新世紀(jì)高等院校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)本科生系列教材《綜合教程2》unit2課后練習(xí)答案,大學(xué)本科英語(yǔ)專業(yè)

1、新世紀(jì)高等院校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)本科生系列教材(修訂版)綜合教程2unit2課后練習(xí)答案，大學(xué)本科英語(yǔ)專業(yè)UNIT2TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderTextComprehensionCFFFTTAnswerthefollowingquestions1.theanswercanbefoundinthefirsttwoparagraphsThewritermentions3distinctadvantagesofgrowingolder,i.e.lessconcernforonesappearance(para3),lessuncertaintyabouttheunknownsinthefu

2、ture(para4),andsurerself-identity(para5)refertoPara4refertopara5thewriterlearnsthesignificancefromherparentscontentmentthathenewer(younger)isnotnecessarilybetter,andshecanbehappierthanbeforeasshegrowsolder.VocabularyI.VocabularyAnalysis1Phrasepracticebeapttobelikelyto易于，有的傾向e.g.Infantsareapttoputthe

3、irhandsintotheirmouths.嬰兒愛(ài)把手往嘴里塞。fallapart:breakup,disintegrate3.ingeneralasawhole通常，大體上；總的來(lái)說(shuō)，從總體上看e.g.Ingeneral,thiscompanysproductsareveryreliable.這家公司的產(chǎn)品通常是很可靠的。Ingeneral,thispaperisabitdifficultforthesestudentstofinishinanhour.總的來(lái)說(shuō)，讓學(xué)生在一個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)完成這份試卷有些困難。atthemercyofpowerlessagainst;completelycontr

4、olledby對(duì)無(wú)能為力；任處置，任由擺布e.g.Somepeoplearebornwiththebeliefthattheyaremastersoftheirownlives.Othersfeeltheyareatthemercyoffate.有些人天生相信自己是生命的主宰，另一些人則覺(jué)得他們受到命運(yùn)的支配。Idontwanttoputmyselfatthemercyofothers.我不希望任由他人擺布。nowondernotsurprising/onlytoonatural不足為奇，并不奇怪e.g.Itisnowonderthatitissowetinthesouth.南方這么潮濕，并不

5、奇怪。Nowonderyouresotired,youveworkedthreehourswithoutabreak.難怪你這么累，你已經(jīng)連續(xù)工作了三個(gè)小時(shí)。Itisnowonderthathefailedhisfinalexam.他沒(méi)能通過(guò)期末考試，這是不足為怪的。II.fillintheblanksdelay2.Feverishly3.fagade4.confronted5.premise6.dreaded7.automatically8.awaitingIIIFillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.Shehasgotth

6、isobsessive(obsess)fearoflosingcontrol,soshenevershowsheremotions.Peopleunderalotofstressatworkwilloftenexperiencemoodiness(mood),irritabilityandalossofconfidence.Theywantedatolerable(tolerate)existence一morefood,bettershelter,andpeace.Intheend,thecompanyanditsinvestorscametoamutuallybeneficial(benef

7、it)arrangement.Workingwiththementallyhandicappedcanbeasatisfying(satisfy)andrewardingexperience.Frogscansearchforfoodunderwater,hidden(hide)frombirdsofprey.WhenIaskedheraboutwhereshewantedthemeetingtobeheld,shedidntexpressanyparticularpreference(prefer).Thecommitteehasmadefourspecificcriticisms(crit

8、ical)ofthegovernmentstransportationpolicy.obsessv.(使)牽掛，(使)惦念，(使)著迷obsesseda.著迷的obsessionn.困擾，沉迷，著魔obsessivea.著迷的，強(qiáng)迫性的，分神的e.g.愛(ài)麗絲被一個(gè)她剛剛認(rèn)識(shí)的男孩迷住了。Alicewasobsessedbyaboyshehasjustmet.他一直想要找到他的父親，但是最近這變成了一種狂熱。Hesalwayswantedtofindhisfatherbutrecentlyitsbecomeanobsession.moodn.心情，情緒moodya.易怒的，喜怒無(wú)常的，情緒化的m

