考研英語完形填空解題技巧

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)考研英語完形填空解題技巧目標(biāo):6分到7分.完型4分技巧: 和英語水平無關(guān)。紅花綠葉原則,紅花詞匯(必選的單詞) however although yet because綠葉詞匯(必不選的單詞) since(家族都不選) even since ,now that,what.涉及虛擬語氣的詞匯(表示與現(xiàn)實(shí)相反或不相符的情況) if only 但愿. 與過去相反,從句過去完成 與現(xiàn)在相反,一般過去時(shí) 與將來情況相反 would/could+v 所以用if only 最少是過去

2、時(shí).一般在文中很少選擇,in case(唯恐,萬一以免),lest,or else.(否則要不然)表示關(guān)于的詞 as to，with regard to，about，within reference to，2-5道紅花綠葉詞匯.概率原則：每篇完形填空中，A,B,C,D作為正確選項(xiàng)的個(gè)數(shù)在4-6之間。A選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)最多，蒙一水的A。沒有連續(xù)三個(gè)答案都一樣的情況。連續(xù)兩個(gè)答案都連在一起的答案0-3.相鄰答案都不一樣的概率17-20.五組答案中至少要出現(xiàn)3個(gè)字母作為正確選項(xiàng)，每組接縫處沒有連續(xù)兩個(gè)答案是一樣的情況。閱讀理解也有此規(guī)律。HTTP:/，我拼搏我自信，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的精神家園！4-7分技巧：

3、同義原則：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中兩個(gè)或三個(gè)實(shí)詞（名、動(dòng)、形、副）互為同義時(shí)，答案往往在其中。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中當(dāng)兩個(gè)或三個(gè)虛詞互為同義詞是往往都不選，介詞，連詞，感嘆詞。當(dāng)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)有一個(gè)共同的意思時(shí)，該意思往往不能被選。邏輯關(guān)系題原則：最重要的一個(gè)（7個(gè)左右），通過前后句的意思及其內(nèi)在關(guān)系來判定答案的題目。（本質(zhì)上是閱讀）。內(nèi)容：對(duì)立因果并列總分遞進(jìn)。1.表示對(duì)立關(guān)系：（3分）轉(zhuǎn)折：however、but、yet、nevertheless讓步：although、though、even though、even if 、much as、as，while、whereas其它：against、instead of、rat

4、her than、admit、ignoring、on the contrary、by constrast。對(duì)立關(guān)系考點(diǎn)：后句對(duì)前句直接否定是，叫轉(zhuǎn)折。當(dāng)后句是對(duì)前句間接部分否定時(shí)，叫讓步。Although和but，because和for不能在同一句中同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。Although、because從屬連詞。But、for（and）并列連詞。從屬連詞既可以放在句首，又可以放在句中，從屬連詞放在句中時(shí)前面一般不加逗號(hào)。而并列連詞只能放在句中，前面逗號(hào)可加可不加。For后面跟的是一個(gè)句就是連詞不可以放，如果只是一個(gè)名詞時(shí)就是介詞短語可以隨意放的.ough做副詞時(shí)可以插入狀語。放于中間時(shí)前后都要有逗號(hào)。wh

5、ile和whereas的區(qū)別。While可引導(dǎo)省略式的狀語從句，whereas不行。While可引導(dǎo)省略式的狀語從句的條件：一從句主語和主句主語相一致，二，從句是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。滿足這兩個(gè)條件后，從句的主語和系東西可省略。例：The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans.48.A b

6、utB whileC andD whereasThe phenomenon is avoiding while:盡管，雖然 當(dāng).的時(shí)候 于此同時(shí).判斷對(duì)立關(guān)系的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：A.根據(jù)句子意思標(biāo)準(zhǔn).B.根據(jù)褒貶色彩。He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 44 old agricultural impleme

7、nts and obtain chemical fertilizers to 45 the soil. Benefits have been weighed 40 harmful outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult40.A above B upon C against D withC.根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu),前面肯定后面否定,或者前面否定,后面肯定.例如:not題目?jī)蓚€(gè)句子之間的關(guān)系；選項(xiàng)是一些表對(duì)立關(guān)系的詞。All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child

8、 committing a criminal act, 40 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.40.A provided B since C althoughDsupposing38 This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and thei

