英文合同翻譯

1、引子:鑒于現(xiàn)在對外交流事例逐漸增多,英文合同特別是經(jīng)濟(jì)合同的翻譯愈顯重要,若譯文不準(zhǔn)確或不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),勢必會引起不必要的經(jīng)濟(jì)糾紛.故今以一英文(經(jīng)濟(jì))合同寫作書籍為藍(lán)本,錄入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(經(jīng)濟(jì))合同的翻譯和寫作。合同文件是合同雙方簽訂并必須遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的語言應(yīng)體現(xiàn)其權(quán)威性.英文合同用語的特點之一就表現(xiàn)在用詞上,即選擇那些法律用詞,以及正式用詞,使合同表達(dá)的意思準(zhǔn)確無誤,達(dá)到雙方對合同中使用的詞無可爭議的程度。一.hereby英文釋義:bymeansof,byreasonofthis中文譯詞:特此,因此,茲用法:常用于法律文件、合同、協(xié)議書等正式文件的開頭語；在條款

2、中需要強(qiáng)調(diào)時也可用。語法：一般置于主語后,緊鄰主語.例1：TheEmployerherebycovenantstopaytheContractorinconsiderationoftheexecutionandcompletionoftheWorksandtheremedyingofdefectsthereintheContractPriceorsuchothersumasmaybecomepayableundertheprovisionsoftheContractatthetimeandinthemannerprescribedbytheContract.參考譯文:業(yè)主特此立約保證在合同規(guī)定

3、的期限內(nèi),按合同規(guī)定的方式向承包人支付合同價,或合同規(guī)定的其它應(yīng)支付的款項,以作為本工程施工、竣工及修補(bǔ)工程中缺陷的報酬。注釋:hereby:byreasonofthis特此covenant:v.makeaformalagreement立約，簽訂合同、條約；n.legalagreement具有法律約束的正式合同completionoftheWorks:工程的竣工therein:intheWorks在本工程中theContractPrice:合同總價,指工程的總造價such.as:關(guān)系代詞,相當(dāng)于that,whichunder:inaccordancewith根據(jù),按照theprovisions

4、oftheContract:termsandconditionsoftheContract合同條款例2：Weherebycertifytothebestofourknowledgethattheforegoingstatementistrueandcorrectandallavailableinformationanddatahavebeensuppliedherein,andthatweagreetoprovidedocumentaryproofuponyourrequest.注釋：hereby:特此tothebestofourknowledge：asfarasweknow據(jù)我們所知fore

5、goingstatement：above-mentionedstatement上述聲明herein：inthis,inthestatement在聲明中documentaryproof：證明文件參考譯文：特此證明，據(jù)我們所知，上述聲明內(nèi)容真實，正確無誤，并提供了全部現(xiàn)有的資料和數(shù)據(jù)，我們同意，應(yīng)貴方要求出具證明文件。例3：ThisContractisherebymadeandconcludedbyandbetweenCo.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA)andCo.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB)on(Date),in(Place),C

6、hina,ontheprincipleofequalityandmutualbenefitandthroughamicableconsultation.注釋：（1）hereby:特此（2）hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA：以下稱甲方（3）ontheprincipleofequalityandmutualbenefit：在平等互利基礎(chǔ)上（4）throughamicableconsultation:通過友好協(xié)商參考譯文：本合同雙方，公司（以下稱甲方）與公司（以下稱乙方），在平等互利基礎(chǔ)上，通過友好協(xié)商，于年月日在中國（地點），特簽訂本合同。例4：Thisagreement

7、isherebymadeandenteredintoon（Date）,byandbetweenCo.China（hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA）andCo.（hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB）.注釋：（1）thisagreementisherebymadeandenteredinto:特此訂立本協(xié)議在法律文件中表示訂立本協(xié)議可用以下4個動詞：sign（make,concludeorenterinto）thisagreement,按照同義詞連用的寫作特點，可用上述4個動詞中的兩個來表示）。（2）hereinafterreferredtoasP