9、oodinessn.憂郁e.g.我每個(gè)星期日情緒都很壞。IamalwaysinabadmoodonSunday.我的妻子在醫(yī)院里心情不好。Mywifeismoodyatthehospital.3.toleratev.容忍，忍受tolerablea.可容忍的toleranta.寬容的，容忍的e.g.她能忍受寒冷的天氣。Shecantoleratethecolddays.這種炎熱的天氣在夜晚可以忍受。Theheatwastolerableatnight.4.benefitn.利益；津貼beneficiala.有益的，有利的beneficiaryn.受惠者，受益人e.g.這項(xiàng)工程對(duì)每個(gè)人都大有好處。

10、Thisprojectisofgreatbenefittoeveryone.新鮮空氣有益于健康。Freshairisbeneficialtoourhealth.她的丈夫是她遺囑的主要受益人。Herhusbandisthechiefbeneficiaryofherwill.5.satisfyv.使?jié)M意，滿足satisfactionn.滿意satisfactorya.令人滿意的e.g.觀賞一幅美麗的圖畫使人心滿意足。Lookingatabeautifulpaintingalwaysgivesonesatisfaction.她對(duì)現(xiàn)狀根本不滿意。Sheisnotatallsatisfiedwithth

11、epresentsituation.6.hidev.隱藏，隱瞞hidingn.隱藏，躲藏hiddena.隱藏的，秘密的e.g.她設(shè)法不表露自己的感情。Shetriedtohideherfeelings.警察正在追趕藏匿起來(lái)的殺人犯。Thepolicearefollowingamurdererwhosinhiding.7.preferv.較喜歡；寧可preferablea.更好的，更合意的preferencen.偏愛(ài)，優(yōu)先，喜愛(ài)物preferentiala.優(yōu)先的；優(yōu)惠的e.g.我更喜歡牛奶，而不是咖啡.Iprefermilktocoffee.我父親感到在鄉(xiāng)村生活比在城市生活要好些。Myfath

12、erfindscountrylifepreferabletolivinginthecity.對(duì)于求職者，我們優(yōu)先考慮有一定經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人。Inconsideringpeopleforjobs,wegivepreferencetothosewithsomeexperience.8.criticala.批評(píng)的；決定性的，關(guān)鍵的criticn.批評(píng)家，評(píng)論家criticismn.批評(píng)，評(píng)論criticizev.批評(píng)；非難e.g.他的行為招致尖銳的批評(píng)。Hisbehaviorcalledforthsharpcriticism.他批評(píng)了我的冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)。Hecriticizedmytakingrisks.IV.c

13、hoosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartineachsentenceCDAABDCBV.Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.AdvertisementsconvinceustobuyGrecianFormulaandOilofOlaysowecanhidethegrayinourhair.Synonym:conceal,disguiseMylegsweretooheavy,myshoulderstoobroad,mywa

14、isttoobig.Antonym:narrowTheircontentmentholdsoutgreatpromiseformeasImoveintothenext一perhapsevenbetterphaseofmylife.Synonym:satisfaction,happiness,joyTheVirtuesofGrowingOlderSynonym:merits,advantagesMyroundedfigureseemsfine,andIdontdenymyselfasliceofpecanpieifIfeelinthemood.Synonym:fat,plumpDavelifte

15、dweights,tookmegadosesofvitaminsanddrankahalf-dozenmilkshakesadayinordertoturnhiswiryadolescentframeintosomemuscularideal.Synonym:well-builtThetwoofusenjoywearingfashionableclothes,butwearenolongerslavestostyle.Antonym:old-fashioned,outdatedObviously,Istillhaveimportantchoicestomakeaboutmylife,butIh

16、avealreadymademanyofthecriticaldecisionsthatconfrontthosejuststartingout.Synonym:clearly,evidentlyVIPrefixWriteineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedineachgivenword.prefaceprologueforesightparalprefaceprologueforesightparalysisprepareprogressforeseeparallelperipherydialoguesemifinaldeval