9、r attention spans and by having clearly stated rules. 38. A on the contrary B on the average C on the wholeD on the other hand B項(xiàng)一定要有數(shù)字才能用，D項(xiàng)一定要有on one hand48 31題。P54 6題。每年都有一道not題目。注意，邏輯關(guān)系題目?jī)?yōu)先做的理由選項(xiàng)都認(rèn)識(shí) b范圍確定 c.往往不需要通讀全文,只要看前后句子.三板斧:紅花綠葉，邏輯關(guān)系，同義原則。P452.因果關(guān)系HTTP:/，我拼搏我自信，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的精神家園！表原因的詞:because、in t

10、hat、now that、since、as、for、as a result of、considering表結(jié)果的詞：so that，such that、as a result 、lead to、consequently、therefore、hence、thus、soP41 46題 p52 34題目 Families have also 33 changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; 34 , children are likely to have les

11、s supervision at home 35 was common in the traditional family 36 . 34. A contrarily B consequently Csimilar D simultaneously因果關(guān)系 A是對(duì)比關(guān)系。C和d是并列關(guān)系用詞，但是文中分號(hào)的作用已經(jīng)說明邏輯關(guān)系，不用再用c和d。Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 26 the fact that children from weal

12、thy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 27 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 28 to criticism.26.A consideringB ignoring C highlighting D discarding27.A onB in C for D with表對(duì)立，c之所以不行使因?yàn)楹蚢lso重復(fù)。The homeless make up a growing percentage o

13、f Americas population. _1_ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government cant possibly _2_. To help homeless people _3_ independence, the federal government must support job training programs, _4_ the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.1.A Indeed B Likewise C Therefore D

14、FurthermoreSuch.that 表因果所以c不可選,重復(fù)了.3并列關(guān)系.常用詞:and、as well as、likewise、while、similarly、simultaneously、meanwhile.And題三種做題方法: HTTP:/，我拼搏我自信，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的精神家園！a,and前后選擇同意詞.2003 23.此考法比較少 B.and前后考同一個(gè)范圍的詞。如03年25題。C.句子對(duì)應(yīng)成分分析。如形對(duì)形。A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long

15、 as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 . 37. A off B down C out D aloneLet down失望，沮喪let off 泄漏 let out 淘汰 let alone 更不用說，不用去管。Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experie

16、nce. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes. 21. A thought B idea C opinion D advice句子之間的并列關(guān)系。Giveideaopiniononabout 搭配不對(duì)give advice to sb on sth。Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the ind

17、ividual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 21 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 22 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 23 with others. Theories focusing on the role o

18、f society suggest that children commit crimes in 24 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status 25 as a rejection of middle-class values.(2003)21.A actingB relyingC centeringD commenting22.A beforeB unlessC untilD because23.A interactionsB assimilationC cooperationD consultation24.A re

19、turnB replyC referenceD response25.A orB but rather C but D or else本段總分結(jié)構(gòu)，2，3句話是并列結(jié)構(gòu)。focusing on 以.為焦點(diǎn),對(duì)應(yīng)21題目的選項(xiàng).In reference to 關(guān)于 綠葉詞 in reply to 對(duì).進(jìn)行答復(fù) in return to作為.的報(bào)答. In response to 對(duì).作出反應(yīng).failure to 沒能夠,未能夠.總分關(guān)系:for example、for instance(插入狀語) 、such as、including.例:2001 The government is to b

20、an payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.31.A as toB for instanceC in particularD such as prominent cases重大案件the trial of Rosemary West 羅斯瑪麗的小案 as to關(guān)于綠葉.b要當(dāng)選前后要有逗號(hào). 2003However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already

21、 filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 . publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. 28. A in effect B as a result C for example D in a sense1

22、3年來考察的插入狀語. for example、for instance though.遞進(jìn)關(guān)系(考的不多):still、also、indeed、furhermore（進(jìn)一步）、moreover（而且，除外）highlighting(突出強(qiáng)調(diào))a.遞進(jìn)關(guān)系是并列關(guān)系的一種。B.stil與also的區(qū)別。Still是指意見事情的遞進(jìn)。Also可以指一件，有可以指兩件事情。C.furthermore僅指同一間事情的遞進(jìn)，indeed，可以指一件，有可以指兩件事情。最好能做對(duì)8-9個(gè)。復(fù)現(xiàn)原則:某一概念在完型填空中出現(xiàn)兩次或者兩次以上時(shí)，它的提法應(yīng)該是以一樣的，也就是相對(duì)應(yīng)的成分彼此互為答案。The

