2020-2021學(xué)年度高考總復(fù)習(xí)英語專題精品測試卷-專題四-定語從句-學(xué)生版(含答案)

1、2020-2021學(xué)年度高考總復(fù)習(xí)英語專題精品測試卷 專題四 定語從句命題趨勢定語從句是高中英語三大類從句中最難的一類，其難點主要在于很多學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)時分不清先行詞，不能正確使用關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞。因此在學(xué)習(xí)定語從句時，務(wù)必搞清定語從句的概念、關(guān)系詞的正確選擇和使用情況等。2021年高考定語從句的考查還將是對關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的考查，并且仍將不會僅單純考查其語法結(jié)構(gòu)，而是將其融入一定的語境中來考查考生的實際綜合運用能力。對于定語從句考綱要求掌握以下內(nèi)容：1.引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞；2.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞；3.限制性與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別；4.介詞+關(guān)系代詞的用法；5.不定代詞/數(shù)

2、詞+of which/whom引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句及其該結(jié)構(gòu)與并列句的判斷；6.關(guān)系詞之間的異同現(xiàn)象及選用。 一、關(guān)系代詞一覽表關(guān)系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關(guān)系代詞who人主語Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom，which和that在從句中做賓語時，常可以省略，但介詞提前時后面關(guān)系代詞不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人賓語Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working.The boy(whom) she loved died in the war.whose人/物定

3、語I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate.that人/物主語賓語A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star(that) I want to see very much.which物主語賓語The book(which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible

4、.as人/物主語賓語He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.as做賓語一般不省略關(guān)系副詞when時間時間狀語I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on whichwhere地點地點狀語This is the house where I was born.可用in whichwhy原因原因狀語I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可

5、用for which【典型例題1】This factory _ produced paper was closed yesterday because it had caused too much pollution.A. whichB. whereC. itD. what【答案】A【解析】考查定語從句。句意：這家造紙廠昨天關(guān)閉了，因為它造成了太多的污染。此處factory是先行詞，指物，在后面的定語從句作主語，所以這里用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句，故選A?！镜湫屠}2】He was admitted to Harvard University, _ was just what his

6、parents expected.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. where【答案】B【解析】考查非限定性定語從句。句意：他被哈佛大學(xué)錄取了，這正是他的父母所期望的。此處為非限定性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容，在從句中作主語，故B項正確?！镜湫屠}3】Shaw is the only one of the employees here _ want to accept my advice.A. that; dontB. who; dontC. who; doesntD. which; does【答案】C【解析】考查定語從句連接詞和主謂一致。句意：肖是這里唯一一個不愿接受

7、我建議的員工。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞“the only one”，且先行詞在從句中作主語，指人，故關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who/that。且主語為單數(shù)，故從句謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故選C。 二、that與which，who，whom的用法區(qū)別1. that和which的用法區(qū)別在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞which和that都可指物，一般情況下，可以互換使用。但在下列情況下值得注意：（1）只能用that而不能用which的情形：當(dāng)先行詞為：all，little，few，much，none及some-，any-，no-，every-與thing所組成的復(fù)合單詞時，只能用that。如：There is noth

8、ing that will stop us making progress.當(dāng)先行詞前面有only，some，any，no，every，little，few，much，all，very等形容詞修飾時，只能用that。如：This is the only problem that we cant work out.當(dāng)先行詞由形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時，只能用that。如：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.當(dāng)先行詞同時包括人和物時，只能用that。如：Lu Xun and his works that we are f

9、amiliar with are considered great. 當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作表語時，只能用that。如：This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 當(dāng)主句是以which開頭的特殊疑問句時，只能用that。如：Which is the picture that you drew yesterday?（2）只能用which而不能用that的情形：當(dāng)非限制性定語從句中的先行詞指物時，只能用which。如：The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missin

10、g.關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時，只能用which。如：The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down.先行詞為代詞that或that所修飾時，只能用which。如：I dont take that which is too expensive. 2. who(whom)和that的用法區(qū)別詳解在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞who(whom)和that都可指人和物，在一般情況下，可以互換使用，但在下列情況下值得注意：（1）用who(whom)而不用that的情形在非限制性定語從句中的先行詞指人時，只能用who(whom)。如：My s

11、ister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas.當(dāng)定語從句對指人的先行詞進(jìn)行隔位修飾時，只能用who(whom)。如：Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 當(dāng)先行詞為people和those時，只能用who(whom)。如：Those who want to go there come here please. 當(dāng)先行詞為one，ones，anyon

