怎樣寫英語(yǔ)文章的簡(jiǎn)短概括-summary-

1、怎樣寫英語(yǔ)文章的簡(jiǎn)短概括-summary-怎樣寫英語(yǔ)文章的簡(jiǎn)短概括-summary-What is a Summary? A summary is a shortened version, in your own words, of something you have read .It reproduces the theme of the original with as few words as possible. 一個(gè)總結(jié)是用你自己的話概括壓縮你讀的東西。是對(duì)一篇文章的主題思想的簡(jiǎn)單陳述。What is a Summary? A summary iA summary does not

2、include your own opinions about what you read.All one has to do is to give a brief account of the authors exact meaning. 一個(gè)總結(jié)不包括你自己對(duì)你所讀的東西的看法。它用最簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言概括了原文的主題。A summary does not include youFeatures of a summaryBrevity 簡(jiǎn)潔Objectivity 客觀Completeness 全面Features of a summaryBrevity Procedures of summary

3、writing ReadingWritingRevision Procedures of summary writing 認(rèn)真閱讀給定的原文材料，一遍不能理解就多讀兩遍，使理解更深刻；找出每一個(gè)主要段落的主題句。主題句往往出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭或結(jié)尾；遵循原文的邏輯順序，簡(jiǎn)要地記下主要觀點(diǎn)主題、標(biāo)題、例證等你認(rèn)為對(duì)概括縮寫重要的東西；盡可能用自己的話來寫,但不排斥用原文的某些詞句；認(rèn)真閱讀給定的原文材料，一遍不能理解就多讀兩遍，使理解更深刻摘要必須全面、清晰地表明原文所載的信息,以便你的讀者不需翻閱原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意；草稿擬好以后,對(duì)它進(jìn)行修改。首先, 看摘要中的重要觀點(diǎn)有沒有遺漏，是否與

4、原文中的完全一致.其次,如果摘要中出現(xiàn)了不必要的細(xì)節(jié), 刪除它們，看是否符合規(guī)定的詞數(shù)要求。第三,檢查拼寫、語(yǔ)法和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的錯(cuò)誤，最后,保持語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)單明了。摘要必須全面、清晰地表明原文所載的信息,以便你的讀者不需翻閱 Example ： As far back as I can remember, the large pickle jar sat on the floor beside the dresser in my parents bedroom. When Dad got ready for bed, he would 1) _ and toss his coins into the j

5、ar. When the jar was full, the coins were 2) _ in a small cardboard box and taken to the bank. The money were for 3) _. The years passed, and I finished college and took a job in another town. empty his pocketsstacked neatlymy college fund Example ： As far back asOnce, while visiting my parents, I f

6、ound the pickle jar was gone. 4) _ in my throat, because the pickle jar had taught me the values of 5) _. The first Christmas after my daughter Jessica was born, I returned with my family. 6) _, on the floor beside the dresser stood the old pickle jar again. I realized my father was saving for 7) _.

7、 The jar shows 8) _ of family values for a new generation. determination, perseverance and faithA lump rose To my amazementmy daughters educationa continuityOnce, while visiting my parentWriting skills縮寫時(shí)可以采用下列幾種小技巧： 1.刪除細(xì)節(jié)，只保留主要觀點(diǎn)。2.選擇一至兩個(gè)例子。原文中可能包括5個(gè)或更多的例子，你只需從中篩選一至二個(gè)例子。3.把長(zhǎng)段的描述變成短小、簡(jiǎn)單的句子。如果材料中描述某

8、人或某事用了十個(gè)句子，那么你只要把它們變成一兩句即可。 Writing skills縮寫時(shí)可以采用下列幾種小技巧： Writing skills4.壓縮長(zhǎng)的句子。例如： “His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.” 可以概括為：”He was brave in battle.” “He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.” 可以概括為：“He has Money problems.” Writing skills

9、4.壓縮長(zhǎng)的句子。Writing skills5.你可以使用詞組代替整句或者從句。請(qǐng)看下面的例子： “Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within r

10、each of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.” 可以概括為：Mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by a few people, but today by many, due to better wages, paid holidays, and better services.” Writing skillsWriting skills6.使用概括性的名詞代替具體的詞，比如： “She brought home several Chinese and English no

11、vels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vacation.” 可以概括為：”She brought home a lot of books to read in vacation.” Writing skills6.使用概括性的名詞代替具體的詞Writing skills“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Tim

12、e and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vacation.” 可以概括為：”She brought home a lot of books to read in vacation.” Writing skills“She brought homWriting skills7.使用最短的連接詞。 比如，可以使用but, then, thus, yet, though，不能使用at the same time, in the first place, on the o

13、ther hand等較長(zhǎng)的連接詞。8.文章中的第一人稱說的話通常在縮寫中轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱，從而把大段的對(duì)白簡(jiǎn)化，比如： A Diary of a FresherWriting skills7.使用最短的連接詞。 The writer describes the first few days of university life in the diary with a casual, informal style full of humor and exaggeration. As a fresher, the writer has many problems: feeling lonely an

14、d lost, not having a good appetite for the food in the dining hall, feeling not as intelligent and knowledgeable as others; not knowing how to take notes and how to wash clothes. Besides, her dormitory looks very small. The tutor seems unfriendly and uncaring. The library rules are too strict. Example ： The writer describes the The writer tries to solve the problems: joining many clubs and societies to make more friends, talking to Mum on the phone to get some comfor