人教版七年級英語下冊Unit5全單元教案

1、Unit 5 do you like pandas?教學(xué)目話題：動物園動物Animal a zoo)功能： 能描述各種常見動物Describe animals)Pandas are kind of interesting.Lions are scary.The dog is really cute.The cat kind of boring.2. 能表達(dá)自己對動物的喜好(Express preferences)A: Why do you like tigers? B: Because re really cool.語法： 能正確使用 why, what 和 where 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句進(jìn)行回

2、答(wh- questions and answers)A: Why do you like pandas? B: Because re kind of interesting. A: Where are lions from? B: Theyre South Africa.A: Why dont you like tigers? B: Because theyre scary.2. 能正確使用表示性質(zhì)和品質(zhì)的形容詞(Adjectives quality)Your dog is really cute.He is very smart.Shes kind of boring.詞匯和用表達(dá)：1.

3、 能正確使用以下詞匯：panda, zoo, tiger, elephant, lion, giraffe, animal, Australia, south, Africa, pet, leg, cat, flag, place, water, danger, tree, sleep, save, forget, cut, kill, cute, lazy, smart, beautiful, friendly, shy, down, over2. 能正確使用以下常用表達(dá)：kind of, South Africa, get lost, one of, be in (great) dange

4、r, cut down, (be) made of3. 能認(rèn)讀下列詞匯：koala, scary, symbol, Thailand, 語音： 掌握以下音素的發(fā)音：/z/，/Iz/，/ts/dz/2. 能劃分句子的意群，并在朗讀和表達(dá)時適當(dāng)掌握停頓學(xué)習(xí)策：1. 能借助上下文語境猜出部分詞匯的含義12. 能根據(jù)詞匯的含義、性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)等分類記憶單元詞匯3. 能根據(jù)閱讀語篇內(nèi)容構(gòu)建思維導(dǎo)圖4. 能通過各種方式搜集有關(guān)動物的信息和資料文化知：了解世界各地的典型動物Section A 1 (1a-2d)一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1. 1) 能掌握以下單詞：tiger, elephant, lion, koala,

5、giraffe, cute, lazy, smart,beautiful, scary, kind, kind of, Australia, south, Africa, South Africa, pet, leg, cat, sleep2) 能掌握以下句型： What animals do you/does does he like? Lets see the Why do you/does she/ does he want see ? Because they are 2. To observe and describe animals. To talk about their pre

6、ferences To know the implied meaning of some animals3. 動物和人類都生活在同一地球上，動物是我們的朋友。我們?nèi)祟悜?yīng)該與動物和 諧相處，共同生存。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會關(guān)愛動物，保護(hù)動物。二、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)1. 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：學(xué)會描述動物的性格及特點(diǎn)。2. 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：表達(dá)喜歡某類動物及說明喜歡的原因。三、教學(xué)過程Teaching objectives1. To learn to describe animals:Pandas are kind interesting.Lions are scary.The dog is really cute.22. To l

7、earn to express preferences:What animals do you like?I like koalas.Why do you like koalas?Because theyre very cute. Warming upTo create an English environment, the teacher shows the class some pictures of a zoo. And ask some questions about animals:What is your favourite animal? Do you like pandas?T

8、hen have them to recall the animals they had learned and write them on blackboard.(e.g. animalssheep, monkey, cat, dog, mouse, cow, ) Presentation1. Ask them to talk with their partners about the animals they like using the words they know.What animals do you like?Why do you likeBecause theyre2. The

9、n show the class some pictures of animals and present other animals. And ask them:Whats this in English?Its a tiger. (Then panda, elephant, koala, giraffe)Ss look at the picture and try to remember new words of the animals.3. Next, turn to page 25 finish 1a.4. Check the answers with the class. Liste

10、ningWork on 1b.Tell Ss to listen to the tape and check the animals they hear in 1a.Play the recording again and fill in the blanks.1. Pandas are my favorite animals because theyre _.2. Giraffes are _.33. Koalas are _.Work in pairs and learn the description words. Pair workWatch the video and work in

