MBA英語歷年真題詳解

1、2001年MBA英語真題及答案考生須知選擇題的答案須用2B鉛筆填涂在答題卡上，其余筆填涂的或做在試卷或其余種類答題卡上的答案無效。其余題一律用藍(lán)色或黑色鋼筆或圓珠筆在答題紙上按規(guī)定要求作答，凡做在試卷上或未做在指定地點的答案無效。交卷時，請配合監(jiān)考人員查收，并請監(jiān)考人員在準(zhǔn)考據(jù)相應(yīng)地點署名（作為考生交卷的憑證）。不然，所產(chǎn)生的全部結(jié)果由考生自負(fù)。2001年全國攻讀工商管理碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語試題SectionIVocabulary(10points)Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.Foreachsentencethe

2、rearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Theannual-ofthedepartmentstorestartstomorrow.Astocking.BstocktakingCstockpiling.Dstockholding.2Awarranty.BpromiseCcertificate.Drecejpt.3.Inmanycountriestobaccoandmedicinearegovernment-.Acontrol.B

3、monopolyCbusiness.Dbelongings.4.Banknotesarenotusually-intogoldnowadays.Ainverted.BrevertibleCconvertible.Ddiverting.5.I-youthatthegoodswillbedeliverednextweek.Ainsist.BconfirmCassure.Densure.Themanagerjust-hisresignationtotheboardmeetingyesterdayandtodayanotheronetookhisplace.Asentup.BsentoffCsento

4、ut.Dsentin.7.Letsnot-oversuchatrifle!Afallthrough.BfalloutCfalloff.Dfallback.TheculturesofChinaandJapanhavesharedmanyfeatures,buteachhasusedthemaccordingtoitsnational-.Apersonality.BtemperamentCinterest.Ddestiny.9.Ourjourneywasslowbecausethetrainstopped-atdifferentvillages.Agradually.BcontinuouslyCc

5、onstantly.Dcontinually.Whenherealizedthepolicehadspottedhim,theman-theexitasquicklyaspossible.Amadefor.BmadeoutCmadeupto.Dmadeway.11.Thegoods-whenwearrivedattheairport.Awerejustunloaded.BwerejustbeingunloadedCwerejustbeenunloaded.Dhadjustunloaded.Theprofessorcanhardlyfindsufficientgrounds-hisargumen

6、tinfavorofthenewtheory.Awhichtobaseon.BonwhichtobaseCtobaseonwhich.Dwhichtobebasedon.13.Ithinkyourwordscarrymoreweightthan-.Aanybodyelses.BthatofanybodysCanybodyelse.Delseanybodys.Thesecondbookwas-byAugust1996,buttwoyearslater,theendwasstillnowhereinsight.Atocomplete.BcompletedCtohavebeencompleted.t

7、ohavecompleted.D.Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible,butI-fullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.Awere.BwasChadbeen.Dhavebeen.16.Nodifficultyandnohardship-discouragedhim.Ahas.BhaveChasbeen.Dhavebeen.17.Ialwayskeepcandlesinthehouse-thereisapowercut.Aif.BincaseConconditionthat.Dwhen.1

8、8.Somemodernchildrensfictiondealswithseriousproblemsandsituationswitharealismseldom-inearlierbooks.Aattempted.BattemptingCbeingattempted.Dhavingattempted.19.Writteninahurry,-.hemademanymistakesinthepaper.therewerealotofmistakesinthepaper.wefoundplentyoferrorsinherpaperthepaperwasfulloferrors.Somestu

9、dentpreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefer-toworkontheirown.Aleaving.BtoleaveChavingbeenleft.Dtobeleft.SectionIICloze(10points)Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutm

10、emory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebases21thedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobe22inourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtsintosthepresent23memory.Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeep24availableforlateruse.Itincludesnotonlyrememberingthinglikearithmeticorhistoricalf

11、acts,butalsoanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves.Memoryis25whenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffedsomethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.Memoryisalsoinvolvedwhenasixyearoldchildlearnstoswingabaseballbat.Memory26notonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.Computers,forexamp

