時用法: ( 1)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作。( 2 )表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作。構(gòu)成: be

17、(is / are /am) + 動詞 -ing常跟時間短語: now (= right now = at the moment), at present, these days, Look! Listen!、一般將來時:用法: 表示將來要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成:shall( 用于 I 或 we) + V 原 ( 表示征求意見 )will + V 原 ( 表示純粹的將來)be going to + V 原 ( 表示打算或計劃要做的事,或有跡象要發(fā)生的事)否定: will not = won t; shall not = shan t常跟時間: tomorrow( 明天 ), tomorr

18、ow morning( 明天早上 ) , tomorrow evening( 明天 晚上 ), this afternoon( 今天下午 ), this evening( 今天晚上 ), tonight( 今晚 ), next week(下個星期),next year(明年),next month(下個月),the day after tomorrow(后 天 ), in the future(在將來 ), in a few days( 幾天后 ), next Sunday( 下個星期天) ,the coming Sunday( 下個星期天) 等。在時間和條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來時

19、(常用 will + V 原) :一般將來時+when/ until/ if + 一般現(xiàn)在時。I will go to the park if it doesn t rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨,我將去公園。Unit4祈使句當(dāng)我們向他人發(fā)出命令,提出請求或建議時, 常使用祈使句。 如: Be quiet, please!Don? t be late again!【注】祈使句的主語通常不明確表示出來。祈使句的肯定 形式以動詞原形開頭; 否定 形式是動詞原 形前 加 do not/don ? t( 2)為了顯示客氣和禮貌,我們常在祈使句中加please 。當(dāng) please 在句末時

20、,必須用逗號隔開。用 should 和 had better 提建議Had better 和should都是情態(tài)動詞,后接動詞原形,而且均沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 had better 的語氣比 should 強(qiáng)一些。You had better watertheflowers as soon as possible.Had better中的had可縮寫為 , d All of us should take part in this activity.否定形式:had better notshould not/shouldn ? tHe shouldn ? t be lateYou? d bett

21、er not play computer games now. for school again8A Unit 1worry ”使煩惱,使煩惱worry about = be worried about擔(dān)心某事say bad words about sb 說別人的壞話3. I ll vote for我將投票贊成vote against投票反對(Integrated skills)(1)help sb. (to) do sth.幫助某人干某事=help sb. with sth.solve problems 解決問題try one s best to do sth.盡力去干某事=do one s

22、 best to do sth.a famous singer 一個著名的歌手 famous 著名的”=well-known,常用短語:be famous for 因而著名“agree to do sth. 同意做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人,與某人有相同的看法 agree about / on sth. 關(guān)于的意見一致,同意某事one of the +形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)最之一What is he like?他人如何? |他是個什么樣的人?(詢問人性格、品質(zhì)等)What does he look like? 他長什么樣子?(詢問人的相貌)(Main Task)next do

23、or “隔壁”She always wears a smile on her face and looks happy.她臉上總是掛著微笑,看上去總是那么的快樂。 wear “面露,面帶”8A Unit 2(Comic strip and Welcome to the unit)一些: some = a few (+ 可數(shù)名詞 )a little (+ 不可數(shù)名詞)許多: a lot of = lots of = many (+ 可數(shù)名詞 )= much (+不可數(shù)名詞)幾乎沒有: few (+ 可數(shù)名詞 ), little (+ 不可數(shù)名詞 )(Reading, Vocabulary)學(xué)習(xí)怎

24、樣做某事1. learn how to do sth.疑問詞+不定式2 as well“也,又,同樣地”= toosb spend some time (in) doing sth某人花費多少時間做某事。sb spend some money on sth 某人花費多少金錢買某物。You are my hero 你是我心中的偶像。have a good (great , wonder) time doing sth做某事很愉快=enjoy oneself doing sth = have fun doing sth. What does mean? = What do you mean by

25、? = What s the meaning of ? 是什么意思?. (1)students in 12 th Grade “12 年級的學(xué)生”,介詞短語作定語,后置。(2)be called被叫作”(Integrated skills and Study skills)haveoff ”有(時間的)放假have morning assembly 開晨會What if ?”要是又怎么辦? =What would happen if ?mind “介意,在乎”,后跟名詞或動名詞,= not agreemind doing sth. 介意干某事be able to “能,會”,=canhave

