八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)練習(xí)

1、八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講+練習(xí)（一）一般未來(lái)時(shí)一般未來(lái)時(shí)表示未來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或許存在的狀態(tài)。往常與表示未來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如dayaftertomorrow,nextyear,nextmonth,nextweek,in100years等。tomorrow,thebegoingtodo（動(dòng)詞原形）構(gòu)造：表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事情或許必定要發(fā)生的事情。如：Itisgoingtorain.willdo構(gòu)造表示未來(lái)的用法：1.表示預(yù)示Doyouthinkitwillrain?Youwillfeelbetterafteragoodrest.2.表表示圖Iwillborrowabookfromou

2、rschoollibrarytomorrow.Whatwillshedotomorrow?基本組成以下：一般疑問(wèn)句組成：（1）will+主語(yǔ)+do?WillSarahcometovisitmenextSunday?（2）therebe構(gòu)造的一般疑問(wèn)句：Willthere+be?Willtherebefewertrees?Yes,therewill./No,therewon否認(rèn)句組成：will+not（wont）+doSarahwontcometovisitmenextSunday.t特別疑問(wèn)句組成：特別疑問(wèn)詞will主語(yǔ)？WhatwillSarahdonextSunday?練一練依據(jù)例句，用w

3、ill改寫(xiě)以下各句例：Idontfeelwelltoday（.bebettertomorrow）Illbebettertomorrow.Ginahassixclassestoday.（havealotofhomeworktonight）_Imtirednow（.sleeplater）_Myparentsneedanewcar.（buyonesoon）_Wecantleaverightnow（.leavealittlelater）_Theweatherisawfultoday.（bebettertomorrow）_答案：1.Shellhavealotofhomeworktonight.Illsl

4、eeplater.Theyllbuyonesoon.Wellleavealittlelater.Maybeitllbebettertomorrow.（二）should的用法：should用來(lái)提出建講和忠告，后邊加動(dòng)詞原形，否認(rèn)句直接在should后邊加not.比如：Ithinkyoushouldeatlessjunkfood.我以為你應(yīng)當(dāng)少吃垃圾食品。Shedrivesalotandsheseldomwalks.SoIthinksheshouldwalkalot.她常常開(kāi)車(chē)，極少走路。所以我以為她應(yīng)當(dāng)多走路。Studentsshouldntspendtoomuchtimeplayingcomp

5、utergames.學(xué)生們不該當(dāng)花太多的時(shí)間玩計(jì)算機(jī)游戲。學(xué)習(xí)向他人提建議的幾種句式：1）Ithinkyoushould2）Well,youcould3）Maybeyoushould4）Whydontyou?5）Whataboutdoingsth.?6）Youdbetterdosth.練一練用should或shouldnt填空Icantsleepthenighteforebexams.You_takeawarmshowerbeforeyougotobed.Goodfriends_argueeachother.Thereislittlemilkintheglass.We_buysome.They

6、didntinviteyou?Maybeyou_befriendlier.Iamalittlebitoverweight.SoIthinkI_doexerciseseveryday.答案：t（三）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或許過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)向來(lái)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。組成was/were+doing，比如：IwaswatchingTVat9oclocklastnight.at9oclocklastnight是時(shí)間點(diǎn)Theywereplayingfootballallafternoon.allafternoon是時(shí)間段過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)記詞at8oclocklastnight,thi

7、stimeyesterday等。比如：Iwashavinglunchathomethistimeyesterday.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在吃午餐。Atthattimeshewaswritingabook.那陣子她在寫(xiě)一本書(shū)。（表示她在那段時(shí)間里向來(lái)在做那件事情。）練一練用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適合形式填空。1.ThistimeyesterdayI_（read）books.2.At9oclocklastSundaythey_（have）aparty.WhenI_（come）intotheclassroom,she_（read）astorybook.She_（play）computergameswhile

8、hermother_（cook）yesterdayafternoon.I_（have）ashowerwhenyou_（call）meyesterday.答案：1.wasreading2.werehaving3.came;wasreading4.wasplaying;wascooking5.washaving;called（四）間接引語(yǔ)形成步驟：（1）不要逗號(hào)，冒號(hào)，引號(hào)2）要考慮到人稱的變化（人稱的變化與漢語(yǔ)是一致的）3）要考慮時(shí)態(tài)的變化4）要考慮時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地址狀語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)示代詞的變化。直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，幾個(gè)主要時(shí)態(tài)的變化規(guī)律直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般此刻時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般未來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)