12、le,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateruse.Itisinterestingtocomparethememorystoragecapacityofacomputer27thatofahumanbeing.Theinstantaccessmemoryofalargecomputermayholdupto100,000wordsreadyfor28use.AnaverageAmericanteenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningsofabout100,000wordsofEnglish.However,thisisbutafr

13、actionofthetotal29ofinformationwhichtheteenagerhasstored.Consider,forexample,thenumberoffactsandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight.Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblemsolvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofapersonwordsand30ofwords.smemoryisintermsofonstoredininformation.includedse

14、emsforprotective.amountcollections.SectionIIIReadingcomprehension(40points)SectionAA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil.Questions31to34arebasedonthefollowingpassage:andregulation,inspections,depositinsurance,andloanstotroubledbanks.Foro

15、ver50years,theseprecautionshavepreventedbankingpanics.However,therehavebeensomeclosecalls.ThecollapseofContinentallllinoisBank&TrustedCompanyofChicagoin1984didnotbringdownthebankingsystem,butitcertainlyrattledsomewindows.Inthelate1970s,ContinentalsoaredtoaleadershippositionamongMidwesternbanks.Parts

16、ofitsgrowthstrategywererisky,however.Itmademanyloansintheenergyfield,includingbillionthatittookoverfromPennSquareBandofOklahomaCity.Toobtainthefundsitneededtomaketheseloans,Continentalreliedheavilyonshorttermborrowingfromotherbanksandlarge,30daycertificatesofdeposit-hotmoney,inbankingjargon.Atleasto

17、neContinentalofficersawdangersignsandwroteawarningmemotohersuperiors,butthememowentunheeded.AlthoughtheComptrolleroftheCurrencyinspectedContinentalonaregularbasis,itfailedtoseelowseriousitsproblemsweregoingtobe.PennSquareBankwasclosedbyregulatorsinJuly1982.Whenenergypricesbegantoslip,mostofthebillio

18、ninloansthatContinentalhadtakenoverfromthesmallerbanksturnedouttobehad.OtherloanstotroubledcompaniessuchChrysler,lnternationalHarvester,andBranifflookedquestionable.Seeingtheseproblem，hotmoneyownersbegantopulltheirfundsoutofContinental.Bythespringof1984,arunonContinentalhadbegun.InMay,thebankhadtowa

19、snotenough.TotrytostemtheoutflowofdepositsfromContinemtal,theFDICagreedtoguaranteenotjustthefirst,000ofeachdepositorsmoneybutallofit.Nevertheless,theruncontinued.FederalregulatorstriedhardtofindasoundbankthatcouldtakeoverContinental-acommonwayofrescuingfailingbanks.ButContinentalwasjusttoobigforanyo

20、netobuy.ByJuly,allhopeofaprivatesectorrescuewasdashed.Regulatorsfacedastarkchoice:LetContinentalcollapse,ortakeitoverthemselves.Lettingthebankfailseemedtoorisky.Itwasestimatedthatmorethan100otherbankshadplacedenoughfundsinContinentaltoputthematriskifContinentalfailed.Thus,onarainyThursdayattheendofJ

21、uly,theFDICineffectnationalized31.Inthespringof1984,Continentalexperienced-.Aafastgrowthperiod.BastabilityperiodCarun.Danoilpricedecrease.32.ByJuly,allhopeofaprivatesectorrescuewas-.Adestroyed.BabsurdCdesperate.Ddamaged.ThenationalizatinofContinental-.AsaveditBmadehotmoneyownerscontinuetopulltheirfu

22、ndsoutofContinental.CalmostbroughtdownthebankingsystemDfiredmanyhighrankingofficers.34.Bankingpanicsmaybepreventedbymeansof-.Adepositinsurance.BgrowthstrategyClongtermborrowing.Dwarningmemo.Questions35to38arebasedonthefollowingpassage:aspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.Theexecutivew

23、hoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).Bywayofcontrast,inJapantheheadofhumanresourcemanagementiscentral-usuallythesecondmostimportantexecutive,aftertheCEO,inthefirmshierarchy.WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingth

24、eirconcentratedthataremadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexample,takemuchlongerto