11、 pairs.What kind of animal do like very much? Why?What kind of animal do like a little? Why? Work on 1c.1. Ask the students to imagine “We are in the zoo, there are many kinds of animals here.”Then ask a student to the model with you: Lets see the lions first.Why? (why do you /does /does he like lio

12、ns?)Because they are interesting.2. Ss practice the conversation using the animal in 1a. Listening1. Work on 2a;Listen to the conversation carefully. Then write the animals you hear.Play the recording the first time. Students only listen.Play the recording a second time. This time students write the

13、 animals.Check the answers.Explain adjectives and countries listed on the right.Play the recording a third time. This time draw a line from the animals to description words and the countries they are from.Check the answers.2. Work on 2bListen again and complete the conversation the words in 2a.Play

14、the recording for the Ss to listen and the answers.Check the answers with the class. Pair work1. Ask two students to read the conversation in to the class.2. Ss practice the conversation pairs.4 Role-play1. Ask Ss to look at the picture in 2d. Then Ss read the conversation 2d and find the answers to

15、 the questions: Does Peter have a pet? What can Dingding do? What pet does Jennys mom have? Does Jenny like the cat? Why?Check the answers:Yes, he does.He can walk on two legs. He can dance, She has a cat.No, she doesnt. Because its very lazy.2. Ss work in pairs and practice the conversation.3. Let

16、some pairs role-play the conversation.IX. Language points1. He can walk on two legs.walk on 表示用某種方式行走”。e.g. walk on ones hands 表示用手倒立行走”The children to walk around the house on their hands and 孩子們喜歡手腳并用在房子里爬來爬去。2. Well, because shes kind of boring.kind of 有點(diǎn)兒；稍微e.g. They kind scary. 他們有點(diǎn)可怕。The panda

17、s kind of cute. 熊貓有點(diǎn)可愛?！就卣埂縦ind 作名詞意為“種類”a kind of 一種 all of .各種各樣的e.g. My grandpa has all kinds of stamps. 我爺爺有各種各樣的郵票。3. Where are they from?be from +國家或城市等地點(diǎn)名詞，來自”, 相當(dāng)于 come from。e.g. They are from New York. =They come from York.5【運(yùn)用】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。Tom is Australia.Tom _ Australia.4. She sleeps all day,sl

18、eep 作動詞，意為睡覺，強(qiáng)調(diào)睡眠的持續(xù)狀態(tài)。 作名詞，常見短語 to sleep 為入睡”?！炬溄印縢o to bed 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是上床睡覺這一動作?！具\(yùn)用】完成句子(1) 一天可以睡八個小時。I _ _ for 8 hours a day.(2) 通常晚上九點(diǎn)半上床睡覺，十點(diǎn)入睡。I usually _ _ at 9:30 p.m. and I _ _ _ at 10:00 p.m. SummaryPhrases:welcome the zoo kind of South Africa all day be fromwalk on two legsSentences:Why do you li

19、ke pandas?Because theyre kind of interesting.Why does John like koalas?Because theyre very cute.Why dont you like tigers?Because theyre really scary. ExercisesI 根據(jù)語境及所給字母提，補(bǔ)全所缺詞。1. The music sounds very b . I it.2. Does Tom like Yes. He dogs horses.3. Tim is a lboy. He doesnt often do his homework.6

20、4. s go to the z to Sounds 5. Cindy a sgirl. She good at all her subjects.II 據(jù)句意括號內(nèi)給單詞的提填空。1. Every Jimmy ten hours.2. In you many _(pet).3. A four 4. has _(cat) at 5. Daming _(kind) of III 根據(jù)語及所給漢語示，寫所缺短語。1. your sister at home?Yes. She doesnt go to school. Shes at home _( 天) 2. I think Betty likes

21、 playing _(非常) .3. Is Kate an No. She _(自) the USA.4. Alice room is nice.Yeah! But its _( 有點(diǎn)兒) small.5. Where does Mr. work?He works in _(南非).I. 1. beautiful 2. animals 3. lazy 4. zoo smartII. 1. legs 4. cats III. all day 2. lot / very much 3. from / comes from of Homework1. Learn new words by heart