8、artyB：以下簡稱乙方參考譯文：本協(xié)議特由中國公司（以下簡稱甲方）與公司（以下簡稱乙方）于年月日訂立hereof英文釋義:ofthis中文譯詞:關(guān)于此點；在本文件中用法:在表示上文已提及的本合同的、本文件的時，使用該詞。例如表示本合同條件、條款時，可以說theterms,conditionsandprovisionshereof，這里hereof表示“ofthisContract；又如表示本工程的任何部分，可用“anypartshereof，這里hereof表示“ofthisWorks。語法：一般置于要修飾的名詞的后面，與之緊鄰。hereof和thereof的區(qū)別：hereof強(qiáng)調(diào)“ofth

9、is。例如，上面的“theterms,conditionsandprovisionsthereof中的thereof表示oftheContract；“anypartsthereof中的thereof表示oftheWorks。例1WhetherthecustomofthePortiscontrarytothisClauseornot,theownerofthegoodsshall,withoutinterruption,bydayandnight,includingSundaysandholidays（ifrequiredbythecarrier）,supplyandtakedeliveryof

10、thegoods.Providedthattheownerofthegoodsshallbeliableforalllossesordamagesincludingdemurrageincurredindefaultontheprovisionshereof.注釋：（1）WhetherthecustomofthePortiscontrarytothisClauseornot不論港口習(xí)慣是否與本款規(guī)定相反，whether.ornot:不論是否（2）theownerofthegoods:貨方（3）withoutinterruption：無間斷地（4）carrier:承運人（5）indefaulto

11、ntheprovisionshereof：違反本款規(guī)定hereof：ofthisClause參考譯文：不論港口習(xí)慣是否與本款規(guī)定相反，貨方都應(yīng)晝夜地，包括星期日和假日（如承運人需要），無間斷地提供和提取貨物。貨方對違反本款規(guī)定所引起的所有損失或損壞，包括滯期應(yīng)負(fù)擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。例2ForeigntradedealersasmentionedinthisLawshall,inaccordancewiththeprovisionshereof,coversuchlegalentitiesandotherorganizationasareengagedinforeigntradedealings.注釋：

12、foreigntradedealers：對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營者asmentionedinthisLaw：本法所稱(3)theprovisionshereof：theprovisionsofthisLaw本法規(guī)定legalentity：法人beengagedinforeigntradedealings:從事對夕卜貿(mào)易經(jīng)營活動參考譯文：本法所稱對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營者，是指依照本法規(guī)定從事對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營活動的法人和其他組織。例3Theestablishmentofalimitedliabilitycompanyoracompanylimitedbysharesshallcomplywiththeconditionsa

13、ndprovisionsofthisLaw.Acompanycomplyingwiththeconditionsandprovisionshereofmayberegisteredasalimitedliabilitycompanyoracompanylimitedbyshares.Providedthatifacompanyfailstocomplywiththeconditionsandprovisionshereof,thecompanyinquestionshallnotberegisteredasalimitedliabilitycompanyoracompanylimitedbys

14、hares.注釋：alimitedliabilitycompany：有限責(zé)任公司acompanylimitedbyshares：股份有限公司provisionshereof：本法規(guī)定hereof:ofthisLawmayberegisteredas：登記為參考譯文：設(shè)立有限責(zé)任公司、股份有限公司，必須符合本法規(guī)定的條件。符合本法規(guī)定的條件的，登記為有限責(zé)任公司或者股份有限公司；不符合本法規(guī)定的條件的，不得登記為有限責(zé)任公司或股份有限公司。例4If,asaresultofwithdrawaloranyotherreasons,anarbitratorfailstoperformhisduties