17、uateperimeterdiametersemiconductordecelerateExplanation:pre-:beforesomeoneorsomethinge.g.prewar,precondition,precaution,predictionExplanation:pro-:ceed,procession,provisionExplanation:fore-:beforeorinthefrontofe.g.foreword,foretell,forecast,foreheadExplanation:para-:ononesidee.g.paragra

18、ph,parallelExplanation:per-:surroundinge.g.periodic,periodExplanation:dia-:passthroughbetweensth.e.g.dialectic,diagram,diagnosisExplanation:semi-:halforpartlye.g.semicircle,semi-final,semi-skilledExplanation:de-:reducee.g.declass,degrade,deduceIIGrammarExercisesconcretenouns&abstractnounsConcretenou

19、nsarewordsweuseforpeople,places,orthingsthatwecanobservewithatleastoneofourfivesenses.Theabstractclassistheoppositewecanneverexperiencethesenounsaccordingtooursenses.Whilethisdistinctionissometimesuseful,theboundarybetweenconcreteandabstractisnotalwaysclear.Somenounscanbeusedasuncountablenounswhenth

20、eyrefertoathingingeneralandcountablenounswhentheyrefertoaparticularinstanceofit,consider,forexample,thenounart,whichusuallyreferstoaconcept:e.g.Artisanimportantelementofhumanculture.Butitcanrefertoaspecificartworkincertaincontexts:e.g.Iputmydaughtersartuponthefridge.Thisistheproblemofcontextwithinse

21、ntences.Practice:Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeappropriateformsofthenounsgiven.agony2.agonies3.experience4.experiences5.youth6.ayouth7.agreathelp8.agoodknowledge9.agrayhair10.workII.quantifiers&determiners(every,each,everyone,everyone,all)1A2.B3.D4.C5.A6.B7.B8CCompletethereadingAlotof,alittle,

22、some,afew,A,some,some,alotof,x,many,x,alotofCompletethefollowingall,everyone,2.each3.every4.each5.everyone6.each7.everyone,everyone,8.eachCorrecterrorsinthefollowingsentences.youmusttakecareThoughhereceivedthedocumentlateatnightitWhenyoufellWhenyoureadIbecameclearaboutwhathemeantWesawthefirststarshi

23、ningintheskywhowereeatinghewascleaningTranslation:I.Translationexercises1.許多中年人去健身房鍛煉，到街上跑步，為的是延緩衰老。青年人最不穩(wěn)定的因素就是，他們對(duì)價(jià)值觀、人生目標(biāo)和夢(mèng)想還猶豫不定。鎮(zhèn)上開(kāi)會(huì)我可以大膽發(fā)言，在商店里購(gòu)物我也敢投訴，因?yàn)槲也辉俸ε氯藗儠?huì)笑我，也不再渴望人人都喜歡我。我不再因?yàn)樽约簜€(gè)性方面的缺陷責(zé)怪父母，也不會(huì)對(duì)他們?cè)陴B(yǎng)育我的過(guò)程中所犯的種種過(guò)失耿耿于懷。II.Manyvainyoungpeopleareobsessedwithfancycarsdespitethefactthattheyareno

24、tyetrichenoughtoaffordthem.Practice:被工作迷了心竅的人和酒鬼、吸毒者或慣賭都一樣癮頭很大。Themanwhoisobsessedwithhisjobisjustashookedasthealcoholic,thejunkie,orthecompulsivegambler.你們這一代可能會(huì)因?yàn)楦星殛P(guān)系的頻繁變化而產(chǎn)生困擾。Yourgenerationmayseemtobeobsessedwithrelationshipsthatchangecontinually.Theirmarriagefinallyfellapartwhenhisaffairwithano

25、therwomanwasfoundoutbyhiswife.Forartisticinspiration,theartistlivedinthecountryforthreeyears,wherehedeniedhimselfmanycomfortsoflife.ImnotsureifwecanhavetheexcursiontoChongmingIslandtomorrow.Itisatthemercyoftheweather.WhenhewasyounghewenttoJapantolearnmedicine,butafterhereturnedtoChinahechangedhismin

