翻譯專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)參考資料

1、翻譯專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)天壇(the Temple of Heaven)坐落在北京南城正門(mén)內(nèi)東側(cè)，是世界級(jí)的藝術(shù)珍品之一。天壇建于明朝，是 明清兩朝皇帝用以“祭天”(worship )的建筑。天壇現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為對(duì)外開(kāi)放的公園，深受游客和市民的喜愛(ài)。天壇是一個(gè)優(yōu)美而令人愉悅的地方，在這兒可以放松和消遣時(shí)間。公園一整天都充滿(mǎn)生機(jī)：清晨游客 可以看到行家練太極；傍晚時(shí)人們則在天壇公園里放風(fēng)箏、跳舞或者玩游戲。庭院是胡同中德一種獨(dú)特的傳統(tǒng)民居。庭院民居也被稱(chēng)作是“四合院”。由于它特別的布局，四合院被比擬成一個(gè)中心帶花園的盒子。四合院只有一個(gè)門(mén)通往外面的胡同，所以當(dāng)這扇門(mén)被關(guān)閉的時(shí)候，這所庭院 就和外面的世界失去了聯(lián)

2、系。因此，家庭成員們能完全沉浸在寧?kù)o中并享受安寧的家庭團(tuán)圓之樂(lè)。這種住 宅形式符合中國(guó)古代的家庭傳統(tǒng)及其發(fā)展方式。上海是一座朝氣蓬勃、充滿(mǎn)活力、多姿多彩的國(guó)際大都市( metropolis)。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，上海變化之大令 世人矚目。經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展，社會(huì)秩序穩(wěn)定，人民安居樂(lè)業(yè)，呈現(xiàn)出一片繁華氣象。今天，盡管上海還有著 不少色彩斑斕的過(guò)去可以留戀和回味，但城市日新月異的面貌卻使越來(lái)越多的世人折服。浦西展示了上海 的輝煌歲月，浦東展現(xiàn)了上海的美好前景。中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深，源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。早在2000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表德?tīng)柸寮覍W(xué)說(shuō)(Confucianism )和以老子和莊子為代表的道家學(xué)說(shuō)(

3、Taoism),以及其他許多也在中國(guó)思想史上有地位的學(xué)說(shuō)和學(xué)派(doctrines)。這就是有名的的諸子百家(the masters hundred schools) o從孔夫子到孫中山, 中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化有許多寶貴的思想和品質(zhì)，許多人民性和民主性的好東西。比如，強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛(ài)、強(qiáng)調(diào)群 體、強(qiáng)調(diào)天下為公。武術(shù)在我國(guó)源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的瑰寶(gem)。我們知道，一個(gè)民族的優(yōu)秀文化遺產(chǎn)，不僅僅屬于一個(gè)民族，它會(huì)逐漸傳播到世界的其它地方而成為人類(lèi)的共同財(cái)富。為了更好地推廣武術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，使其與奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目接軌，中國(guó)武協(xié)和國(guó)際舞聯(lián)(the Chinese Wushu Association and Int

4、ernational Wushu Federation )做了大量的艱苦卓絕的工作?，F(xiàn)在武術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)已被列為一種具有與保齡球(bowling )運(yùn)動(dòng)和國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)舞(in ternatio nal sta ndard dance)同等地位的奧運(yùn)表演項(xiàng)目。聞名于世的絲綢之路是一系列連接?xùn)|西方的路線(xiàn)。絲綢之路眼延伸6,000多公里，得名于古代中國(guó)的絲綢貿(mào)易。絲綢之路的貿(mào)易在中國(guó)、南亞、歐洲和中東文明發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了重要作用。正是通過(guò)絲綢之路，中國(guó)的造紙、火藥、指南針、印刷術(shù)等四大發(fā)明才被引介到世界各地。同樣，中國(guó)的絲綢、茶葉和瓷器(porcelain )也傳遍全球。物質(zhì)文化的交流是雙向的，歐洲也通過(guò)絲綢之路出

5、口各種商品和植物，滿(mǎn)足中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的需求。當(dāng)前中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展勢(shì)頭良好，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的內(nèi)在機(jī)制(the internal mechanism)不斷增強(qiáng)，基本做到了速度、質(zhì)量和效益的統(tǒng)一。但是我們也要清醒地看到，世界上沒(méi)有一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展可以長(zhǎng)盛不衰，永遠(yuǎn) 保持高速度。中國(guó)也不例外。改革開(kāi)放取得的成就是有目共睹的，但是新的矛盾和問(wèn)題也出現(xiàn)了，比如，國(guó)企(state-owned enterprises)改革問(wèn)題、貧富分化問(wèn)題( the enormous gap between rich and poor)、腐敗問(wèn) 題N融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題、生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞問(wèn)題等。這些問(wèn)題都需要我們高度重視，盡快找到有效的解決辦法。中國(guó)