22、 and write about your favorite animals. 2. Preview Grammar on page 27.Section A 2 (Grammar focus-3c)一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1. 1) 繼續(xù)練習(xí)如何描述動物及表述自己對動物的喜好。能掌握以下句型：75. AfricaWhy do you like ?Because2) 繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)談?wù)搫游飦碜阅睦铮莆找韵戮湫停篧here are lions from?Theyre from South 二、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)1. 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：1) 總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)描述動物的句型。2) 總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)表述喜好及動物來自哪里的句型。2. 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：1

23、) 運(yùn)用所學(xué)的目標(biāo)語言描述相關(guān)動物表達(dá)自己的喜好； 2) 根據(jù)對動物的相關(guān)描述能猜出是什么動物。三、教學(xué)過程Teaching objectives1. To learn to use Why, Where questionsWhy do you like pandas?Why dont you like tigers?Where are lions from?2. To learn to use because to make sentencesBecause theyre very cute. Grammar Focus1.學(xué)生閱讀 Grammar Focus 中的句子，然后做填空練習(xí)。 你

24、為什么喜歡熊貓？ 因?yàn)樗鼈冇腥?。_ 約翰為什么喜歡考拉？_ 因?yàn)樗鼈兒芸蓯?。_ 為什么你不喜歡老虎？_ 因?yàn)樗鼈冋娴煤車樔?。_ 獅子來自哪里？ _ 他們來自南非。_2. Ss finish off the sentences and check the answers by themselves.83. Give Ss eight more minutes remember them. Grammarwhy 引導(dǎo)的特疑問句 why 是疑問副詞，常用來詢問具體的、直接的原因，意為為什么”Why do you like dogs? why 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：“Why + 一般疑問句(肯

25、定 / 否定一般疑問句?” ，其答語一般用 引導(dǎo)的 句子來回答。Why are you for class? bus is late. 引導(dǎo)的殊疑問 where 疑問副詞，用于詢問地點(diǎn)，意為哪里；什么地方”Where are Where is she 回答：用 be from 回答，意為來自于”They are from Africa. from China. . Practice1. Look at 3a. Tell Ss fill in the blanks with the words from the box. Then practice the conversation.2. 閱讀指

26、導(dǎo)： 首先，應(yīng)通讀對話的全文，理解大意。可知雙方是在談?wù)撘恍﹦?物來自哪里；以及雙方所喜歡的動物及原因。其次，應(yīng)重點(diǎn)閱讀每個問答句的意 思，根據(jù)問句來確定答語中空格的意思或根據(jù)答語來確定問句中的意思。再次， 還要分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)看空格處在句子中是什么成份。比如：第一句是一個問句且 lions 是句子的主語，再看介詞 from，可知空格處應(yīng)填 where 來對地點(diǎn)提問。 3. 學(xué)生們根據(jù)上述閱讀指導(dǎo)方法，自己認(rèn)真閱讀對話，并將對話內(nèi)容補(bǔ)全完整。 4. Check the answers. Practice1. Work on 3b. Tell Ss write the names of in th

27、e blanks to make that are for you. I like cats because they are interesting.9I like dogs they are smart.I dont like lions because they are scary.2. Ss work in groups. Discuss and write their sentences.3. Let some report their likes and dislikes. Game (Guessing Game)1. Teacher describes one animal. S

28、s listen carefully and think about what animal it is.2. Students describe one animal to their group members. Let them guess what animal is.3. Ss work in groups. Describe animals and guess animals. SummaryA: Why do you like pandas?B: Because re kind of interesting.A: Why does like koalas?B: Because r

29、e very cute.A: Why dont you like tigers?B: Because re really scary.A: Where are lions from?B: Theyre South Africa. ExercisesI. 根據(jù)括號的要求完成列各題每空一詞 (含縮略式 )。1. family has a (改為一疑問句)_ _ _ a 2. I koalas. (改為否定句)I _ _ koalas.3. Betty is from London, UK. (對劃線部分提問)_ _ Betty from?4. his cousins because theyre