15、asanarbitrator,anotherarbitratorshall,inaccordancewiththeprovisionshereof,beselectedorappointed.注釋：asaresultofwithdrawaloranyotherreasons:回避或者其它原因arbitrator：仲裁員(3)theprovisionshereof：theprovisionsofthisLaw本法規(guī)定beselectedorappointed：選定或指定參考譯文：仲裁員因回避或者其它原因不能履行職責(zé)的，應(yīng)當(dāng)依照本法規(guī)定重新選定或指定仲裁員。例5Intheeventofconfli

16、ctbetweentheprovisionsonarbitrationformulatedandpreparedpriortotheeffectivedateofthisLawandtheprovisionsofthisLaw,theprovisionshereofshallprevail.注釋：conflict:相抵觸priortotheeffectivedateofthisLaw：本法施行前theprovisionshereofshallprevail：以本法為準(zhǔn)hereof：ofthisLaw參考譯文：本法施行前制定的有關(guān)仲裁的規(guī)定與本法的規(guī)定相抵觸的，以本法為準(zhǔn)。例6Where,ina

17、ccordancewithlaws,thecircumstance(s)specifiedinArticle15andArticle16ofthisLawis/areconfirmed,theorganizationwithcompensatoryobligationsshallpaycompensationinanyofthecircumstanceinquestion.WheretheclaimantforcompensationdemandstheconfirmationofoneofthecircumstancesspecifiedinArticle15andArticle16here

18、of,andthedemandedorganizationrefusestomaketheconfirmation,theclaimantshallhavetherighttolodgeacomplaint.Wheretheclaimantclaimscompensation,theclaim,shall,first,belodgedtotheorganizationforcompensatoryobligations.TheprovisionsofArticle10,Article11andArticle12hereofshallapplyto/intheproceduresofcompen

19、sation.注釋：theorganizationwithcompensatoryobligations:賠償義務(wù)機(jī)關(guān)shallpaycompensaten：應(yīng)當(dāng)給予賠償theclaimantforcompensation：賠償請求人Article15andArticle16hereof：本法第十五條、第十六條hereof：ofthisLawshallhavetherighttolodgeacomplaint：有權(quán)申訴claimscompensation：要求賠償applyto/in：適用MoreExamples:Thecommentappliesequallyhere./Thatargume

20、ntdoesnotapplyinthiscase./Thatappliestoatleastnine-tenthsofthepeopleweseeabout./Theseremarksapplytoeverytowninthiskingdom./Therulesofsafedrivingapplytoeveryone.參考譯文：賠償義務(wù)機(jī)關(guān)對依法確認(rèn)有本法第十五條、第十六條規(guī)定的情形之一的，應(yīng)當(dāng)給予賠償。賠償請求人要求確認(rèn)有本法第十五條、第十六條規(guī)定情形之一的，被要求的機(jī)關(guān)不予確認(rèn)的，賠償請求人有權(quán)申訴。賠償請求人要求賠償，應(yīng)當(dāng)先向賠償義務(wù)機(jī)關(guān)提出。賠償程序適用本法第十條、第十一條、第十二條的

21、規(guī)定。例7IfanarbitratorinvolvedinoneofcircumstancesspecifiedinItem4,Article34ofthisLaw,andifitisserious,orthosespecifiedinItem6,Article58hereof,thearbitratorinquestionshall,inaccordancewiththelaw,bearthelegalliabilityandresponsibility.Thearbitrationcommissionshallremovethenameofthearbitratorinquestionfr

22、omthelistofarbitrators.注釋：arbitrator：仲裁員Article58hereof：本法第五十八條hereof：ofthisLawbearthelegalliabilityandresponsibility：承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任thearbitrationcommission：仲裁委員會removethenameofthearbitratorinquestionfromthelistofarbitrators：將其除名參考譯文：仲裁員有本法第三十四條第四項規(guī)定的情形，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的，或者有本法第五十八條第六項規(guī)定的情形的，應(yīng)當(dāng)依法承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任，仲裁委員會應(yīng)當(dāng)將其除名。例8If,