12、e，everyone，none，all（指人）時，只能用who(whom)。如：Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 先行詞指人，而關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，一般多用who。如：The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 在there be句型中名詞作先行詞的定語從句多用于關(guān)系代詞who(whom)。如：There are students in our class who/whom you have not met.當(dāng)句子中兩個指人的先行詞分別帶有兩個定

13、語從句時，若一個定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞為that，那么，另一個定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞必定為who。如：The boy that you met just now is Li Mings brother who just graduated from a university.（2）用that而不用who(whom)的情形當(dāng)先行詞前面有形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。如：The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. 當(dāng)先行詞前面有only，some，any，no，every，little，few

14、，much，all，very等形容詞修飾時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。如：He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. 當(dāng)主句是以who開頭的特殊疑問句時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。如：Who is woman that you talked with just now?the same as與the same thatthe same as所引導(dǎo)定語從句的內(nèi)容與先行詞同類而不同物；the same that表示所引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容與先行詞同類同物，即：同一事物。如：She is wearing the same coat that I los

15、t a few days ago. 她正穿著我?guī)滋烨八鶃G失的上衣。（暗含：她偷了我的上衣）She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago. 她正穿著跟我?guī)滋烨八鶃G失的上衣同樣的上衣。（暗含：她所穿的上衣不是我所丟失的那一件） 三、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1、關(guān)系副詞一覽表關(guān)系副詞when時間時間狀語I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on whichwhere地點地點狀語This is the house where I was born.可用in whichwhy原因原因狀語

16、I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for which【典型例題1】Adolescence is the phase of life _ youths leave childhood and head into adulthood, _ is a difficult physical and emotional process.A. when; whichB. where; thatC. that; whichD. that; what【答案】A【解析】考查定語從句。句意：青春期是青少年從童年走向成年的人生階段，是一個

17、艱難的生理和心理過程。第一空后的從句不缺主要成分，用關(guān)系副詞，先行詞是phase（青春期這一階段），表時間，定語從句中用when。第二空指代前面整個句子，此時要用which。綜合可知選A?！镜湫屠}2】The Cloud Bridge is located in the Yunyang Longgang Scenic Zone, _ live many rare species.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. what【答案】C【解析】考查where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。句意：云橋位于云陽龍缸風(fēng)景區(qū)，那里有很多稀有物種。此處the Yunyang Longgang Sce

18、nic Zone是先行詞，在后面的非限制性定語從句用在句中作地點狀語，所以關(guān)系副詞為where。定語從句運用的是全部倒裝，故選C。 四、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”以及關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.概述“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句多用于正式文體，使用的關(guān)系代詞一般是which。whom既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，又可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。常見的有以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）介詞+關(guān)系代詞Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.=Mandela was the black lawyer whom I went to for advice. （2

19、）名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore, three of which were English novels. =Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore, of which three were English novels. （3）形容詞最高級+介詞+關(guān)系代詞China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan. （4）介詞+關(guān)系代詞+名詞I called him

20、 by the wrong name, for which mistake I apologized. 我叫錯了他的名字，為此我向他表示了歉意。（不能使用whose）2.關(guān)系代詞的選擇用于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系代詞指人時只能用whom，指物時只能用which，即介詞+which/whom?！镜湫屠}1】The charity fund has raised an adequate sum of money, _ the family of the sick child can buy the kidney, which is urgently needed for the transpl

21、ant surgery.A. by whichB. with whichC. whichD. for which【答案】B【解析】考查非限制性定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：慈善基金已經(jīng)籌集了足夠的錢，生病孩子的家人可以用這筆錢買到腎臟，這是移植手術(shù)急需的。分析句子成分可知，此處是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為money，主語為the family of the sick child，賓語為the kidney，正常的句子應(yīng)該是：the family of the sick child can buy the kidney with money，此處with表示方式，故關(guān)系詞可用介詞+which引導(dǎo)從句

22、。故選B。【典型例題2】I dont doubt that Amy is the lady, _ the gold ring belongs.A. to whichB. to whomC. to whoseD. to her【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句連接詞。句意：我毫不懷疑艾米就是那位女士，那枚金戒指屬于她。本句為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”定語從句修飾先行詞lady，且根據(jù)短語belong to“屬于”可知，介詞應(yīng)用to，且先行詞是人，作介詞to的賓語，故關(guān)系代詞用whom。故選B。 一、單項選擇1.（2020天津）Dr. Rowan, _ secretary resigned two weeks