9、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，一些詞匯的變化規(guī)律直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)1.am/is1.was2.are2.were3.have/has3.had4.will4.would5.can5.could6.may6.might練一練用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適合形式填空。ShesaidI_（be）hard-working.Petertoldmehe_（be）boredyesterday.Shesaidshe_（go）swimminglastSunday.Bobbysaidhe_（may）callmelater.Antoniotoldmehe_（read）abookthen.答案：4.might請(qǐng)轉(zhuǎn)述他人說(shuō)的話

10、：5.wasreadingIgotothebeacheverySaturday.（Tom）Icanspeakthreelanguages.（Lucy）3.Iwillcallyoutomorrow.（Mike）4.ImhavingasurprisepartyforLana（.she）（五）if指引的條件狀語(yǔ)從句構(gòu)造：if一般此刻時(shí)，主語(yǔ)未來(lái)時(shí)含義：假如，將要比如：Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.假如你懇求他，他會(huì)幫助你。Ifneedbe,wellworkallnight.假如需要，我們就干個(gè)徹夜。練一練依據(jù)中文提示，達(dá)成句子。假如你參加聚會(huì)，你將會(huì)過(guò)得很高興。Ifyou_th

11、eparty,you_.假如明日下雨，我們將不去野餐。Ifit_tomorrow,we_.假如你常常聽(tīng)英文歌，你將會(huì)喜愛(ài)英語(yǔ)的。Ifyouoften_,you_.答案：1.Ifyougototheparty,youwillhaveagoodtime2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewontgotothepicnic3.IfyouoftenlistentoEnglishsongs,youlllikeEnglish二.完形填空特色及解題思路（一）題型分類(lèi)與特色完形填空試題是在給出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干個(gè)詞，留下一些空格，要求考生借助短文保存的部分，從所給的短文整體出發(fā)，在正確理解短

12、文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，依據(jù)句子和句子間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系、詞的用法和習(xí)慣搭配等，用適合的詞或詞語(yǔ)填空，使補(bǔ)全后的短文意思通暢、前后連接、構(gòu)造完好。這類(lèi)題型測(cè)試的內(nèi)容從形式上看是單詞或短語(yǔ)的填空，但它一定注意到短文中上、下文意思連接、詞語(yǔ)搭配和語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造正確，所以在空格上所填的詞一定切合語(yǔ)義合用和語(yǔ)法正確兩條原則，只考慮某一側(cè)面都可能致使錯(cuò)誤。中考取完形填空試題的基此題型分兩類(lèi)：完形填空選擇題和完形填空題。完形填空選擇題：該題型的特色是將一篇短文中若干詞語(yǔ)抽掉留下空格，對(duì)每一空格供給若干個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)，要求考生通讀短文后，在理解短文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，運(yùn)用所學(xué)的詞匯、句型、語(yǔ)法等語(yǔ)言知識(shí)，從所供給的備選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最正確答

13、案，使短文內(nèi)容完好正確。中考完形填空主要以這類(lèi)題型為主。它所給的短文一般與初中英語(yǔ)教材難易程度相當(dāng)，字?jǐn)?shù)在150200個(gè)單詞以內(nèi)，多半設(shè)置10個(gè)左右空格，所設(shè)考點(diǎn)波及詞匯、語(yǔ)法及對(duì)短文內(nèi)容的理解。短文的第一句一般不設(shè)空，以期供給一個(gè)語(yǔ)境，對(duì)每一空格設(shè)置的選項(xiàng)基本都屬于同樣或平等的詞類(lèi)，給判斷選擇帶來(lái)必定的擾亂，重視考察了考生正確運(yùn)用詞匯的能力及對(duì)短文的整體理解和邏輯推理能力。選詞填空題：該題型的特色是把抽出的詞打亂次序，不按原文次序擺列，放在短文前面或后邊的方框內(nèi)，有時(shí)還增添幾個(gè)文外的詞，要求考生從中選出適合的詞以正確的形式填入短文空格內(nèi)。A）Jackwantedtoaskfortwodays