26、dandpursuedacareerasawriterallhislife.Shestakenupwithamanoldenoughtobeherfather,whichisadisgracetoherparents.Practice:她的父母很不明白她為什么會(huì)和一個(gè)失業(yè)的男演員交往。Herparentscouldnotunderstandwhyshehadtakenupwithanunemployedactor.有名望有權(quán)勢(shì)的男人似乎對(duì)“保姆型”的女人情有獨(dú)鐘，如秘書(shū)、助手和乘務(wù)員等等。Powerfulmenseemtotakeupwiththeyoungwomenwhosejobwasto

27、tendtothemandcarefortheminsomeway:theirsecretaries,assistants,flightattendants,etc.Since1978,oureconomyhaswitnessedarapiddevelopment;incontrastthatofsomedevelopedcountrieshavedeclined.Practice:謝謝你和我分享中國(guó)的故事，我會(huì)再來(lái)中國(guó)見(jiàn)證她的變化。ThanksfortalkingandsharingChinasstorywithme.IwillreturntoChinaandwitnessallitshap

28、penings.“十一”之前我肯定能回到中國(guó)，我個(gè)人也愿意見(jiàn)證中國(guó)的歡騰時(shí)刻。IamsuretocomebacktoChinabeforeOctober1st.PersonallyIwouldliketowitnesstheimportantgalaofChina.Theearthquakeisolatedthiscityfromotherareas.Imafraidtheirfoodsupplieswillnotholdoutthroughthewinter.Practice:如果供給品充裕的話，我們將在此繼續(xù)露營(yíng)一個(gè)星期。Ifoursuppliesholdout,wewillcampher

29、eforanotherweek.那位飛行員說(shuō)，因?yàn)槿狈θ剂?，他只能再?jiān)持一小時(shí)，然后就不得不把飛機(jī)降落在水面上。Thepilotsaidhecouldholdoutforanotherhourbeforehewouldhavetoditchtheplanebecauseoflackoffuel.Exercisesforintegratedskills1.DictationIthink/thatasuccessfuloldageiseasiestforthose/whohavestrongimpersonalinterests/leadingtosuitableactivities./Itisi

30、ntheseactivities/thatlongexperienceisreallyfruitful,/andthatthewisdombornofexperience/canbeused/withoutbecomingaburden./Itisnousetellinggrown-upchildren/nottomakemistakes,/bothbecausetheywillnotbelieveyou,/andbecausemistakesareanessentialpartofeducation./Butifyouareoneofthose/whoareincapableof/imper

31、sonalinterests,/youmayfindthat/yourlifewillbeempty/unlessyouconcernyourself/withyourchildrenandgrandchildren./Inthatcase/youmustrealize/thatwhileyoucanstillhelpthem/inmaterialways,/youmustnotexpect/thattheywillenjoyyourcompany.ClozePsychologicallytherearetwodangerstobeguarded(1)againstinoldage.Oneof

32、theseistoogreatanabsorptioninthepast.Oneshouldnotliveinmemories,inregrets(2)forthegoodolddays,orinsadnessaboutfriendswhoaredead.Onesthoughtsmustbedirectedtothe(3)future,andtothingsaboutwhichthereissomethingtobe(4)doneThisisnotalwayseasy;onesownpastisgraduallyincreasingweight.Itiseasytothinkthatonese

33、motionsusedtobemorevividthantheyare,andonesmindmorekeen.Ifthisistrueitshouldbeforgotten,andifitisforgottenitwillprobablynotbetrue.The(5)otherthingtobeavoidedisclingingtoyouthinthehope(6)offindingstrengthinitsvitality.Whenyourchildrengrowuptheywanttolive(7)theirownlives,andifyoucontinuetobeasinterest

34、edinthemasyouwerewhentheywereyoung,youare(8)likelytobecomeaburdentothem,unlesstheyareunusuallyinsensible.Idonotmeanthatoneshouldbewithoutinterestinthem,butonesinterestshouldbeconsiderateand,(9)ifpossible,charitable,butnottooemotional.Animalsbecomeindifferenttotheiryoungassoonastheiryoungcanlookafter