25、learnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGermany(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythanitisintheUnitedStated.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretraininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithw

26、hichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcanteffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobsthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.Whichofthef

27、ollowingappliestothemanagementofhumanresourcesinAmericancompanies?.Theyhirepeopleatthelowestcostregardlessoftheirskills.Theyseethegainingofskillsastheiremployeesownbusiness.Theyattachmoreimportancetoworkersthantoequipment.Theyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeencompetition.Whatisthepositionoftheheado

28、fhumanresourcemanagementinanAmericanfirm?.Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesinthefirm.Hispostislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologiesareintroduced.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutive.Hehasnoauthorityinmakingimportantdecisionsinthefirm.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsspendintrainingmainlygoesto-.Awor

29、kerswhocanoperatenewequipmentBtechnologicalandmanagerialstaffCworkerswholackbasicbackgroundskillsDtopexecutives.38.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?.AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinhumanresourcemanagement.B.Extensiveretrainingisindispensabletoeffectivehumanagement.resourcemanCinafi

30、rm.Theheadofhumanshierarchy.resourcemanagementmustbeinthecentralpositionD.ThehumanresourcemanagementstrategiesofAmericanfirmsaffecttheircompetitivecapacity.Questions39to42arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Internetisavastnetworkofcomputersthatconnectsmanyoftheworldbusinesses,institutions,andindividuals.T

31、heinternet,whichmeansinterconnectednetworkofnetworks,linkstensofthousandsofsmallercomputernetworks.Thesenetworkstransmithugeamountsofinformationintheformofwords,images,andsounds.sTheInternetwasinformationonvirtuallyeverytopic.Networkuserscansearchthroughsourcesrangingfromvastdatabasestosmallelectron

32、icbulletinboards,whereusersformdiscussiongroupsaroundcommoninterests.MuchoftheInternetstrafficconsistsofmessagessentfromonecomputerusertoelectronicaddressesthatallowthemtosendandreceiveemail.Otherusesofthenetworkincludeobtainingnews,joiningelectronicdebates,andplayingelectronicgames.OnefeatureoftheI

33、nternet,knownastheWorldWideWeb,providesgraphics,audio,andvideotoenhancetheinformationinitsdocuments.Thesedocumentscoveravastnumberoftopics.PeopleusuallyaccesstheInternetwithadevicecalledamodem.Modemsconnectcomputerstothenetworkthroughtelephonelines.MuchoftheInternetoperatesthroughworldwidetelephonen

34、etworksoffiberopticcables.Thesecablescontainhairthinstrandsofglassthatcarrydataaspulsesoflight.Theycantransmitthousandsoftimesmoredatathanlocalphonelines,mostofwhichconsistofcopperwires.ThehistoryoftheInternetbeganinthe1960s.Atthattime,theAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(ARPA)oftheUnitedStatesDepartme

35、ntofDefensedevelopedanetworkofcomputerscalledARPAnet.Originally,ARPAnetconnectedonlymilitaryandgovernmentcomputersystems.Itspurposewastomakethesesystemssecureintheeventofadisasterorwas.SoonafterthecreationofARPAnet,universitiesandotherinstitutionsdevelopedtheirowncomputernetworks.Thesenetworkseventu

36、allyweremergedwithARPAnettoformtheInternet.Bythe1990s,anyonewithacomputer,modem,andInternetsoftwarecouldlinkuptotheInternet.Inthefuture,theInternetwillprobablygrowmoresophisticatedascomputertechnologybecomesmorepowerful.ManyexpertsbelievetheInternetmaybecomepartofalargernetworkcalledtheinformationsu

37、perhighway.Thisnetwork,stillunderdevelopment,wouldlinkcomputerswithtelephonecompanies,cabletelevisionstations,andothercommunicationsystems.Peoplecouldbank,shop,watchTV,andperformmanyotheractivitiesthroughthenetwork.39.Thispassageisaboutthe-oftheInternet.Afuture.BgeneralintroductionCuse.Dhistory.40.W