14、off,1hehadonlylearntthephrase（短語(yǔ)）“haveadayoff”.He2,thenhehadanidea.“Grandmotherisill.MayIhaveadayoff,3?”heaskedtheteacher.“Ofcourse,youcan.”replied（答復(fù)）theteacheratonce.Afterawhile,theboycameto4attheteachersdoor“.MayIhaveadayoff5?”Theteacherwasverysurprised,“Didntyou6itjustnow?”“Yes,sir.ButIcantbe7he

15、re,either.”Theteacherunderstoodhimandcouldnothelp8.Thenhesaidwithasmile,“WhydidntyousayMayIhavetwodaysoff?”Theboyansweredquickly9aloudvoice.“Butyouonly10ushaveadayoff!”（）B.andC.orD.for（）B.thoughthardandhardC.hardthoughtD.thoughtandthought（）B.sirC.teacherD.Mr（）4.A.strikeB.bestC.hitD.knock（）5.A.alsoB.

16、againC.tooD.once（）6.A.speakB.tellC.sayD.do（）7.A.tomorrowyesterdaythedaybeforeyesterday（）8.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughedD.laughing（）9.A.withB.onC.inD.by（）B.taughtC.areteachingD.wereteaching（B）請(qǐng)依據(jù)內(nèi)容從所給的15個(gè)單詞中選出最適合的10個(gè)填入空白處，使短文完好，有些詞要依據(jù)需要作適合的詞形變化。than,so,tell,us,them,report,beause,love,composition,understa

17、nd,to,that,much,for,whatAgenerationgap（代溝）hasbecomeaseriousproblem.Ireada_（1）aboutitinthenewspaper.Somechildrenhavekilled_（2）afterquarrels（爭(zhēng)執(zhí)）withparents.Ithinkthisis_（3）theydonthaveagoodtalkwitheachother.Parentsnowspend_（4）timeintheoffice._（5）theydonthavemuchtimetostaywiththeirchildren.Astimepasses

18、,theybothfeel_（6）theydonthavethesametopics（話題）totalkabout.Iwantto_（7）parentstobemorewithyourchildren,gettoknowthemandunderstandthem.Andforchildren,showyourfeeling_（8）yourparents.Theyarethepeoplewho_（9）you.Sotellthemyourthoughts（想法）.Inthisway,youcanhaveabetter_（10）ofeachother.完形填空選擇題的一般解題思路是：跳過(guò)空格、通讀全

19、文、掌握粗心。先跳過(guò)空格，通讀試題所給的要完形填空的短文，獲取整體印象，做到弄清文脈、抓住主旨，較好地掌握短文粗心。要在閱讀理解短文意思的基礎(chǔ)上才開(kāi)始判斷選擇，切忌匆促下筆。聯(lián)合選項(xiàng)、綜合考慮、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，再聯(lián)合所給備選項(xiàng)細(xì)讀全文，聯(lián)系上、下文內(nèi)容，注意從上、下文的語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造和詞語(yǔ)搭配及從選擇項(xiàng)中找尋解題的提示，以詞、句的意義為先，再?gòu)钠饰鼍渥訕?gòu)造下手，依據(jù)短文意思、語(yǔ)法例則、詞語(yǔ)固定搭配等進(jìn)行綜合考慮，對(duì)備選項(xiàng)逐個(gè)進(jìn)行剖析、比較和挑選，清除擾亂項(xiàng)、初步選定答案。前怕狼后怕虎、先易后難、各個(gè)擊破。動(dòng)筆時(shí)要前怕狼后怕虎、通篇考慮、先易后難。對(duì)照較顯然直接的、自己最有掌握的答案

20、先做，一下子不可以確立答案的，先跳過(guò)這一空格，持續(xù)往下做，最后回過(guò)頭來(lái)再集中精力解決難點(diǎn)。這時(shí)可聯(lián)合已確立答案的選項(xiàng)再讀一遍短文，跟著對(duì)短文理解的深入，能夠降低試題的難度，提升選擇的正確率。復(fù)讀全文、逐空考證、填補(bǔ)疏忽。達(dá)成各道題選擇后，把所選的答案代入原文，再把全文通讀一篇，逐空仔細(xì)復(fù)查?？此x定的答案能否使短文意思前后連接、理所應(yīng)當(dāng)，語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造能否正確，能否切合習(xí)慣表達(dá)法。如發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤答案或有疑問(wèn)的，應(yīng)再次斟酌、頻頻商酌、做出修正。完形填空試題的一般解題思路是：跳過(guò)空格、通讀短文、認(rèn)識(shí)粗心。解題時(shí)先跳過(guò)空格，通讀完形填空的短文，認(rèn)識(shí)全篇的內(nèi)容和主旨。要重視首句，擅長(zhǎng)以首句的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣為立足點(diǎn)，