30、cute. ( 劃線部分提問)_ _ _ his cousins?5. Ted math (改為同義句)Ted math II. 根短文內(nèi)容，方框中擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯翁羁铡?0 scary, where, cute, Some of my classmates often ask me, “Hey, Bill! What do you usually do on Saturday? you usually at home? (1)_ do you go to play? Herere my answers.On Saturday Im usually at home. Im usually my do

31、gs. My family has two One is Millie. She very (2)_. Sure, I like being with The is Dave. He looks (3)_ I do do I like scary dog? he help me lots of things. He me look after my home. And he .I. Does your; have2. dont like3. 4. Why like a lotII. Why 5. Because Homework1. Remember the sentences the Gra

32、mmar Focus.2. Use the words below to make sentences.Animals: tiger, lion, giraffe, elephant, panda, etc.Description words: smart, scary, beautiful, cute, lazy, big, etc.Section B (1a-1d)一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1. 1) 能掌握以下單詞：friendly, shy2) 能掌握以下句型：What animals do you like?I like elephants.3) 通過聽力訓(xùn)練來提高學(xué)生們綜合聽說能力。2. 動物

33、和人類都生活在同一地球上，動物是我們的朋友。我們?nèi)祟悜?yīng)該與動物和 諧相處，共同生存。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會關(guān)愛動物，保護(hù)動物。二、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)1. 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：讓學(xué)生們進(jìn)行聽、說的訓(xùn)練來掌握更多動物的名稱及描述特性的形容詞。 2. 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)進(jìn)行聽力訓(xùn)練，提高學(xué)生們聽對話獲取相關(guān)信息的能力。11三、教學(xué)過程Teaching objectives1. To review What, questions:What animals do you like?Why do you want to see them?2. To review way of expressing preferences:I like dog

34、s they are friendly and cute.3. To use adjectives to describe animals: smart, cute, lazy, fun, interesting, boring, beautiful.I. Presentation1. Show some pictures on the big screen let Ss describe animals.2. Let Ss read aloud the words and expressions.II. Learning1. Pay attention to the animals 1a a

35、nd ask a student to the name of each animal.2. Point out the list of eight numbered adjectives below. Ask Ss match the adjectives with the animals the picture.3. Ask Ss to work in pairs to describe their favorite animals.III. ListeningWork on 1b:1. Play the recording of a conversation between Tony a

36、nd Maria. Circle the adjectives you hear in la.2. Ss listen and to circle the adjectives in 1a.3. Play the recording again for the Ss to check answers.Work on 1c:1. Call attention to the three headings: Animal, Marias Words and Words.2. Play the recording again. This time please write the name of th

37、e animals each person talks about and words they say.3. Play the first four lines of recording and stop the tape. Ask, what animal are they talking about? What words does Mary use to describe the elephant?4. Play the whole recording and have students write the words they hear on the chart. 5. Check

38、the answers.126. Listen to the text again and the questions.1) Does Mary like elephants? Why?2) Does Tony like pandas? Why? Pair workWork on 1d1. Ask two students to read it to the class.2. Ss work in pairs to make their own conversations.3. Ask some pairs to present their conversations to the class

39、. Language points theyre friendly and smart.friendly 形容詞，由名詞 friend 加后綴-ly 構(gòu)成，意為“友好的。 be friendly to . 對 友好【運(yùn)用】1) 男孩對老人很友好。_2) 這個女孩既漂亮又友好。_3) 我的新同學(xué)對我很友好。_ SummaryWhat animals do you like?I like elephants.Why?Because they are cute. Exercises 根據(jù)句意所給首母提，補(bǔ)全中所缺單詞1. Jenny a sgirl. She afraid to speak to h

40、er classmates teachers.2. is f to her students so like 3. has two balls. is s . 根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容和號中的語提示完成子。A: Good afternoon. I you?13B: Yes, I want to a Can give me advice 建議)?A: 你想要什么樣的物)B: love dogs, so I think Ill get a dog.A: (2)_(你為什么喜歡狗B: I like the the film Hachi.A: You to think 有大量的時間養(yǎng)狗嗎) You need to

