江蘇省橫林中學(xué)高一英語情態(tài)動詞課件 人教

1、Grammar情態(tài)動詞橫林中學(xué)英語組2021/8/8 星期日1非推測性情態(tài)動詞shall, will, must, mustnt, should, would的用法情態(tài)動詞could, should/ought to, may/might , neednt+ have done 表示假設(shè)的用法情態(tài)動詞must, can/could, may/might, should/ought to表猜測的用法情態(tài)動詞的一些慣用法2021/8/8 星期日2shall 1.shall 用于第二、三人稱陳述句中，表示說話人給對方的命令，警告，允諾或威脅。1)You shall go with me.(命令)2)

2、You shall have the book when I finish it.(允諾)3)He shall be punished.(威脅) 2. shall用于第一、三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見和向?qū)Ψ秸埵尽?)Shall we begin our class?（征求意見）5)When shall Mike be able to leave hospital?(請示)3.用語條約，規(guī)定，規(guī)章等文件中，表示一種義務(wù)，多用于第三人稱中。6) “The interest _be divided into five parts, according to the agreement

3、made by both sides.” declared the judge.A. may B. should C. must D. shall2021/8/8 星期日3must, mustnt1.must用于肯定句中表示“必須” - Must I hand in my exercises now? - Yes, you must. (No, you neednt.)我必須現(xiàn)在交練習(xí)嗎？是的，必須。（不，你不必）2.Must用語肯定句中表示“偏偏”。Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter must go and do the o

4、pposite. 自然地，在我交代女兒做什么之后，她偏偏要做相反的事情 3.mustnt表示“禁止” You mustnt play in the street.你不能在街上玩耍。2021/8/8 星期日4used to 和would的區(qū)別1.在表示過去重復(fù)的習(xí)慣時， used to可用would代替。例如：He would take a walk near the forest in the evening.以前，他晚間常在森林附近散步。He used to take a walk near the forest in the(而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里散步了)2.used to 強調(diào)過去的行為同現(xiàn)

5、在的對比，含有“過去怎樣而現(xiàn)在卻不這樣了”的意思；而would則單純表示過去的習(xí)慣性動作，常和often, everyday等連用。例如：She isnt what she used to be.她跟過去不一樣了。（表示對比，不可用would）We would sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story.我們每天晚上坐在院子里，聽他將故事。（表示過去的重復(fù)行為）3.表示過去的狀態(tài)，只能用 used to，不可用would。例如：There used to be a park.以前這里有一個公園。2021/8/8 星期日5shoul

6、d表示“居然，竟然”。I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old.我不敢相信這樣一個紳士居然對老人如此無禮。will表示“意愿”。If you will attend the club, please sign your name here.如果你愿意參加俱樂部，請在這里簽名。may, can/could 表示“按規(guī)定許可或征求別人的允許”。I can park my car here.(按規(guī)定停車)-Could /May I park my car here? (could表示語氣更加委婉)-No, you can

7、t/mustnt. Yes, you can/may2021/8/8 星期日6鞏 固 練 習(xí)1.-Wrtie to me when you get home. -I _.A. must B. should C. will D. can 2.A left-luggage office is a place where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A.should B. can C. must D. will3.-Excuse me, but I want to use your computer

8、 to type a report. -You_ have my computer if you dont take care of it.A.shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt4.Why _ he think like that? I _ believe it.A.should; wont B. should; cant C. would; wont D. could; cant5._ she use the computer in the office? -Yes, please.A. Will B. Would C. Can D.ShallC

9、BABD2021/8/8 星期日7Must+do/be doing 可以對現(xiàn)在、現(xiàn)在進行的情況進行肯定的推測1.Judging from his accident, he must be from the south.聽他的口音， 他一定是南方人。2.Tom bought a lot of apples. He must like eating apples.湯姆買了很多蘋果，他一定喜歡吃蘋果。3.It is eleven oclock at night and the lights are off. They must be sleeping now.現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是深夜十一點且燈都關(guān)了，他們一定

10、是在睡覺了。2021/8/8 星期日8Must +have done 表示對過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為進行推測，意為“想必/準是/一定作了某事”。1.It must have rained last night, for the road was very muddy. 昨晚 一定是下雨了， 因為地上很泥濘。2.We must have learned 2,000 words by the end of last term. 到上學(xué)期為止我們一定學(xué)了有兩千個單詞 。3.He must have gone to Beijing. 他一定已經(jīng)去北京了。 2021/8/8 星期日9NOTICEmust表推測

11、時只能用于肯定句中。與must有關(guān)句子的反意疑問句。2021/8/8 星期日101.Judging from his accident, he must be from the south,2.Tom bought a lot of apples. He must like eating apples,3.It is eleven oclock at night and the lights are off. They must be sleeping now,isnt, he? didnt he?arent they?因must后是實意動詞like因must后是系動詞 be must后接的是

12、be sleeping，是對正在進行的情況推測2021/8/8 星期日111.We must have learned 2,000 words by the end of last term,hadnt we?3.He must have gone to Beijing,didnt it?hasnt he? 若句中含有過去完成時的時間狀語，用過去完成時完成反意疑問句若句中含有過去的時間狀語，用一般過去時完成反意疑問句若句中不含任何時間狀語， 用現(xiàn)在完成時完成反意疑問句2.It must have rained last night, for the road was very muddy，20

