同等學(xué)力一筆記

1、Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Nice to meet you!Good morning, sir. Nice to meet you, too.Two purposesto pass the examinationto communicate：spoken English & written English We should try to learn English well once for all. * once for all 一勞永逸 life-long study 終身學(xué)習(xí)1Grammar 語法1、What is grammar：rule

2、s of language 漢語：意和性，抽象； 英語：結(jié)構(gòu)性，具體I dont touch chicken. 我不吃雞?？荚囈螅篴ccuracy 準(zhǔn)確度；speed 速度2、語法學(xué)習(xí)的目的：to read sentences to make sentences3、How to learn grammar?如何學(xué)習(xí)語法語法內(nèi)容包括：一、Sentence models 句子的模塊 二、Noun grammar 名詞語法（3大塊）三、Verb grammar 動詞語法（3大塊）四、Four special structures 特殊結(jié)構(gòu)（平行、比較、倒裝、強調(diào)）四大句子核心詞：名詞、動詞、形容詞

3、、副詞功能詞：助詞、介詞、冠詞、連詞* We take English class on Saturday. in：大的時間，年或者月；on：具體的某一天；at：時間的最小單位，幾時幾點2Sentence models 句子的模塊 Patterns 句型1、Basic patterns 基本句型（5+2個基本句型）主系表：I am a student. We are from different parts of China.主謂：She comes. He goes.（1）主語+謂語動詞根據(jù)是否可以帶賓語：及物動詞、不及物動詞助動詞：do havebeshallwill是動詞：be動詞I a

4、m a student. (am是be 動詞)I am talking.（am是助動詞）情態(tài)動詞：canmayhad better等實義動詞：Jack has gone.（主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）（2）主語+謂語+賓語I play basketball.I need money.We need change.3（3）主語+be動詞+主語的補足語（主系表結(jié)構(gòu)）We are friends.She is beautiful.My current job is to learn English well.半系動詞：變化類：become, come, grow, go, turn, run, get似乎類：seem

5、, appear, look感官類：smell, taste, sound, look保持類：stay, keep, remainShe becomes more and more beautiful.My dream comes true. It looks quite reasonable.What you said seems rightreasonable.The idea sounds great.She remains unchanged.Study hard, keep fit, work well.（4）主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語She always makes us hap

6、py.We elect Jack our monitor.Mr. Zhang let us read 2 passages everyday.（lethavemake接不帶to的動詞不定式）I hear somebody singing a song in the next room.4（5）主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語Jack lent me a lot of money yesterday.Show me the way.Mr. Zhang tells us how to learn English.Mr. Zhang tells us Mr. Gaddafi had been arre

7、sted. 轉(zhuǎn)換：主語+謂語+直接賓語+介詞+間接賓語Jack lent a lot of money to me.Jack repaired Mary the TV set.Jack repaired the TV set for Mary.She bought me a drink.= She bought a drink for me.（6）It 句型Its time to have a restbreak.It is my honor to meet you.51) it 做形式主語：it is offor sb. to do sth.it is consideratekind of

8、you to do it is necessary for you to do 形容詞修飾不定式的時候用for sb. to do sth. 形容詞修飾后面的邏輯主語是，用of sb. to do sth.這樣的形容詞通常是修飾人的特點，例如kind、considerate、brave等It is very stupid of you to say so in such a condition.It is very brave of him to run into the burning house to rescuesave sb.什么時候用it做形式主語？A、在結(jié)構(gòu)上為避免頭重腳輕It i

9、s necessary for us who have graduated mangy years to take part in a training class to pass the examination easily.B、表達(dá)說話人對做什么事情的態(tài)度和評價。It is very nice to meet you!* Kill two birds with one stone.一箭雙雕It has become more and more important for us to master a foreign language.62）it 做形式賓語：主語+謂語+it+賓語補足語+賓

10、語A、結(jié)構(gòu)上也是為避免頭重腳輕，賓語太長，賓語補足語太短B、語義上表達(dá)說話人認(rèn)為、發(fā)現(xiàn)、感覺做什么事情是可能的、容易的、困難的等。We find it quite possible to pass the postgraduate examination within only six months.Computer makes it easypossible for us to accomplishfinish this job with only two hours which should be done at least two months.The subwaymetro makes

11、 it convenient for us to go to work.well-educated 受過良好教育的3）強調(diào)句型：it is+被強調(diào)部分（主語、賓語、狀語、補足語）+thatwho* 強調(diào)句型只是一個結(jié)構(gòu)，去調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)句子仍就完整，句子不改變。I love you five years you.It is five years ago that I love you.* 強調(diào)人可以用who，強調(diào)其他都用that.I do love you. He did study hard last year. (強調(diào)謂語用do)Attitude is everything. 態(tài)度決定一切。74）

12、該做某事的時候了：it is highaboutgood time that+虛擬語氣It is high time that we took part in the postgraduate examination.（與現(xiàn)在事實相反）It is high time for us to take part in the postgraduate examination.5）還有多久做某事：it is+時間+before+從句 It is about half a year before we take part in TDXL examination.（同等學(xué)力考試 qualified tes

13、t for master degree application）It is less than a year before London Olympic Games begins.還有不到一年，倫敦奧運會就要開幕了。6）多久沒做什么事情：it is +時間+since+從句 It is three days since I smoked. 我三天沒有抽煙了。87）there be 句型 表存在的“有” There be句型遵循“就近原則”There is a leader and fifty candidates.There are fifty candidates and a leader.

14、There are numerous books in the There be sth. sb. +非謂語動詞There are 50 students taking English class in the classroom.There about 10 candidates to take part in the postgraduate examination of Beijing University. There are 20 thousand people killed in this tsunami.There are many desks for students to take class in the room. 描述在什么方面的變化There are slow