41、 take it for walks you need to with it.B: Oh, Im busy every day. I have much homework I have job. (4)_(那貓?jiān)趺礃?that OK for have a cat?A: are (獨(dú)立的), and they dont need too much attention ( 注). B: I see. Oh! (5)_(這只貓是什么品種 breed) Its so cute.A: Its a British cat. Do like it?B: Yes, I think Ill take it. 1

42、. shy 2. friendly 3. small. 1. What kind of animal do you want to get?2. Why do like dogs?3. Do you have much time for a 4. Do you have much time for a 5. What is this cat? Homework1. What animals do your parents like? Write a conversation.2. Preview the new words and expressions.3. Preview the webs

43、ite article in 2b.Section B (2a-Self check)一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1. 1) 能掌握以下單詞：save, symbol, flag, forget, place, water, danger, down,cut down, tree, kill, ivory, over142) 能掌握以下句型： The elephants is one of Thailands symbols. Lets Save the Elephants.3) 通過閱讀訓(xùn)練來讓學(xué)生們逐步提高英語閱讀能力。2. 動物和人類都生活在同一地球上，動物是我們的朋友。我們?nèi)祟悜?yīng)該與動物和 諧相處，

44、共同生存。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會關(guān)愛動物，保護(hù)動物。二、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)1. 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：通過閱讀短文來了解世界各地一些其他動物的情況，讓學(xué)生們眼界更寬闊。 2. 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)進(jìn)行閱讀訓(xùn)練，來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生們的綜合閱讀能力。三、教學(xué)過程Teaching objectives1. To learn something about of the endangered(瀕臨滅絕的 animals: elephants. 2. To review description animals using adjectives of quality.3. To be able to talk about favorite animals

45、.4. To know the importance of protecting animals in great danger. Presentation1. Show some picture on the big screen. Present some main words and expressions in the passage in 2b.2. Ss read the new words and expression. Warming upWatch the video and think about the question:Why the elephants are so

46、important to Thinking1. Look at the chart in 2a. What animals you think are in great danger? Discuss with your group members and check the animals.3. Let some read their answers. Reading1. Fast reading. Check () the best title for it.What Is an Elephant?15Come to ThailandLets Save the ElephantsEleph

47、ants Good Pets2. Read the article and find the main of each paragraph.3. Careful reading What does “them” in the sentence “This helps them to live.” in paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)?Elephants. How can we save elephants?We must save the trees and buy things made of ivory.4. Tell the students to look at

48、map in 2c. There four boxes around the wordElephant. first box is about the importance of the elephants Thailand. second box is the abilities of the elephants. The third box is about the facts andfigures of the elephants. The last box about how to save the elephants. Lets read the passage again and

49、fill in the blanks.(1) 閱讀指導(dǎo)：1) 認(rèn)真看一遍這四個表格，明確每個表格是關(guān)于大象的那個方面的情況。2）然后，再讀短文一遍，找到相關(guān)的內(nèi)容的依據(jù)。仔細(xì)讀相關(guān)內(nèi)容，分析空格 處應(yīng)當(dāng)填寫的單詞。比如：第一個方框中講大象在泰國的重要性，通過讀短 文可知依據(jù)應(yīng)是短文的第一段。由最后兩句話“我們的第一國旗上面有一只白 色的大象，這是好運(yùn)的象征。”可知第一個空格處應(yīng)填寫 a white elephant on it第二個空格處應(yīng)填 good luck。其他與此類似。3）最后，再讀自己所填寫的空格及依據(jù)，看是否有錯誤。(2) Ss read the article and fill

50、in the blanks the map.(3) Check the answers. Language points1. Our first flag had white elephant on it. 我們的第一面國旗上就（繪）有一頭白 象。had 為動詞 have 過去式形式，表示“曾經(jīng)有過去有”。意味著“在泰國國旗 上已不再有白象了”。2. Elephants can walk for a long time and never get lost.16大象能夠長時間行走而且從不迷路。1) lost 作為形容詞，表示“走失的；迷路的；失散的”、“丟失的；遺失的， 常與系動詞 get b

