翻譯的技巧 2課件

1、翻譯的技巧 2增詞法、省略法什么是增詞？為什么要增詞？There are two perfectly good men: one dead had the other unborn. 怎樣翻譯？ 一個(gè)是死人一個(gè)未出生？增加那些在語(yǔ)法上或修辭上必不可少的詞語(yǔ),也就是增加原文字面雖未出現(xiàn)但卻為其實(shí)際內(nèi)容所包含的詞語(yǔ)。（世界上）（只有）兩個(gè)完美無(wú)缺的人：一個(gè)（已經(jīng)）死了，另外一個(gè)（還）沒有出生。體驗(yàn)增詞法：Millions of homeowners are remodeling to protect their investment by upgrading kitchen countertops

2、 to granite.不恰當(dāng)?shù)奶幚恚簲?shù)百萬(wàn)房主通過把廚房工作臺(tái)改建成花崗巖來(lái)保護(hù)他們的投資。需要將表達(dá)顯性化： 原文有3層信息：1.房主改建 2. 為了保護(hù)投資 3.廚房臺(tái)面升級(jí)成花崗巖改譯（注意增加的詞語(yǔ)）：為了保護(hù)他們?cè)谧》可系耐顿Y，數(shù)百萬(wàn)的房主在裝修房子，把廚房的工作臺(tái)換成花崗巖臺(tái)面的。體驗(yàn)銜接性增詞：Wall Street quickly sought out merger partners, creating behemoths like Citigroup and JPMorgan Chase.不合適的譯文：華爾街很快尋找兼并伙伴，創(chuàng)造了花旗集團(tuán)，摩根大通等巨頭。要把原文意思說清

3、楚：華爾街上的各式機(jī)構(gòu)很快找到了兼并伙伴，并由此產(chǎn)生出花旗集團(tuán)，摩根大通等巨頭。為了意義上需要加詞：The most important document in international trade is the bill of lading, which proves ownership.國(guó)際貿(mào)易中最重要的（單據(jù)）是提單，它能證明（單據(jù)所有人對(duì)商品的）所有權(quán)。文學(xué)性的例子：These alterations of mood were the despair and joy of Ethan.不太美好的譯文：這些情緒變化是伊坦的絕望和喜悅。 莫名其妙？她的這種情緒變化，叫伊坦時(shí)而絕望，時(shí)而高

4、興。她這種一會(huì)兒一個(gè)情調(diào)，叫伊坦時(shí)而灰心，時(shí)而高興。漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞沒有時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，需加詞It seems that successful scientist is full of curiosity.需要增詞表達(dá)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)成功的科學(xué)家似乎總是充滿好奇心。Then the whole course of my life might have been different. 需要增詞表達(dá)虛擬語(yǔ)氣要是真是那樣的話，我的生命路程也許是另一番景象。排比句型需加詞補(bǔ)充：We dont retreat, we never have and never will.我們不后退，我們從來(lái)沒有后退過，將來(lái)也絕不后退。增補(bǔ)

5、原文中省略的詞語(yǔ)英漢語(yǔ)法差異造成：She majors in Psychology and her brother in Sociology. 她主修心理學(xué)，她弟弟主修社會(huì)學(xué)。Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. 從別人的失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)比從自己的失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)更好。練習(xí)： 注意時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)Over the last several years, China has been seeking to resume its contracting party status.近幾年來(lái)，中國(guó)一直在爭(zhēng)取恢復(fù)其締約國(guó)的地位。Af

6、ter watching for years, he discovered important phenomena.觀察了數(shù)年之久，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多重要現(xiàn)象。Had we know it in time, we would have prevented the accident.要是我們及時(shí)知道那事，事故本來(lái)是可以防止的。減詞法（省略法）The agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B. （問題） 為了表達(dá)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，那些詞是多余的？ 省略法：指原文中有些詞在譯文中不譯出來(lái)，因?yàn)樽g文中雖無(wú)其詞而已有其意，或

7、者在譯文中是不言而喻的。此協(xié)議由A, B雙方當(dāng)事人訂立。The agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B. 重復(fù)表達(dá)原則：減詞不減意 The address is the part of the letter that shows the complete name and address of the receiver of the letter being sent.地址是信件中表明被寄信件的接受者的完整的姓名和地址的那一部分?！暗刂贰笔切藕囊徊糠?，指收信人的姓名和地址。略去重復(fù)表達(dá)(注意劃

8、線部分)Optoelectronics uses photons, or the particles of light, and electrons to carry data. 光電子利用光子和電子傳輸信息。 The report stressed the diverse forms that such programs should take to bring education within the reach of all and to extend it to all. 這份報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)該類教育項(xiàng)目的形式應(yīng)該多樣化，以便所有的人都能享受到。綜合使用加詞法和減詞法 A number of

9、students asked for comments on the proposals to expel some wrong-doers told reporters they were sensible enough to understand there should be necessary disciplines.句子信息主干：Students told reporters there should be necessary disciplines.綜合使用A number of students asked for comments on the proposals to expel some wrong-doers told reporters they were sensible enough to understand there shoul