21、理清文脈，推斷全文主題及粗心。復(fù)讀短文、確立語(yǔ)義、判斷詞形。掌握短文粗心后再仔細(xì)復(fù)讀短文，利用上下文的語(yǔ)境，聯(lián)合所學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)，先確立空格地方需詞語(yǔ)的意義，再依據(jù)空格在句子中的地點(diǎn)，判斷其在句中充任的成分，進(jìn)而確立所填詞的詞性，再依照詞語(yǔ)搭配和語(yǔ)法例則，判斷所填的詞的正確形式。三讀短文、上下參照、考證答案。在短文的每一空白處填上一個(gè)詞后，將達(dá)成的短文再細(xì)讀一遍，上下參照，連接思慮。把所填的答案放入短文中進(jìn)行查驗(yàn)，可從上、下文內(nèi)容能否協(xié)調(diào)一致、理所應(yīng)當(dāng)，語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造能否正確無(wú)誤等進(jìn)行綜合考證，凡有疑問(wèn)一定從頭斟酌考慮。（三）課文閱讀指導(dǎo)初中閱讀閱讀理解能力1）理解主旨要義2）理解文中詳細(xì)信息3）依據(jù)上

22、下文猜想生詞的意義4）做出簡(jiǎn)單判斷的推理5）理解文章的基本構(gòu)造6）理解作者的企圖和態(tài)度培育優(yōu)秀閱讀習(xí)慣1）擴(kuò)大視距2）戰(zhàn)勝聲讀3）戰(zhàn)勝逐字讀猜想詞文1）經(jīng)過(guò)標(biāo)題或主題句進(jìn)行展望2）文章的標(biāo)題或主題句可包含作者的企圖和偏向、篇章的整體意義和深層意義，所以經(jīng)過(guò)文章標(biāo)題或主題句進(jìn)行展望，以便正確理解。3）經(jīng)過(guò)語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)記進(jìn)行展望4）語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)記包含關(guān)系詞、變換詞也包含其余重點(diǎn)詞。5）利用背景知識(shí)展望6）利用圖片進(jìn)行展望實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練（答題時(shí)間：80分鐘）一.選擇填空。（）1.Beijingwonthechances_the2008Olympics.D.hosted（）2.TigerWoodscanmakebill

23、ions_dollarsayear.（）3.Youlookedsobeautifulattheparty._.A.No,IdontthinksoB.OfcourseC.ThankyouverymuchD.No,Imnotbeautiful（）4.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare_newwordsinit.（）5.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_“WhoMovedMycheese”wasaninterestingbook.（）6.InourEnglishstudyreadingismoreinterestingtha

24、nspeaking,Ithink.Idontagree.Speakingis_reading.C.themoreimportantD.themostimportant（）7.Ifhe_harder,hellcatchupwithus.（）8.Themanager_thatthebusinesswouldbeworseafterthestock（股票）wentdown.D.spoke（）9.Weshouldkeep_inthereading-room.D.quickly（）10.Ithinkeverythinggoesonwell._.A.SoIdoB.IdosoC.SodoID.SoisI（）

25、11.IfyouwanttowatchTV,youmayturn_.A.downB.itonC.onitD.itoff（）12.ImsorryIhaventgotanymoney.Ive_myhandbagathome.A.missedB.leftC.putD.forgotten（）13.Heislisteningtothemusic_sheiswashingclothes.A.afterB.beforeC.thatD.while（）14.Ittakes_timetogotoBeijingbyplanethanbytrain.A.moreB.fewerC.longerD.less（）15.Ex

26、cuseme.Haveyougotaneraser?Sorry,Ihavent.Why_youaskMary?Perhapsshesgotone.A.doB.dontC.didD.didnt二.選擇適合的答語(yǔ)。_1.WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOlanded?_2.Willpeopleusepapermoneyinthefuture?A.Yourteacherwontletyouin.B.HesaidIcouldntstayoutlate._3.Icantsleep,whatshouldIdo?_4.IfIwearjeanstoschool,whatwillhappen?