23、pursuanttothisLaw,therelevantresponsibleauthoritieswiththedutyofapprovalsfailtograntapprovaltosuchanapplicationasmeetstherequirementsandprovisionshereof,orthecompanyregistrationauthoritiesfailtoregisteracompanywhoseapplicationmeetstherequirementshereof,thepartyinquestionmay,inaccordancewithlaws,appl

24、yforreconsiderationorbringanadministrativesuit.注釋：therelevantresponsibleauthoritieswiththedutyofapprovals：履行審批職責(zé)的有關(guān)主管部門meetstherequirementsandprovisionshereof：符合本法條件thecompanyregistrationauthorities:負(fù)責(zé)公司登記的主管部門therequirementshereof：本法條件hereof:ofthisLawapplyforreconsideration：申請復(fù)議bringanadministrativ

25、esuit:提起行政訴訟參考譯文：依照本法，履行審批職責(zé)的有關(guān)主管部門，對符合本法條件的申請不予批準(zhǔn)，或負(fù)責(zé)公司登記的主管部門不予登記，當(dāng)事人可以依法申請復(fù)議或者提起行政訴訟。例9ThisDecisionshallapplytothecrimescommittedagainstArticle9,Article10andArticle11hereofbythestaffandworkersofenterprisesotherthanlimitedliabilitycompaniesandcompanieslimitedbyshares.注釋：thecrimescommitted:犯罪行為agai

26、nstArticle9,Article10andArticle11hereof：犯有本決定第九條、第十條、第一條規(guī)定hereof:ofthisDecision參考譯文：有限責(zé)任公司、股份有限公司以外的企業(yè)職工有本決定第九條、第十條、第十一條規(guī)定的犯罪行為的，適用本決定。例10CompaniesregisteredandestablishedpriortotheeffectivedateofthisLawshall,inaccordancewithLaws,administrativeregulations,localregulationsandpursuanttothe“StandardOpi

27、niononLimitedLiabilityCompanies”orthe“StandardOpiniononCompaniesLimitedbyShares”issuedbytherelevantresponsibledepartmentoftheStateCouncil,continuetoexist.ThosecompaniesnotcompletelysatisfyingtherequirementsofthisLawshall,withinthespecifiedtimelimit,meettherequirementshereof.Specificmethodsforimpleme

28、ntationofthisLawwillbesetoutinseparateregulationsissuedbytheStateCouncil.注釋：companiesregistered:已登記成立的公司theStandardOpiniononLimitedLiabilityCompanies：有限責(zé)任公司規(guī)范意見theStandardOpiniononCompaniesLimitedbyShares：股份有限公司規(guī)范意見(4)therelevantresponsibledepartmentoftheStateCouncil國務(wù)院有關(guān)主管部門inseparateregulationsiss

29、uedbytheStateCouncil：由國務(wù)院另行規(guī)定參考譯文：本法施行前已登記成立的公司，應(yīng)依照法律、行政法規(guī)、地方性法規(guī)和國務(wù)院有關(guān)主管部門制定的有限責(zé)任公司規(guī)范意見，和股份有限公司規(guī)范意見，繼續(xù)保留。其中不完全具備本法規(guī)定的條件的，應(yīng)當(dāng)在規(guī)定的期限內(nèi)達(dá)到本法規(guī)定的條件。具體實施辦法，由國務(wù)院另行規(guī)定。例11UnfaircompetitionmentionedinthisLawreferstoactsofsuchbusinessoperatorsascontravenetheprovisionshereof,witharesultofdamagingthelawfulrightsand

30、interestsofotherbusinessoperators,anddisturbingthesocio-economicorder.注釋：unfaircompetition：不正當(dāng)競爭businessoperators:經(jīng)營者contravenetheprovisionshereof：違反本法規(guī)定theprovisionshereof：本法規(guī)定hereof：ofthisLawthelawfulrightsandinterests：合法權(quán)益disturbingthesocio-economicorder：擾亂社會經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序參考譯文：本法所稱的不正當(dāng)競爭，是指經(jīng)營者違反本法規(guī)定，損害其他經(jīng)營