35、(10)themselves,buthumanbeings,owingtothelengthofinfancy,findthislesseasy.Hints:1)Aprepositioncollocateswith“guard”tomean“preventsomethingfromhappening”.RefertothefirsttwosentencesinPara.1.Aprepositionisneededtocollocatewith“inthehope”.8)Whichwordcanmean“probable”?Oralactivities1.GivingatalkInthetext

36、theauthorwritesabout,tothecontraryofwhatwenormallytakeforgranted,theadvantagesofgrowingolder,withtheexperiencesofherselfandherparentsasexamples.Asayoungstudent,youmayhavemadesomeobservationsaboutthelivesofyourparentsandgrandparents.Forinstance,youmayhavefoundthattheyseemhappierthanyoungerpeople.Tell

37、somestoriesaboutwhattheyhavegonethroughandtrytoexplainwhytheyseemtobecontentedwithwhatlifehasofferedthem.Foryourreference:1.Youmayusethefollowingwordsandexpressionsinyourstories:confront,sufferfrom,makeachoice,endure,tolerate,gothrough,difficulty,obstacle,hardship,painfulexperience,giveup,holdon,ins

38、ist,pursue,reward,benefit,gift,feelrelieved,balance,relaxation,belief,growth,maturity,insight,positive,optimistic,accomplished,contentmentYoumayexpressthefollowingviewpointsintellingyourstories:Whengrandparentssurvivedthewartimes,theycherishedthe“new”lifeinthepresentsocietyandfeltcontent.Whenparents

39、wentthroughthedifficultiessuchas,theyenjoyedtheirchangefromimmaturitytomaturity.Theythinkthegreatestbenefitofbeingoldisknowing“whoIam”.HavingadiscussionTherelationshipbetweenretiredelderlypeopleandtheirchildrenisanincreasinglyseriousproblemthatthreatenstheharmonyofChinesesociety.Ayoungcouplemayhavet

40、otakecareoffourparentsaswellastheirownchild.Whatdoyouthinkourcommunityshoulddotoensurethattheelderlystillliveahappymeaningfullifeinoldagewithoutputtingtoomuchburdenontheyoungergeneration?Andwhatshouldtheelderlypeoplethemselvesdotohelpsolvethisproblem?Moreimportantly,whatshouldwedotoprotectthebasicfa

41、bricofourtraditionalsocietyinsuchcircumstances?Organizeyourselvesintogroupsoffiveorsixanddiscussthesequestions.Forreference:1.Somesuggestionsthatourcommunityshouldadopttoeasetheburdenwhichareputontheyoungergeneration:Improvingwelfareandhealthinsurancesystemforelderlypeople.Settingupmoreself-containe

42、dseniorshomesorhealthfacilities.Establishingvolunteerssystemtohelpelderlypeople.2.Somesuggestionsthattheelderlypeopleshouldadopttohelpsolvetheproblem:Understandingtheirchildrensdifficultiesandtryingbesttolearnhowtotakecareofthemselves,whichmayhelpkeepgoodhealth.Developingmorehobbiesafterretirement.F

43、oronething,itmayhelpthemmaintainapositiveattitudetowardslife.Foranother,itcaneasetheirchildrensburdenoflookingafterthem.Somesuggestionsthatpeopleshouldadopttoprotectthebasicfabricofthetraditionalsocietyinsuchcircumstances:Youngpeopleshouldshowfilialpietytothefourparentsanddonotbebiasedandtrytocommun

44、icatewiththemandunderstandthemmore.Ifpossible,arrangefourparentstoliveinthesamecitysothatchildrencantakecareofthemalternatively.WritingPracticeParagraphdevelopmentthetopicsentenceAtopicsentenceisastatementofthecontrollingideathattherestoftheparagraphclarifies,exemplifies,orsupports.Itisusuallythemostgeneralstatementoftheparagraphbutmeanwhilespecificenoughsothatitcanbefullydevelopedinasingleparagraph.Agoodtopicsentencepromiseswhatistocome.Agoodtopicsentencehasthreecharacteristics:itincludesa