23、 ago, has had to do all his own typing.A. whoseB. of whomC. of whichD. which2.（2020江蘇）Many lessons are now available online, from _ students can choose for free.A. whoseB. whichC. whenD. whom3.（2019江蘇）We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. t

24、hat4.（2018江蘇）Self-driving is an area _ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when5. After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision. A. that B. which C. when D. where6. As a child, Jack studied i

25、n a village school, is named after his grandfather. A. whichB. where C. whatD. that7. Whenever I met her, was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. A. who B. which C. whenD. that8. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. these9. Mozarts

26、 birthplace and the house he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.A. where B. when C. thereD. which10. Shell never forget her stay there she found her son who had gone missing two years before. A. that B. whichC. where D. when 二、單句語法填空11.（2020全國I卷）China first had to put a satellite in orb

27、it above the moon in a spot it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.12.（2020全國III卷）In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike. 13.（2019浙江卷）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark.14.（2019全國卷）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am t

28、o 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _ she opened with her late husband Les.15.（2019全國卷）They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.16.（2018全國II卷）When the government started a soil-testing program _ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to

29、 farmers and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.17.（2018浙江）Many westerners _ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.18. He is the only person in his company _ is invited to the party.19. Do you know the reason _ she ref

30、used the invitation?20. We are living in an age _ the society develops rapidly. 單句改錯21.（2019全國卷）One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 22.（2019全國卷）In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them. 23.（20

31、18全國I卷）They also had a small pond, which they raised fish. This is the most gorgeous museum which we have ever built in our city. 25. All the neighbors admire this family that the parents are treating their child like a friend. 26. The film what I saw last night was nothing exciting. 27. Please tell

32、 me the reason that you were late this morning. 28. Workers built shelters for those which lost their homes in the tsunami. On that special day, our teachers as well as students gathered on the wasteland of the schoolyard when we would plant trees. 30. I often invite some of my friends which are not

33、 so into classical music to a concert and they love it. 語法填空A girl who has a gift for drawingI went to an exhibition last month, 31 I admired a lot of wonderful paintings. Mary, 32 drawings were shown at the exhibition, is a model student 33 is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as w

34、e got into the exhibition hall 34 the paintings were on show, our eyes were caught by a very large picture 35 was hung on the wall in front of us. The horse 36 was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man 37 was riding on it looked like a living man. It was the best picture 38 I h

35、ad ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young painter 39 I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the best yo

36、ung painter 40 has ever been heard of in her hometown. But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it, I will certainly agree with you. 一、語法填空The 12th China Arts Festival will bring a series of art 41 (activity) to the Chinese economic and art center, Shangha

37、i. From May 20 to June 2, more than 50 shows 42 (select) nationwide will be performed in nineteen major theaters in Shanghai, and a fine selection of creative cultural products will 43 (show) at the Shanghai Exhibition Center. The festival will include 44 (vary) art forms, such as opera dancing, pai

38、nting and photography.The 2019 edition is co-organized by the ministry of Culture and Tourism and the Shanghai municipal government(市政府). Since 45 (it) beginning in 1987, the festival 46 (change) host cities in each edition, travelling to areas including Beijing, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Hubei

39、 over the past three decades.Sales of tickets have opened online, with tickets priced from no cost 47 380 yuan, according to the organizers. To allow a much 48 (large) number of audience to access the programs, the festival will also be broadcast live online. “We will use new media to bring the show

40、s to more ordinary people, 49 will let them know more about the modern development of Chinese arts.” said Zhu Di, head of the ministrys arts department.This years festival is also aimed at 50 (promote) tourism in Shanghai with arts. The local government has released a total of 40 culture-themed trav

41、el routes to guide visitors through Shanghais well-known landmarks.二、短文改錯Some day I happened to find a chatting room in my QQ, there people were chatting in English. I tried to chat with some of them. To my surprised, I found the oral English of some junior students were better than me. I asked them

42、 for advice and they told me to practice more on QQ. But every day after that I would spend one hour practise my oral English on QQ. Day by day I learned from many useful words and expressions. With time went by, I found that I could even communicate some college students freely. 一、單項選擇1.【答案】A【解析】考查