23、 explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it _14_ to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can _15_ new receptors if necessary. This may _16_ explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not _17_ of the usual sm

24、ell of our own house but we _18_ new smells when we visit someone elses. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors _19_ for unfamiliar and emergency signals _20_ the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.16. Astil Balso Cotherwise Dnevertheless17. Asure Bsick Caware Dtired 18

25、. Atolerate Brepel Cneglect Dnotice 19. Aavailabe Breliable CidentifiableDsuitable 20. Asimilar toBsuch as Calong with Daside from2003.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 29 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy (that 30 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising

26、unemployment 31 )make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 32 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 33 changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; 34 , children are likely to have les

27、s supervision at home 35 was common in the traditional family 36 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Othe29. Aaffect Breduce C check D reflect30. Apoint Blead C come D amount31. Ain general Bon average C by contrast D at length32. Acase Bshort C

28、 turn D essence33. A survived B noticed C undertaken D experienced34. A contrarily B consequently Csimilar D simultaneously35. A than B that C which D as36. A system B structure C concept D heritage31,that處，名詞后加that，兩種可能性定語從句或者同位語，完整的一句話是同位語，缺成分的是從句。本處缺主語。根據(jù)主語和賓語的邏輯關(guān)系來選擇，他們的邏輯關(guān)系直接決定謂語的選擇。31處.后面是的mak

29、e/keep/find +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語.13年之考過這三個(gè)詞引導(dǎo)過賓語和賓補(bǔ).33前面also表示遞進(jìn),是三段引領(lǐng)的總分結(jié)構(gòu),為了做36題目.36題呼應(yīng)29前面的.2004的要背一背.2003的要背一背.表語原則: 如果所考空是標(biāo)語,那么主語就是線索當(dāng)標(biāo)語是名詞時(shí)它和主語是對(duì)等關(guān)系;當(dāng)標(biāo)語是形容詞時(shí)或相當(dāng)于形容詞時(shí)和主語是修飾關(guān)系.第五步：v， n，adj，adv。As was discussed before, it was not 22 the 19thcentury that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 23 ,

30、following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 24 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 25 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 26 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 27 the 20th century world o

31、f the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 28 It is important to do so.23.A meansB methodC mediumD measureThe speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be 49 to explain or describe in a 50 that can be understood by his listeners.49.A obscureB dif

32、ficultC impossibleD unable主語是the speaker .只有d可以修飾人.殺熟原則:標(biāo)準(zhǔn):是否在歷年真題中出現(xiàn)過,以05年的為例.2005年與歷年真題的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,1.C - 97年p42 48題A. 6.A - 97年44 A 9.D-97 48題D10.B-03年P(guān)51,33題A 11.C-94年p39,48題C 13.D- 04P53 39C17.C-04.p53,39 B 18.D- 04. p33.B 19.A 97 .P43 45C20.B-01.P46.31D 復(fù)習(xí)700個(gè)單詞夠了。完形填空的7分以上技巧動(dòng)詞題解題方法。 看主語，注意主謂搭配一致。 a.

33、看主語是人還是物. 主語必須是人的動(dòng)詞:believe,doubt,intend,require,respect,regard,be impressed by,notice,present.主語必須是物的:manifest 主謂一致原則 (考的比較少了)p39 43. Too often, careless use of words 43 a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener.43.A encouragesB preventsC destroyD offersA.鼓勵(lì) D.提供,求婚. 單數(shù)看賓語，注意動(dòng)賓搭配一致。a.看賓語是具

34、體名詞還是抽象名詞。He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 44 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 45 the soil.45.A enhanceB mixC feedD raiseDRaise 養(yǎng)活 a.

35、提高增強(qiáng) enhance+抽象名詞如效率，質(zhì)量等。enhance+抽象名詞feed，label，fasten+具體名詞。Tighten+抽象具體都可以。In a significant 32 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor,32.A tighteningB intensifyingC focusingD fastening動(dòng)名詞+of+賓語=動(dòng)詞+賓語。同義原則a和d。p45.45 p46 32 p43.50.b. 看賓語是人還是物。賓語只能是人的動(dòng)詞，assure，impress，side

36、with，share with，confide to，Credit sth. to sb賓語既可以是人有可以是物的動(dòng)詞:ensure, agree with. Concerns were raised 49 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 50 guilty verdict.有罪判決.50.A assureB confideC ensureD guarantee同義原則a,c,d.assure sb .of sth. Asure sb.that.P46.50 P48 38 P43 50.