38、hichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheInternetistrue?.ARPAwasthefirstnetusedbyAmericanuniversitiesandinstitutions.ThehistoryoftheInternetcanbetracedbacktofiftyyearsago.ThepurposeoftheInternetistoprotecttheworldintheeventofwar.ARPAnetformedthefoundationoftheInternetnowadays.41.TheInternetenablespeoplet

39、odoallthefollowingthingsEXCEPT-.Asendingemail.BobtainingnewsCexchangingmodem.Dinternetrelatedchat(IRC).42.Accordingtothelastparagraph,inthefuture-.inmaybehardtopredictthedevelopmentoftheInternet.theInternetwillbecomeanindispensablesuperhighway.theInternetwillbeappliedmore.D.theInternetwillcombinecab

40、lestations.Questions43to46arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Sexprejudicesarebasedonandjustifiedbytheideologythatbiologyisdestiny.Accordingtothisideology,basicbiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesexistbetweenthesexes.Thesedifferencesrequireeachsextoplayaseparateroleinsociallife.Womenaretheweakersexbothph

41、ysicallyandemotionally.Thus,theyarenaturallysuited,muchmoresothanmen,totheperformanceofdomesticduties.Awomansplace,undernormalcircumstances,iswithintheprotectiveenvironmentofthehome.Naturehasdeterminedthatwomenplaycaretakerroles,suchaswifeandmotherandhomemaker.Ontheotherhand,menarebestsuitedtogoouts

42、intosthecompetitiveworldofworkandpolitics,whereseriousresponsibilitiesmustbetakenon.Menaretobetheproviders;womenandchildrenaredependents.Theideologyalsoholdsthatwomenwhowishtoworkoutsidethehouseholdshouldnaturallyfillthesejobsthatareinlinewiththespecialcapabilitiesoftheirsex.Itisthusappropriateforwo

43、men,notmen,tobeemployedasnurses,socialworkers,elementaryschoolteachers,householdhelpers,andclerksandsecretaries.Thesepositionsaresimplyanextensionofwomensdomesticrole.Informaldistinctionsbetweenwomensworkandmensworkinthelaborforce,accordingtotheideology,aresimplyafunctionalreflectionofthebasicdiffer

44、encesbetweenthesexes.Finally,theideologysuggeststhatnaturehasworkedherwillinanothersignificantway.Forthehumanspeciestosurviveovertime,itsmembersmustregularlyreproduce.Thus,womenmust,whetherathomeorinthelaborforce,makethemostoftheirphysicalappearance.Sogoestheideology.Itis,ofcourse,nottruethatbasicbi

45、ologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesbetweenthesexesrequireeachtoplaysexdefinedrolesinsociallife.Thereisampleevidencethatsexrolesvaryfromsocietytosociety,andthoseroledifferencesthattoexistarelargelylearned.Buttothedegreepeopleactuallybelievethatbiologyisdestinyandthatnatureintendedformenandwomentomake

46、differentcontributionstosociety,sexdefinedroleswillbeseenastotallyacceptable.43.Womensplace,somepeoplethink,iswithintheprotectiveenvironmentofthehomebecause-.womencanprovidebettercareforthechildren.womenaretooweaktodoanyagriculturalworkatall.womenarebiologicallysuitedtodomesticjobs.womencannotcompet

47、ewithmeninanyfield.Accordingtotheauthor,sexroles-.AaresociallydeterminedB.areemotionallyandphysicallydetermined.C.canonlybedeterminedbywhateducationpeopletake.D.arebiologicallyandpsychologicallydetermined.45.Theauthorpointsoutthattheassignmentsofwomensrolesinwork-.aredeterminedbywhattheyarebettersui

48、tedto.growoutoftheirpositioninsidethehome.reflectabasicdifferencebetweenmenandwomen.aresuitabletothem,butnottomen.46.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thedivisionofsexdefinedrolesiscompletelyunacceptable.B.Womensrolesinworkaretoolimitedatpresent.C.Inonesociety,menmightperformwhatis

49、consideredwomensdutiesbyanother.D.Someofthewomensrolesindomesticdutiescannotbetakenoverbymen.Questions47to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Inasense,thenewprotectionismisnotprotectionismatall,atleastnotinthetraditionalsenseoftheterm.Theoldprotectionismreferredonlytotraderestrictingandtradeexpandingdev