26、forbreakfast/lunch/supper御餐餐/晚餐吃”(Main task and Checkout)pop music “流行音樂,通俗音樂” =popular musicschool uniform校服police uniform警服one,theother (兩個中的)一個, 另一個”half an hour 半小時half a year 半年go on a school trip “去郊游”7. be the same size as = be as big as“和一樣大”8A Unit 3(Comic strip and Welcome to the unit)(1)n

27、eed to do sth. 需要做某事(need 是行為動詞,后接不定式)(2)exercise 運動,鍛煉(動詞)take exercise = have sports= do sport做運動(3)keep fit =keep healthy 保持健康(1)let sb do sth 讓某人做某事(2)enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun玩得開心take a boat trip乘船游玩Take care! 多保重!(問候語)常用的問候語有:Good luck! 祝你好運! All the best!祝萬事如意!Have a good tr

28、ip! 祝旅途愉快! May you succeed! 祝你成功! Greetings! 請代我問候你的家人。by 在旁邊= besideby the lake 在湖邊 by the fire 在火旁(Reading, Vocabulary)(1)invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事 (2)join in (doing) sth 參加某項活動at the beginning = at first起初 反義: at last , in the end 最后at the beginning of 在的開頭 反義:at the end of 在的結(jié)尾be made of用制造的(能

29、看見原材料)be made from 用制造的(看不出原材料)not any more 不再in front of =before 在前面(在外面) inthefrontof 在前部(在內(nèi)部)(1) over = more than 超過,多于(2)places of interest名勝 =interesting places(3)all over the world全世界(1)teach oneself = learn by oneself 自學(xué)(2) teach sb how to do sth.教某人做某事= teach sb to do sth = teach sb doing st

30、h(3)home page 主頁(Grammar)plan to do sth 計劃做某事want to do sth想做某事= would like to sthagree to do sth. 同意做某事decide to do sth 決定做某事hurt oneself 傷到自已(Integrated skills and Study skills)be /reach/play in the final of 打進(jìn)決賽take place 發(fā)生,進(jìn)行(有安排的)happen 發(fā)生,進(jìn)行(偶然的)提建議的方法:Shall we do sth? 我們做好嗎?(2)Why don t we d

31、o sth? 我們?yōu)槭裁床蛔瞿兀?Why not do sth?(3)Let s do sth.讓我們干(4)How about doing sth? 做怎么樣?=What about doing sth?(5)How would you like to do sth?你覺得做怎么樣?(Main task)go boating 去劃船go camping 去露營; go skiing 去滑雪; go shopping 去購物; go dancing 去跳舞work out 計算出,解決as as possible = as as sb can 盡可能8A Unit 4(Comic strip

32、and Welcome to the unit)1 look delicious 看起來好吃系動詞形容詞2 talk to sb.跟某人說話talk with sb. 跟某人交談talk about sth. 談?wù)撃呈? look after = take care of 照顧(Reading, Vocabulary) first “第一次,首次”,是副詞。look like看起來像call sb. sth 叫某人為(1) at four months = at the age of four months = when she was four months old 四個月時(2)weigh

33、 稱重,重(3)start to do sth. = begin to do sth開始做某事(4)for the first time第一次not any more = no more = not any longer = no longer 不再grow into 長成(1) at the very beginning 起初,最初, very 加強(qiáng)語氣。 (2)up to 多達(dá)have another baby 又生了一個嬰兒have a baby 生孩子(1)It is + 形容詞 + for sb to do sth 對某人來說,做某事是怎么樣的。 (2)in the wild 在野外in the future 在將來have no where to live沒地方可住, 不定式作定語(1) leave 留下 (2)on one s own 獨自地,獨立地take away 帶走,拿走in danger在危險中,垂危 in danger of 有的危險out of danger 脫離危險We can take the following actions to protect giant pandas. take actions to do sth. 采取行動做某事encourage

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