27、_5.Whatdidyourfathersay?三.依據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填空：C.Iwasdoingmyhomework.D.No,theywont.Everyonewillhaveacreditcard.E.Youshouldlistentosomerelaxingmusic.不知道該怎么辦，你能給我點(diǎn)建議嗎？Idontknow_todo,canyougivemesome_?外星人正在買(mǎi)紀(jì)念品的時(shí)候，我給警察打了個(gè)電話。Whilethealienwas_asouvenir,I_thepolice.我放學(xué)回家的路上，看見(jiàn)一只貓從窗戶里跑了出來(lái)。Onmywayhomefromschool,Isawaca

28、tget_awindow.我不想在電話里跟你討論這件事情。Idontwanttotalk_itwithyou_thephone.我們要在周五夜晚為約翰舉辦一個(gè)欣喜的晚會(huì)。Wearegoingtohavea_partyforJohn_Fridayevening.四.完形填空：把下邊五個(gè)句子放在文章中的適合地點(diǎn)，使文章完好。Threemenwentupinaballoon（氣球）.TheystartedearlyinLondon.TheheadmanwasTed,andtheothertwomenwereDavyandEmilio.1Soontheyheardthesea.Theywerecarr

29、yingtheusualrope（繩索）,anditwashangingdownfromthebasketoftheballoon.Attheendoftheropetheyhadtiedametalbox.Thiscouldholdwater,oritcouldbeempty.So2.Itwasforuseoverthesea.Theywerealsocarryingsomebagsofsand.Afterthesunrose,theballoonwenthigher.Itwentupto3,000metres,and3.Thewaterintheballoonbecameice.Snowf

30、ellpastthemensbasket,andtheycouldseemoresnowontheground4.,butitwashard.Theytriedtobreaktheicysandwiththeirknives,butitwasnoteasy.Theworkwasslowandtheywerestillfalling,sotheyhadtodropsomewholebagsofsand.Oneofthemfellonanicylakeandmadeablackholeintheice.Atlasttheypulledtheboxintothebasket.Itwasstillsn

31、owing;so5.Theyroseto5,100metres!Everythingbecameicy.Theyweresocoldthattheydecidedtoland.TheycamedowninPolandheavilybutsafely.Theyhadtravelled1,797kilometresfromLondon!A.ThementriedtothrowoutsomemoresandB.theywereabletochangeitsweight（重量）C.Theyhadabigballoonandtheywerereadyforalongway.D.theyclimbedto

32、getawayfromthesnowE.theairtherewasverycold五.閱讀理解A）EinsteinWasWaitingforHisFriendOnceEinsteinwaswaitingforoneofhisfriendsonabridge.Hewasthinkingaoblem.Whilehewaswaiting,itbegantorain.Therainkeptonforsometime.WhenEinsteintookoutapieceofpaperfromhispockettowritesomethingdown,thepaperwaswetandthenheknew

33、thatitwasraining.Hisclotheshadbecomewet.Butafterheputthepaperintohispocket,heforgothewasstandingintherainagain.Manyscientistsarenotcarefulwiththeirlives.Thisisbecausetheyaretoocarefulwiththeirstudies.1.WhatdidEinsteindo?Hewas_.WhywasEinsteinonabridge.Becausehewaswritingsomethingonthebridge.Becausehe

34、waswaitingforafriend.C.Becausehewasthinking.3.Itrained_.C.foralongtimeEinstein_andbegantowritesomethingonit.boughtapieceofpaper.tookapieceofpaperfromhiscar.tookoutapieceofpaperfromhispocket.Whichistrue?Einsteinwascarefulwithhiswork.Einsteinwascarefulwithhisclothes.Einsteinwascarefulwithhisfriends.（B）生活中總會(huì)有很多不測(cè)事故發(fā)生，懂得搶救或自救是特別重要的。請(qǐng)閱讀下邊資料，依據(jù)15小題所描繪的救護(hù)方法，從A-G七幅圖中找出與題意相應(yīng)的圖畫(huà)（此題共有七幅圖，你只好選五幅圖，多項(xiàng)選擇不給分。）Ifth