43、定語從句。句意：羅文博士的秘書兩周前辭職了，他現(xiàn)在只能自己打字?！癬 secretary resigned two weeks ago”是非限制性定語從句，修飾Dr. Rowan，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作定語，表示“的”，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)該從句，故選A。2.【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：許多課程現(xiàn)在都可以在網(wǎng)上找到，學(xué)生們可以從中免費選擇。此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞是many lessons，關(guān)系詞在從句中做介詞from的賓語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故選B。3.【答案】C【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們已經(jīng)進(jìn)入到了一個人人有最大可能實現(xiàn)夢想的時代。句中先行詞為an age

44、（一個時代），且先行詞在從句中作時間狀語，所以關(guān)系詞用when。故選C。4.【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：無人駕駛是一個中國和世界其它國家都站在同一起跑線的領(lǐng)域。句中先行詞為area，在從句中作地點狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where，相當(dāng)于in which。故選B。5.【答案】B【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。從句為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為整個主句，在從句中作主語，因此用which引導(dǎo)從句。選B。6.【答案】A【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。此處為非限制性定語從句，先行詞a village school在從句中作主語，因此用which引導(dǎo)從句。選A。7.【答案】B【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。

45、此處為非限制性定語從句，先行詞是整個主句，定語從句插人在主句中間，因此用which引導(dǎo)從句。選B。8.【答案】C【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。指人的先行詞her three friends在從句中作介詞of的賓語，因此用whom引導(dǎo)從句。選C。9.【答案】A【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞the house在從句中作地點狀語，簡單句是：he composed “The Magic Flute” in the house，因此用where引導(dǎo)從句。選A。10.【答案】D【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞her stay在從句she found her son中作時間狀語。She found her son

46、 during her stay there，因此用when引導(dǎo)從句。選D。二、單句語法填空11.【答案】where【解析】考查定語從句。分析句子可知，從句“it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth”不缺主謂賓，缺狀語，而先行詞spot為地點，故填where。12.【答案】whose【解析】考查定語從句。句意：中國古代有一位畫家，他的畫幾乎栩栩如生。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞artist，且先行詞在從句中作定語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose。故填whose。13.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定語從句。這是個限制性定語從句，先

47、行詞是cloth，指物，從句中缺少主語，因此，可以用that或which引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。14.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，先行詞為the pet shop，在非限制性定語從句中作opened一詞的賓語，故用which。15.【答案】who【解析】考查定語從句。句意：它們被主人訓(xùn)練地很好，它們的主人在照顧這些動物方面很有經(jīng)驗。先行詞為masters（主人），且從句缺主語。故關(guān)系詞填who。16.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。根據(jù)空后的謂語動詞gives可知，該空缺少主語，指代program并且引導(dǎo)后面的句子。指物用t

48、hat/which，故填that或者which。17.【答案】who/that【解析】考查關(guān)系代詞。句中包含定語從句，先行詞是westerners，指人，在定語從句中做主語，用關(guān)系代詞who/that引導(dǎo)，故填who/that。18.【答案】that【解析】考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：他是他公司里唯一一個被邀請參加聚會的人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞person，且先行詞前有the only修飾，所以填that。19.【答案】why【解析】考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：你知道她拒絕邀請的理由嗎？分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是the reason，且定語從句中

49、缺少原因狀語，所以填why。20.【答案】when【解析】考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：我們生活在一個社會快速發(fā)展的時代。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是an age，且定語從句中缺少時間狀語，所以填when。單句改錯21.【答案】where改為when【解析】考查定語從句。本句是含有定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞是one afternoon，關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作時間狀語，所以此處應(yīng)用表示時間的when。故將where改為when。22.【答案】what改為that/which【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞environment在從句中作主語，指物，關(guān)系代詞用that/which。故把w

50、hat改為that/which。23.【答案】which改成in which或where【解析】考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：他們還有一個小池塘，里面養(yǎng)著魚。此處a small pond是先行詞，其在后面的定語從句中作地點狀語，故用in which或where。24.【答案】which改為that【解析】考查定語從句連接詞。句意：這是我們市建過的最漂亮的博物館。先行詞gym被形容詞最高級修飾，定語從句只能用that引導(dǎo)。故which改為that。25.【答案】that改為where或in which【解析】考查定語從句。后面的句子缺狀語，故該用副詞或介詞加關(guān)系代詞來引導(dǎo)定語從句。句意：所有的鄰居