31、者的合法權(quán)益，擾亂社會經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序的行為。hereto英文釋義:tothis中文譯詞:至此，在此上。用法:在表示上文已提及的本合同的本文件的時，使用該詞。例如表示本合同雙方，可以說“thePartieshereto”這里hereto表示“tothisContract”表示本協(xié)議附件4,可用“Appendix4hereto”這里hereto表示“tothisAgreement。語法：一般置于要修飾的名詞的后面，與之緊鄰。hereto和thereto的區(qū)別：同前面所言hereof和thereof的區(qū)別類似，hereto強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“tothis。例1Alldisputesarisingfromtheper

32、formanceofthisContractshall,throughamicablenegotiations,besettledbythePartieshereto.Should,throughnegotiations,nosettlementbereached,thecaseinquestionshallthenbesubmittedforarbitrationtotheChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommission,BeijingandthearbitrationrulesofthisCommissionshallbeapp

33、lied.TheawardofthearbitrationshallbefinalandbindinguponthePartieshereto.TheArbitrationfeeshallbebornebythelosingpartyunlessotherwiseawardedbytheArbitrationCommission.注釋：theperformanceofthisContract:履行本合同throughamicablenegotiations:友好協(xié)商thePartieshereto：thePartiestothisContract本合同雙方shallthenbesubmitte

34、dforarbitration：提交進(jìn)行仲裁theChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommission,Beijin：g中國國際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易仲裁委員會(北京)thearbitrationrulesofthisCommission：其仲裁規(guī)貝Vtheawardofthearbitration：仲裁裁決unlessotherwiseawardedbytheArbitrationCommission：仲裁委員會另有裁定的除外參考譯文：對于因履行本合同所發(fā)生的一切爭議，本合同雙方應(yīng)友好協(xié)商解決，如協(xié)商無法解決爭議，貝應(yīng)將爭議提交中國國際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易仲裁

35、委員會(北京)，依據(jù)其仲裁規(guī)貝進(jìn)行仲裁。仲裁裁決是終局性的，對雙方都有約束力。仲裁費用應(yīng)由敗訴方承擔(dān)，但仲裁委員會另有裁定的除外。例2“PatentedTechnology”meanssuchpatent,andsuchapplicationsforthepatentasarepresentlyownedorwillhereafterbeacquiredinthefuturebyPartyB,orasPartyBhasormayhavetherighttocontrol,orasarepermittedtobetransferredduringtheeffectiveperiodofthisC

36、ontractinanyorallcountriesoftheworld,andasareapplicabletoormaybeusedinthemanufactureofContractProductsspecifiedbythePartieshereto.注釋：patentedtechnology：專利技術(shù)patent:專利applicationforthepatent：專利申請mayhavetherighttocontrol：可能有權(quán)控制的permittedtobetransferredinanyorallcountriesoftheworld:在世界任何國家許可轉(zhuǎn)讓ContractPr

37、oductsspecifiedbythePartieshereto：本合同雙方規(guī)定的本合同產(chǎn)品hereto:tothisContract參考譯文：“專利技術(shù)”，系指乙方目前擁有的或未來獲得的，或乙方有權(quán)或可能有權(quán)控制的，或在本合同有效期間在世界任何國家許可轉(zhuǎn)讓的，適用于或可能適用制造本合同雙方規(guī)定的本合同產(chǎn)品的專利和專利申請。例3“TechnicalDocuments”meansthedataandtheinformationspecifiedinAppendix1hereto,suchasengineering,manufacturingandoriginalinformationrelat

38、ingtothemanufactureandmaintenanceoftheContractProducts,includingdrawings,blueprints,designsheets,materialspecifications,photographs,photostatsandgeneraldata,anddesignandtheirspecificationsrelatingtomanufacturingeuipment,toolsandfacilities.Providedthattheabove-mentionedinformationshallbesuchinformati