37、The communications revolution has 38 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 39 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications38.A regardedB impressedC influencedD effected選擇一個(gè)主語和賓語都是sth的東西. Impressed主動(dòng)語態(tài)賓語一定要是人.同義原則.c和d.e

38、ffect都是不良的影響. HTTP:/，我拼搏我自信，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的精神家園！c.根據(jù)主語和賓語的邏輯關(guān)系來判定動(dòng)詞.(考的比較少,但是未來的發(fā)展方向.Changes economy fewer jobs.A.lead to b.amount toP46 38. p52 30.主賓一起看的題目.D.從及物和不及物的角度出發(fā)做題.重點(diǎn)不及物,及物動(dòng)詞太多了.詞組也存在及物和不及物的. P45.44 p43.49. p48 25 p39 44. p56 2.E.根據(jù)動(dòng)詞后的介詞及介詞短語解題. laid down that everybody was 45 to privacy and that

39、public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.45.A authorizedB creditedC entitledD qualifiedTo是介詞 p46(37,45)F.考慮句子中能夠?qū)?dòng)詞過程限制的成分.(一般只形容詞)In order to old agricultural implements。A.purchase b. supplement c.replace.背東西時(shí)就要注意這些的方向.名詞題 名詞作主語時(shí),謂語和標(biāo)語就是線索.名詞是賓語是謂語東西就是線索.根據(jù)名詞前后介詞判斷.

40、名詞和介詞的固定搭配就是. Approach to, key to, answer to ,confidence in,confident of.Specialist in,attitude to/toward ,research into,by contrast.P43.48. p40 45. p53 24. purpose ford.當(dāng)名詞后出現(xiàn)定語從句或者同位語從句，從句是線索。將是名詞的重要發(fā)展方向。_11_ when homeless individuals manage to find a _12_ that will give them three meals a day and

41、 a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day _13_ the street.12.A lodging B shelter C dwelling D houseA旅店 b.避難所.救濟(jì)所. C棲息地P46 33.49. p48.37. p50.25. p52.35 p56.12. E.通過已有名詞判定所選名字. 39 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said

42、the 41 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 42 to Parliament.39.AReleaseB PublicationC PrintingD ExposureExposure to 曝光,暴露,接觸 c.印刷 letter是單數(shù).a.發(fā)行.發(fā)行要很多的.b.發(fā)表.P46. 39.41形容詞題:形容詞做標(biāo)語時(shí),主語就是線索.p39 49 . p50.27.26有副詞對(duì)形容詞進(jìn)行修飾時(shí),副詞就是線索. 2001 Human Rights legally 44 in

43、Britain, laid down that(和法律有關(guān)系)44.A bindingB convincingC restrainingD sustainingP46.44c.有多個(gè)修飾成分同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞，答案就在修飾成分中。2001 will introduce a 33 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 34 and will strictly control the amount of 35 that can be given to a case 36 a trial begins.33.AsketchB rough

44、C preliminaryD draftBill受到前面和后面定語從句的修飾。33前面的選擇取決于后面的定語從句。P46 33. p50 33. 形容詞修飾名詞是,名詞就是線索. 39 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said(抗議)40.AstormB rageC flareD flashRage憤怒,語義重復(fù), flare 一閃而過的光 flash 一閃而過的光(同義原則本題失手)副詞題:利用主旨做題 p45.50.同義原則.p43.46 p51.33 p5

45、6.33利用時(shí)態(tài)做題.p42.47.瞬間性的副詞不能用在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)之中的. it is 47 changing the relationship between people and their jobs.47.A instantly(瞬間)B reverselyC fundamentallyD sufficiently(也不能)What是綠葉,what三大特點(diǎn)what引導(dǎo)主賓表從句.What前部能用名詞.不引導(dǎo)定語和同位語從句.What 后面的從句不完整.d.從句不完整,98%定語從句,1%what從句,1%省略式的狀語從句.定語從句和狀語從句缺少的成分不同,定語從句缺少的是名詞和狀語,省略是狀語從句缺少的是動(dòng)詞和主語,大部分從句是完整的.完形填空中的收尾: 完形填空解題的順序：先看選項(xiàng)，1.紅花綠葉原則，2.邏輯關(guān)系題目。3.同義原則。4殺熟原則