51、都羨慕這個家庭，父母像對待朋友一樣對待孩子。故that改為where或in which。26.【答案】what改為which/that或去掉what【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我昨晚看的電影一點也不刺激。此處引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句，先行詞the film，指物，在定語從句中作saw的賓語，需用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)或者可以省略。故將what改為which/that或者將what刪除。27.【答案】that改為why【解析】考查定語從句。句意：請告訴我你今天早上遲到的原因。此處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞the reason，在定語從句中作原因狀語，需用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)。故將that改為why。

52、28.【答案】which改為who【解析】考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：工人們?yōu)槟切┰诤[中失去家園的人建造了避難所。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里含有一個定語從句，先行詞為those，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指人，先行詞為指人的those時，只能用who，不能用that，故將which改為who。29.【答案】when改成where【解析】考查關(guān)系副詞。分析句子可知，schoolyard 為先行詞，在后面定語從句中作地點狀語，所以關(guān)系副詞為where。故將when改成where。30.【答案】which改為who/that【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我經(jīng)常邀請一些不太喜歡古典音樂的朋友去聽音樂會，他們很喜歡

53、。先行詞為some of my friends，指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，故which改為who/that。語法填空【答案】31. where32. whose33. who/that34. where35. that/which36. that/ which37. who/that38. that39. that40. that【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者去看畫展的一次經(jīng)歷。31.考查非限制性定語從句關(guān)系副詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為an exhibition，關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點狀語，意為“在那里”。故填where。32.考查非限制性定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句

54、意：瑪麗的畫作在展覽會上展出，她是一個模范學(xué)生，經(jīng)常因為她在學(xué)校的出色表現(xiàn)而受到表揚。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Mary，關(guān)系代詞whose在從句中作定語，表示所有關(guān)系。故填whose。33.考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。先行詞為a model student，關(guān)系代詞who/that在從句中作主語，指人。故填who/that。34.考查定語從句關(guān)系副詞。句意：當(dāng)我們進(jìn)入展覽大廳的時候，我們的眼睛被掛在我們面前墻上的巨幅畫吸引住了。先行詞為the exhibition hall，關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點狀語。故填where。35.考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。先行詞為picture，關(guān)系代詞

55、that/ which在從句中作主語，指物。故填that/which。36.考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：畫中的馬和真正的馬一模一樣。先行詞為The horse，關(guān)系代詞that/which在從句中作主語，指物。故填that/which。37.考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：騎在上面的人看起來像個活人。先行詞為The man，關(guān)系代詞who/that在從句中作主語，指人。故填who/that。38.考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：這是我見過的最好的畫，我應(yīng)該說Mary是我聽說過的最好的年輕畫家。先行詞為the best picture，關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作賓語，指物，因為先行詞由最高級修飾，所以只

56、能用that不用which。故填that。39.考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。先行詞為the best young painter，關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作賓語，指人，因為先行詞由最高級修飾，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。40.考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：她的一個老師告訴我，瑪麗花了幾千個小時學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)畫畫，才成為她家鄉(xiāng)聽說過的最好的年輕畫家。先行詞為the best young painter，關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作主語，指人，因為先行詞由最高級修飾，所以只能用that不用who。故填that?！军c撥】定語從句中關(guān)系詞的選擇可考慮以下二點：（1）一看先行詞的意義，即分清先行詞是指

57、人、指物、時間、地點還是原因（如指物時不能用who或whom，指人時通常不用which等。（2）二看關(guān)系詞的句法功能，即分清關(guān)系詞是擔(dān)任什么句子成分，是作主語還是賓語、是作定語還是狀語等（如作定語通常用whose，有時也用which；作狀語要用when，where，why。）（3）三看定語從句的種類，即分清是限制性定語從句還是非限制性定語從句（如that和why通常不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句）。一、語法填空【答案】41. activities42. selected43. be shown44. various45. its46. has changed47. to48. larger49. which50. promoting【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在上海舉辦的第12屆中國藝術(shù)節(jié)，包括它的舉辦時間、有哪些節(jié)目以及它的票價和它希望達(dá)成的目標(biāo)等，同時介紹了它是由哪些部門組織的。通過文章，我們也了解到中國藝術(shù)節(jié)從1987年開始舉辦，過去的30年每一期都會更換一個主辦城市。41.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：第十二屆中國藝術(shù)節(jié)將在位于上海的中國經(jīng)濟(jì)藝術(shù)中心舉辦一系