39、onasisonlyavailabletoPartyBandapplicabletothebusinessoperationofPartyAunderthisContract.注釋：technicaldocuments：技術(shù)資料thedataandtheinformation：資料engineering：工程manufacturing:制造originalinformation：原始資料blueprint：藍(lán)本designsheets:設(shè)計圖表materialspecifications：材料規(guī)格photostats:影印資料generaldata：一般資料designandtheirspec

40、ificationsrelatingtomanufacturingeuipment,toolsandfacilities與制造設(shè)備、工具和裝置有關(guān)的設(shè)計及其說明書參考譯文：“技術(shù)資料”系指列于附件1與制造和維修合同產(chǎn)品有關(guān)的工程、制造及原始資料，包括與制造設(shè)備、工具和裝置有關(guān)的圖紙、藍(lán)本、設(shè)計圖表、材料規(guī)格、照片、影印資料和一般資料、設(shè)計及其說明書等，但上述資料僅限于乙方擁有的資料和甲方用于本合同業(yè)務(wù)活動的資料。例4IfPartyBdemandstoaudittheaccountsofPartyA,PartyBshall,within10daysafterreceivingthewritten

41、noticeissuedbyPartyAunderSub-Clause3.4ofthisContract,notifyPartyAofthematerinquestion.ThespecificcontentsandprocedureofauditingaccountsaredetailedinAppendix4hereto.注釋：audittheaccountsofPartyA：查核甲方的帳目Sub-Clause3.4ofthisContract：本合同第3.4款thespecificcontentsandprocedureofauditingaccounts：其具體的查帳內(nèi)容和程序Appe

42、ndix4hereto：本合同附件4hereto：tothisContract參考譯文：乙方如需查核甲方的帳目時，應(yīng)在接到甲方依上述本合同第3.4款規(guī)定開出的書面通知后10天之內(nèi)通知甲方，其具體的查帳內(nèi)容和程序詳見本合同附件4。例5ThepartiestothisAgreementagreethateitherPartyheretoshall,immediatelyandfully,notifytheotherPartyheretoofanysuchmatterscomprisinganimprovement,modification,furtherinventionordesignasthe

43、Partyinquestionmaydiscover,makeordevelopwithrespecttomanufactureandassemblyoftheLicensedProductsorcomponentsthereof.ThePartydiscovering,makingordevelopingthesubjectmatterinquestionmay,atitsownexpenseanditsownname,fileapplicationforLetterPatentortakeothernecessarylegalstepstoprotectthesame,andanypate

44、ntarisingtherefromshallbelongtothePartyinquestion.TheotherPartymay,duringtheeffectiveperiodhereof,makeuseof,andsellproductsutilizingsuchimprovement,modification,furtherinventionordesign（whetherpatentedorun-patented）withoutchargeandroyaltyfeeinanymannerconsistentwiththisagreement.注釋：（1）eitherPartyher

45、eto:本協(xié)議各方（不譯成“onePartyhereto）。（2）improvement,modification,furtherinventionordesign：改進(jìn)、修正、更新本發(fā)明或設(shè)計（3）discover,makeordevelop：開發(fā)（4）manufactureandassemblyoftheLicensedProductsorcomponentsthereof：生產(chǎn)及裝配許可證產(chǎn)品或部件（5）fileapplicationforLetterPatent：申請專利（6）takeothernecessarylegalstepstoprotectthesame：其它必要的法律保護(hù)程

46、序thesame:LetterPatent（7）anypatentarisingtherefrom:由此產(chǎn)生的專利（8）consistentwiththisagreement：與本協(xié)議不相矛盾參考譯文：本協(xié)議各方同意，一方對于有關(guān)生產(chǎn)及裝配許可證產(chǎn)品或部件所做的改進(jìn)、修正、更新發(fā)明或設(shè)計均應(yīng)立即全部通知另一方。開發(fā)改進(jìn)的一方可以自負(fù)費用并以自身名義申請專利或采取其它必要的法律保護(hù)程序，由此產(chǎn)生的專利將屬于該方所有。在本協(xié)議的有效期內(nèi)，另一方可以與本協(xié)議不相矛盾的方式無償使用和銷售利用改進(jìn)、修正、更新本發(fā)明或設(shè)計（無論其是否取得專利權(quán)）生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品。例6ThePartiestothisAgreem

