語法被動(dòng)語態(tài)專練-牛津譯林版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)

1、被動(dòng)語態(tài):主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例如：Many people speak English.謂語：speak的動(dòng)作是由主語many people來執(zhí)行的。當(dāng)句子的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)的意思，一般情況下要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：English is spoken by many people.主語 English 是動(dòng)詞 speak 的承受者。結(jié)構(gòu)：be + done （動(dòng)詞過去分詞）不同時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：am/ is /are +donewas / were +donewill be done / am/is/are going to

2、 be done has / have been done.主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換的步驟1）主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài) 主語變賓語加by；賓語變主語；對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)He planted a lot of trees in the hills.A lot of trees were planted by him in the hills2）被動(dòng)語態(tài)變主動(dòng)語態(tài) 主語變賓語；賓語變主語，去掉by；對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)語態(tài) A lot of trees will be planted by them in the hills.They will plant a lot of trees in the hill

3、s.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的注意點(diǎn)(1)在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，后面跟動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)，到了被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要加to, 常見的 make/ let / see/ hear /notice / find +sb +do sthbe made to do / be seen to do / be heard to do / be let to do .He often makes us laugh happily .We are made to laugh happily by him.（2）跟雙賓語的結(jié)構(gòu)，在改被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，如果是人來做主語，其他不變；如果是物做主語，要加介 詞to或是for.He gave me this ma

4、gazine yesterday.-I was given this magazine yesterday.This magazine was given to me yesterday(3)在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中含有固定搭配的詞組，在改被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，介詞是不能少的。She often listens to this song .-This song is often listened to by himThe doctor operated on three patients .Three patients were operated on by the doctor.(4) allow sb to d

5、o sth / tell sb to do sth / ask sb to do sth be allowed to do / be told to do / be asked to do sth常見的不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的詞 一般情況：不及物動(dòng)詞本身沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如果動(dòng)詞加上介詞可以跟賓語，如：operate on那么把整個(gè) 動(dòng)詞短語看作及物動(dòng)詞短語，存在被動(dòng)語態(tài)。He was operated on by an experienced doctor.此外無被動(dòng)情況：(1)聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞是不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的。The fish smells good./ look , taste , feel, sou

6、nd(2)常考詞無被動(dòng)情況:happen / take place / come out / run out / rise(3)某些及物動(dòng)詞可作不及物動(dòng)詞用，特別是后加副詞(如well, easily等)時(shí)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)有被動(dòng)含 義，這類動(dòng)詞常見的有sell, write, wear, wash, cook等。如：This kind of radio smells well,這種收音機(jī)很暢銷。The cloth washes easily.這種布很容易洗。一、單項(xiàng)選擇。()1. I feel very happy that I to be the host.一 Congratulations.A.

7、 chooseB. was chosenC. have chosenD. chose()2. 一 Did you go to Jacks birthday party? No, I.A. am not invitedB. wasnt invitedC. havent invitedD. didnt invite()3. I want to teach in this area. Well, teachers very much here.A. needB. are needing C. are needed D. will need()4. Where the trousers?A. are;

8、 made in B. are; madeC. is; made inD. is; made()5. 一 I bought a book yesterday. 一 Really? Who this book?A. did; written byB. do; writtenC. was; written by D. was; written()6. Each year quite a lot of food around the world.A. was wastedB. is wastedC. wastedD. will be wasted()7. How was the situation

9、here yesterday?一 Well, no further change yesterday.A. was taken place B. has taken place C. took place D. would take place ()8. A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week .A. givenB. will be given C. has been given D. gives()9. 一Alice, you on the phone. 一Im coming.

10、 Thanks.A. wantB. are wantedC. are wanting D. have wanted()10. The books by Guo Jingming out already.A. are written, have soldB. written, have been soldC. written, sellD. write, are sold()11. These books out of the reading room. You have to read them here.A. must be taken B. cant take C. can takeD.

11、mustnt be taken()12. 一What should we do first if we want to develop our village?一A lot of new roads, I think.A. must build B. have to build C. must be built D. have built)13.一At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.-More chances to students to learn from each other.C. have off

12、eredare used forC. appeared inC. is happenedD. are offeringC. have offeredare used forC. appeared inC. is happenedD. are offeringare using forD. was appeared onD. happenedA. used toB. are used to)15A dog the screen.A. appeared on B. is appeared in )16. An accident on this road last week.A. has been

13、happened B. was happened )17. This kind of cloth well in this shop because it very easily.A. sells, is washed B. is sold, is washed C. is sold, washes D. sells, washes )18. The fish very nice. Who it by?A. is smelt, did, cook B. smells, did, cook C. smells, was, cooked D. is smelt, was, cooked()19.

14、The letter three days ago and it yesterday.A. had post, had arrivedB. was posted, arrivedC. was posted, was arrivedD. posted; arrived二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。l.Its said that the long bridge(build)in two months.Where to have the meeting(discuss)now.Which language the most widely(speak)in the world?.The lost

15、 boy(not find)so far.Last year a large number of trees(cut)down. The students often(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. The old man is ill. He(must send) to the hospital. Can the magazine(take) out of the library?. The stars cant(see) in the daytime. Some flowers(water) by Li Ming already.

16、 The boys were seen(play) football by our teacher at that time. Your pen(write) smoothly, where you(buy) it?.The class meeting(hold) last Wednesday afternoon.Jim(learn) many Chinese songs since he came to China. The little was seen(fall) into the river just now.News programmes(show) on TV every day.

17、China will be greener if more trees(plant).The 29th Olympic Games(take) place in Beijing ,China.His father(read) newspaper when someone knocked at the door.Im afraid the trousers of your size(sell) out already.My new sweater(make) of wool.Thousands of new books are(print) every day.My homework(check) half an hour ago.This birthday present(send)to me by my friend from America last week.Trees(can plant) either in spring or in autumn.Yesterday, she was made(finish) all the work in a