6、是世界上最早開(kāi)發(fā)利用礦產(chǎn)資源的國(guó)家之一。過(guò)去50年，中國(guó)在礦產(chǎn)資源勘探開(kāi)發(fā)(the survey anddevelopme nt)方面取得了巨大成就，這為中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)、快速健康發(fā)展提供了重要保障。中國(guó)是一個(gè)人 口眾多、資源相對(duì)不足的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，主要依靠本國(guó)的礦產(chǎn)資源來(lái)保障現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)(modernization program )的需要。同時(shí)，中國(guó)還積極引進(jìn)外國(guó)資本和技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)中國(guó)礦產(chǎn)資源。中國(guó)政府高度重視可持續(xù)發(fā)展和礦產(chǎn) 資源的合理利用，把可持續(xù)發(fā)展(sustai nable developme nt)確定為國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略，把保護(hù)資源作為可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的重要內(nèi)容。翻譯專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)答案The Temple

7、 of Heaven, located on the east side of the front gate in the south city of Beijing, is a world-level artistic treasure. Built in Ming Dynasty, it was the place where emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties worshiped. It has been converted into a park that is popular both with tourists and residents

8、 alike. The Temple of Heaven is a delightful and exquisite place to spend your time. In the morning, tourists can watch the Taiji expert. The park is lively all day and into evening with kite flyers, musicians, singers, dancers and game players.The courtyard is a unique traditional civilian residenc

9、e in the Hutong. It is also calledDue to its special layout, it is compared to a box with a garden in the center. There is only one gate leading to hutong, so when the gate is closed the courtyard loses touch with the outside world. Therefore family members can fully enjoy tranquility and share the

10、happiness of a peaceful family union. The construction mode for residential houses is in keeping with China asncient family tradition and its development.Shanghai is an international metropolis full of vigor, vitality and variety. Since the reform and opening-up policy, it has attracted worldwide at

11、tention for its tremendous changes. It presents a picture of prosperity with its rapid economic development, social stability, peaceful and contended life of residents. Today, while Shanghai still has many remnants of its colorful past for people to ponder over, its ever-changing outlook has filled

12、more and more people with great admiration. Puxi displays Shanghai s glorious past and Pudong its bright future.The traditional culture of Chinese nation is extensive and profound, and it has a long history. More than 2000 years ago, there emerged in Chian Confucianism represented by Confucius and M

13、encius, and Taoism representedby Laozi and Zhuangzi as well as many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being convered by the famous term, masters hundred schools ”. From Confucius to-sSeun, Ythaet traditional culture of Chinese nation present

14、s many precious ideas and qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic. For example, they lay stress on the kindness and love, on the community, and on the world that belongs to all.With a long history in China, wushu is a gem of Chinese traditional culture. As we all know, the excellent

15、 cultural heritage of a nation doesn t belong to the nation alone but will be spread to thof the world to be shared by all humanity. The Chinese Wushu Association and Internatioanl Wushu Federation have been working very hard to popularize wushu and move it closer to the Olympic event. Now, wushu ha

16、s been accepted as an Olypic demonstration event with the same status asbowli ng and intern ati onal sta ndard dan ce.The world-famous Silk Road is a series of routes that connect the East and the West. The Silk Road extends more than 6,000 kilometers and gets its name from ancient Chin silk trade.

17、The trade on the Silk Road gas played a very important role in the development of civilizations in China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was through the Silk Road that the four great inventions of ancient China papermak ing, gun powder, compass and prin ti n has bee n in troduced to othe

18、r parts of the world. Similarly, Chinas silk, tea and porcelain had also been spread all over the world through it. The exchange of material culture is bilateral. Europe, in return, had exported various commodities and pla nts through the Silk Road, meeti ng the n eeds of Chin ese market.At present,

19、 our economy is doing really well. The internal mechanism for economic growth has been in creas in gly stre ngthe ned. We have, to some exte nt, stuck the right bala nee betwee n speed, quality and econo mic ben efit. But we must keep a clear mind that there are no coun tries in the world that can k

20、eep an economic boom with high-speed growth. China won t be an exception. The achieveme nts of the reform are obvious to all. But now there are also some new problems. Theseinclude the reform of the state-owned enterprises, the enormous gap between rich and poor, corruption, risks in financial secto

21、r and ecological and environmental damage. We need to pay high atte nti on yo the problem men ti oned above and find effective soluti ons in the shortest time.China is one of the first countries in the world to develop and utilize mineral resources. Over the past five decades, China has made great a

22、chievements in the survey and development of its mineral resources. This has provided an importa nt guara ntee for the susta in ed, rapid and sound developme nt of Chinese economy. China is a developing country with a large population and a relative shortage of resources. It mainly depends on the exploitation of its own mineral resources to meet the needs of its modernization program. Meanwhile, it has made ener