47、entagreethatYshallsupplytoFCAMcertainlicenseandtechnicalassistanceformanufacturingProducts.TheTechnicalAssistanceAgreementtobeconcludedbetweenFCAMandYshallbedeemedtobeanattachmentasAppendix2hereto（hereinafterreferredtoasthe“TechnicalAssistanceAgreement”）.注釋：（1）certainlicenseandtechnicalassistancefor

48、manufacturingProducts：有關(guān)生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的許可證和技術(shù)服務(wù)（2）thetechnicalassistanceagreement：技術(shù)服務(wù)協(xié)議（3）Appendix2hereto:本協(xié)議附件2hereto：tothisAgreement參考譯文：本協(xié)議雙方同意Y將向FCAM提供有關(guān)生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的許可證和技術(shù)服務(wù)，F(xiàn)CAM和Y將訂立技術(shù)服務(wù)協(xié)議并作為本協(xié)議附件2（以下稱作“技術(shù)服務(wù)協(xié)議”）。例7ThePartiestothisAgreementagreeandensurethatFCAMwill,tothemaximumextentpracticablypossible,usethef

49、ormsrequiredbyYforsuchdataonmanagementandfinancialinformationasaregivenbyFCAMtothePartieshereto,andthatFCAMshallprepareandkeepaccountingandfinancialrecordsandbooksavailableforinspectionorauditbyeitherPartyhereto.注釋：（1）tothemaximumextentpracticablypossible：盡實際可能最大限度地（2）dataonmanagementandfinancialinf

50、ormation：管理和財務(wù)信息材料（3）prepareandkeepaccountingandfinancialrecordsandbooks:建好會計和財務(wù)帳目（4）availableforinspectionorauditbyeitherPartyhereto以備本協(xié)議各方的檢查或?qū)徲媏itherPartyheretoeitherPartytothisAgreement本協(xié)議雙方inspection：檢查audit：審計參考譯文：本協(xié)議雙方同意保證FCAM將盡實際可能最大限度地使用Y所要求的表格式樣，用于FCAM向協(xié)議各方提供管理和財務(wù)信息材料；并且FCAM應(yīng)建好會計和財務(wù)帳目以備協(xié)議雙

51、方的檢查或?qū)徲嫛＠?ThePartiestothisAgreementagreethattheBoardofDirectorsauthorizedbythePartiesheretotoadministrateormanageFCAMshallberesponsibleforapprovingtheoverallbusinessmanagementplanofthecompany,andmonitoringtheexecutionoftheplaninquestion.Providedthatthebusinessmanagementplaninquestionshallbesubmitted

52、tothePartiesheretoforreviewandapproval.注釋：BoardofDirectorsauthorizedbythePartieshereto：本協(xié)議雙方授權(quán)的董事會hereto：tothisAgreementtoadministrateormanageFCAM:管理FCAMadministrate：行政管理manage：業(yè)務(wù)管理theoverallbusinessmanagementplanofthecompany：公司整體經(jīng)營計劃monitortheexecutionoftheplaninquestion：監(jiān)督該計劃的執(zhí)行reviewandapproval：審

53、閱和批準(zhǔn)參考譯文：本協(xié)議雙方同意授權(quán)管理FCAM的董事會對公司整體經(jīng)營計劃的報批和監(jiān)督執(zhí)行負(fù)責(zé)。該經(jīng)營計劃需要提交協(xié)議雙方審閱和批準(zhǔn)。例9ThePartiestothisAgreementagree,andwillcauseFCAMtoagree,thatYwillselltoFCAM,andFCAMwillbuyfromY,allsuchspecializedmachineryandequipmentasisdeterminedthroughmutualconsultationbyandbetweenYandFCAMfortheeffectiveutilizationofthetechnic