13、21/8/8 星期日12can 后跟動詞原形，表示小、對現(xiàn)在情況的否定和疑問推測1. Mr Li has gone to Beijing, the man at the gate cant be him。 李老師去北京了，門口的那個人不可能是他。2. The watch is not yours. Who elses can it be? 這塊表不是你的，它可能是誰的呢？2021/8/8 星期日13can/could+have done表示對過去的行為的懷疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑問句中。1. Can they have won the basketball match?他們可能贏了籃球賽

14、嗎？2. It couldnt have been Mr. Green. He has gone to New York. 那不可能是格林先生的，他已經(jīng)去北京了。2021/8/8 星期日14may/might后跟動詞原形，表示對現(xiàn)在情況的推測。may/might+have done表示對過去已發(fā)生行為的推測，意為“也許/或許/已經(jīng)”。一般只用語肯定句和否定句中，不用與疑問句。might比may更委婉、含蓄和不肯定。 1. He may/might be English.他可能是英國人。2. Its too late. I think he may have gone to bed.太晚了，我想

15、他可能已經(jīng)睡覺了。3. He may/might not have finished the work.他可能沒有完成工作。2021/8/8 星期日15should/ought to表示推測，意為“理應(yīng)，應(yīng)該”。They left yesterday. They should be home by now. 他們昨天就離開了，現(xiàn)在理應(yīng)到家了。2021/8/8 星期日16鞏 固 練 習(xí) 1.-What _ it be? -It _ be a mail box, for it is moving. It _ be a car.A. can; cant; must B. can; can; must

16、 C. can; mustnt; must D. must; mustnt can 2. -Isnt that Anns husband over there? -No. it _ be him-Im sure he doesnt wear glasses.A.cant B. must not C. wont D, may not3.-When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They _ be ready by 12:00.A. can B. should C. might D. need4.-are y

17、ou coming to Jeffs party? -Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.A. must B. would C. should D. might AABD2021/8/8 星期日175.-You may laugh, but Ive been thinking of becoming a vegetarian. -Oh, you _ be out of your mind. You will be hungry all the time.A. will B. may C. must D. should6.-I wonder wh

18、y they are late? -They _ the train.cant have missed B. could missC. must have missed D. might miss7.-Show me your permit, please! -Oh, its not in my pocket. It _.A. might fall out B. could fall out C. should have fallen out D. must have fallen outCCD2021/8/8 星期日187. -Has Mike started? He said he wou

19、ld join in the party. -He _. He is a man of keeping his word.A. could have left B. must have leftC. cant come D. wont be coming8.Everything has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, _ be just noise to others.must B. may C. should D. could 9. -There were already five people in the car, but they mana

20、ged to take me as well. -It _ a comfortable journey.A.cant be B. mustnt have been C. should be D. couldnt have been 10.Chinese must have the largest number of speakers, _.A.mustnt they B. havent they C. dont they D. didnt theyBBDC2021/8/8 星期日19could(不用can)+have done,在肯定句中表示“本來能夠而沒能”，具有婉轉(zhuǎn)的批評和責備之意。1.

21、I could have passed my exam easily, but I made too many stupid mistakes. 我本來能夠輕易通過考試，但我犯了太多不該 犯的錯誤。2.You could have reported to me earlier. 你本該早點告訴我的。2021/8/8 星期日20should/ought to+have done用于肯定句時，表示“本該做某事而實際上沒做”，用于否定句時，則表示“不該做的事反而做了”。1.You should have told him a week ago.你本來應(yīng)該在一周前告訴他的。2.You ought no

22、t to have taken the magazine out of the reading room.他不該、把雜志帶出閱覽室的。2021/8/8 星期日21might（不用may）+have done表示“本來可能”，但實際上沒有發(fā)生的事。另外，還可表示“本來應(yīng)該或可以做某事”之意，含有輕微的責備語氣。1.You might not have told her.你本可以不告訴他的。（事實上你告訴他了）2. You might have come earlier.你本可以早點來的。（但沒有這樣）2021/8/8 星期日22neednt +have done表示做了本來不必去做的事。1.Sh

23、e neednt have gone to the station yesterday.昨天她本不必到火車站去的.（昨天她去了）2.You neednt have bought it.你本可不必買它的。 （你買了）2021/8/8 星期日23鞏 固 練 習(xí) 1.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I _ so much fried chicken just now.A. shouldnt eat B. shouldnt have eaten C. mustnt eat D. mustnt have eaten2.-Why hasnt Jane arr

24、ived yet? -She _ again in the morning?A. shouldnt have overslept B. may have turned off the alarm clockC. must have no one t o call herD. should have someone to wake her up3.-Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday? -No. We _, but we decided not to.A.should have gone B. could go C. should g

25、o D. could have goneBBA2021/8/8 星期日244.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally.neednt dress B. didnt have to dress upC. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up5.Im rather surprised you havent reported him to your teacher. In my opinion, you _ this as soon as you found out he was cheating. must have done B. might have done