51、e 一同構(gòu)成短語，表示丟失；走失；迷路”。 e.g. What bad luck! My keys are lost again. 真是倒霉！我的鑰匙又丟了。The little girl couldnt find her home. She got lost.小女孩找不到家了，她迷路了。2) lost 還經(jīng)常直接用于名詞之前，做定語修飾名詞。e.g. a lost child 走丟了的孩子the lost tourists 迷路的游客們a lost watch 被人遺失的手表3. People says that elephant never forgets人們說“大象從來不會忘記。forg

52、et 忘記；遺忘其后可接名詞短語) 、代詞、動詞-ing 形式或動詞不定式。forget doing 忘記做過某事forget to do sth.忘記要做某事反義詞 4. But elephants are in great danger. 但是大象面臨巨大的危險。be in (great) danger 處于（極大）危險之中e.g. The boy falls into the lake. Hes in great danger.小男孩落入湖中，他處于極大危險中。英語中，常用形容詞 big 或 great 與 danger 搭配，表示巨大的危險” 。 (be) out of danger

53、脫離危險e.g. The doctors hes now out of danger. 大夫們說現(xiàn)在他脫離了危險。5. People cut down many trees so elephants are losing their homes.人們砍伐了很多樹木導(dǎo)致大象失去了家園。so 和 because 都是連詞，可用來連接兩個表示因果關(guān)系的句子，但 so 引導(dǎo)的分 句表示結(jié)果，而 because 引導(dǎo)的分句表示原因。英語中，because so 不可出現(xiàn)在同一個句子中，但它們引導(dǎo)的句子可互相轉(zhuǎn) 換。e.g. My mother is ill, so I cant go to the pa

54、rk with you.17= I cant go to the park with you, because my mother is ill.6. Today there are only about elephants 100,000 before). 如今，僅剩下 3000 頭大象（之前超過 10 萬之前over （數(shù)量）超過；在之上e.g. Over one hundred people are in the library. 有超過一百人在圖書館里。 Theres a small bridge the river. 在河上面有一座小橋。3000 可使用 thousand 一詞，讀作

55、 three thousand英語中沒有單獨(dú)的詞匯表達(dá)“萬的概念，必須通過thousand轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)。如： 100,000 則只能使用 thousand, 讀作：one hundred thousand。7. We must save the trees and buy things made of ivory.“(be) made of +原材料表示“由制成從制成品中仍能看出原材料)。e.g. The table made of wood. 這張桌子是由木頭制成的?！就卣埂俊?be) made from 原材料表示“由 制成(從制成品中看不出原材 料)”。e.g. Paper made fro

56、m wood. 紙是由木頭制成的。 Practice1. Becky Jills favorite animal. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box. (3a)2. 閱讀指導(dǎo)：首先，通讀小短文，看短文中描述或介紹了 Becky 的那些方面；其 次，讀方框中的選項(xiàng)，明白每個單詞的意思。然后，認(rèn)真讀短文，分析每個空 格所在句子的意思，確定每個空格的意思，然后補(bǔ)全空格。最后，通讀一遍短 文，看短文是否通順，確定所填空的單詞是否正確。3. Ss read and in the blanks.4. Check the answers.5. Expl

57、ain t she beautiful? Isnt she beautiful? 難道她不漂亮嗎？否定疑問句，用來表示反問、責(zé)備或說話人的看法和驚異的情緒等。句式結(jié)構(gòu)：be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞的否定式+主語+其它？e.g. 難道他不會洗餐具嗎？Cant he do the dishes? Writing1. Do you like pandas? look at a picture of Beibei. you like her? you write18a short article introduce You can use the words and expressions below. (five years old, China, cute, Beijing Zoo)2. 寫作指導(dǎo)：1. 這是一篇介紹動物的短文，主要用系表結(jié)構(gòu)的句子和一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)來表達(dá)。 2. 介紹名字及年齡和它來自哪里。3. 用系表結(jié)構(gòu)的句子描寫 Beibei 征。 寫明喜歡它的原因： I like because shes 4. 最后，寫明它現(xiàn)在居住在哪里，通讀短文，檢查句子。3. Ss try to write a short article about Beibei.4.