54、alknow-howsuppliedbyYtoFCAMundertheTechnicalAssistanceAgreementatsuchpricesandonsuchtermsandconditionsasaredeterminedbyandbetweenthePartieshereto.注釋：specializedmachineryandequipment：特定機(jī)器設(shè)備equipment：(單數(shù)形式)設(shè)備determinedthroughmutualconsultation：協(xié)商決定theeffectiveutilizationofthetechnicalknow-how：有效使用技術(shù)訣竅

55、termsandconditions:條件(such.)as:作關(guān)系代詞，意為which,that參考譯文：本協(xié)議雙方同意并將使FCAM同意Y將向FCAM出售，F(xiàn)CAM從Y購買經(jīng)過Y和FCAM協(xié)商決定的特定機(jī)器設(shè)備，以保證根據(jù)技術(shù)服務(wù)協(xié)議由Y向FCAM提供的技術(shù)訣竅得到有效使用，并以協(xié)議雙方同意的價格和條件成交。例10TheterminationofthisContractshallnotinanywayaffecttheoutstandingclaimsandliabilitiesexistingbetweenthePartiesheretoupontheexpirationoftheval

56、idityoftheContractandthedebtorshallcontinuetobekeptliableforpayingtheoutstandingdebtstothecreditor.注釋：(1)theterminationofthisContract：本合同期滿(2)outstandingclaimsandliabilities:未了債務(wù)(3)debtor：債務(wù)人(4)creditor：債權(quán)人參考譯文：本合同期滿時，雙方之間發(fā)生的未了債務(wù)不受合同期滿的影響，債務(wù)人應(yīng)向債權(quán)人繼續(xù)支付未了債務(wù)herein英文釋義:inthis中文譯詞:此中，于此用法:表示上文已提及的本合同(中)的

57、，本法(中)的”等時，使用該詞。如表示本法(中)所稱的不正當(dāng)競爭，可譯為“unfaircompetitionmentionedherein”此處herein表示“inthisLaw；表示本協(xié)議(中)內(nèi)容，譯為“theContentsherein，此處herein表示“inthisAgreement。語法：置于所修飾詞后,緊鄰所修飾詞.例1UnfaircompetitionmentionedinthisLawreferstosuchactsofbusinessoperatorsascontravenetheprovisionshereof,witharesultofdamagingthelawf

58、ulrightsandinterestsofotherbusinessoperators,anddisturbingthesocio-economicorder.Businessoperatorsmentionedhereinrefertosuchlegalpersons,othereconomicorganizationsandindividualsasengageinthetradingofgoodsorprofit-makingservices(hereaftercalledGoodsincludingservices).注釋：unfaircompetition：不正當(dāng)競爭mention

59、edinthisLaw：本法所稱referto：是指contravenetheprovisionshereof：違反本法規(guī)定damagethelawfulrightsandinterestsofotherbusinessoperators：損害其他經(jīng)營者的合法權(quán)益disturbthesocio-economicorder:擾亂社會經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序businessoperatorsmentionedherein:本法所稱的經(jīng)營者h(yuǎn)erein：inthisLawengageinthetradingofgoodsorprofit-makingservices：從事商品經(jīng)營或營利性服務(wù)engagein：從事，

60、beengagedin：忙于參考譯文：本法所稱的不正當(dāng)競爭，是指經(jīng)營者違反本法規(guī)定，損害其他經(jīng)營者的合法權(quán)益，擾亂社會經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序的行為。本法所稱的經(jīng)營者，是指從事商品經(jīng)營或營利性服務(wù)(以下所稱商品包括服務(wù))的法人、其他經(jīng)濟(jì)組織和個人。例2ThisLawisherebyformulatedandpreparedinordertodeveloptheforeigntrade,maintaintheforeigntradeorderandpromotethehealthydevelopmentofthesocialistmarketeconomy.Foreigntradementionedherein