50、ices,suchasthetarifforexportsubsidy.Thenewprotectionismismuchbroaderthanthis;itincludesinterventionssintosforeigntradebutisnotlimitedtothem.Thenewprotectionism,infact,referstohowthewholeofgovernmentinterventionsintostheprivateeconomyaffectsinternationaltrade.Theemphasisontradeisstillthere,thuscameth

51、etermprotection.Butwhatisnewistherealizationthatvirtuallyallgovernmentactivitiescanaffectinternationaleconomicrelations.TheemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworldreflectsthevictoryoftheinterventionist,orwelfareeconomyoverthemarketeconomy.JabTumilerwrites,Theoldprotectionismcoexisted,withouta

52、nyapparentintellectualdifficultywiththeacceptanceofthemarketasanationalaswellasaninternationaleconomicdistributionmechanism-indeed,protectionistsaswellas(ifnotmorethan)freetradersstoodforlaissezfaire(聽任政策).Now,asinthe1930s,protectionismisanexpressionofaprofoundskepticismastotheabilityofthemarkettodi

53、stributeresourcesandincomestosocietiessatisfaction.Itispreciselythisprofoundskepticismofthemarketeconomythatisresponsiblefortheprotectionism.Inamarketeconomy,economicchangeofvariouscolorsimpliesredistributionofresourcesandincomes.Thesameopinioninmanycommunitiesapparentlyisthatsuchredistributionsofte

54、narenotproper.Therefore,thegovernmentintervenes(干涉；干涉)tobringaboutamoredesiredresult.ThevictoryofthewelfarestateisalmostcompleteinnorthernEurope.InSweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,andtheNetherlands,governmentinterventioninalmostallaspectsofeconomicandsociallifeisconsiderednormal.InGreatBritainthisisonl

55、ysomewhatlesstrue.GovernmenttraditionallyhasplayedaveryactiveroleineconomiclifeinFranceandcontinuedtodoso.OnlyWestGermanydarestogoagainstthetidetowardsexcessiveinterventionisminWesternEurope.ItalsohappenstobethemostsuccessfulWesternEuropeaneconomy.ThewelfarestatehasmadesignificantprogressintheUnited

56、StatesaswellasinWesternEurope.Socialsecurity,unemploymentinsurance,minimumwagelaws,andrentcontrolarebynowtraditionalwelfarestateelementsontheAmericanscene.Thispassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing-.A.thedefinitionofthenewprotectionism.B.thedifferencebetweennewandoldprotectionism.C.theemergenceof

57、thenewprotectionismintheWesternworld.D.thesignificanceofthewelfarestate.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTacharacteristicofawelfarestatementionedinthispassage?AFreeeducationisavailabletoachild.BLawsaremadetofixtheminimumwage.Ajoblesspersoncanbeinsured.Thereareregulationsforrent.49.Whichofthefollowin

58、ginferencesistrue,accordingtothispassage?A.Theeconomydevelopedfasterinwelfarestatesthaninnonwelfarestates.Inthe1930s,protectionismbegantorise.Thenewprotectionismissocalledmainlybecauseitisthelatest.GovernmentplaysamoreactiveroleineconomiclifeinNorthernEuropethaninGreatBritain.Thepassagesuppliesinfor

59、mationforansweringwhichofthefollowingquestions?Whendidthenewprotectionismarise?.WhyisthenewprotectionismsopopularinnorthernEuropeancountries?.C.DoestheAmericangovernmentplayamoreactiveroleineconomiclifethantheBritishgovernment?.Whydoesthegovernmentinterveneineconomiclife?.SectionBDirections:.Readthe

60、followingpassagecarefullyandthengiveshortanswerstothefivequestions.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.Inatelevisioninterview,Mr.DanielBrummage,PresidentoftheInternationalOlympicsCommittee,isdefendinghisCommitteesdecisiontoholdtheGamesagaininfouryearstime.EversincethemodernOlympicGamesbeganin1896,theyv