2022年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題聽(tīng)力原文及翻譯(第二套)

1、 Youprobablythinkcollegestudentsareexpertsatsleeping.你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為大學(xué)生是睡眠大師， sleephabits,whichcanbebadforthebodyandthemind.很壞的影響。TexasTechUniversityisevenofferingaclasscalled“ImprovingYourSleepHabits“.得克薩斯理工大學(xué)甚至開(kāi)設(shè)了一門(mén)名為改善你的睡眠習(xí)慣的課程。andcarcrashes.被失眠困擾的人消滅肥胖或心理問(wèn)題的可能性更高，被卷入車(chē)禍大事的幾率更大。Studentswhodon”tgetenoughsle

2、ephavepoorerattendanceandlowergrades.缺乏睡眠的學(xué)生出勤率偏低，成績(jī)相對(duì)較差。On top of all that, a new study published in the journal Learning & Memory finds you areprobablybetteroffsleepingthanmakinglast-minutepreparationsforatest.果。200 名大學(xué)生被指導(dǎo)如何玩一款他們不生疏的視頻玩耍。Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some ski

3、lls when they played again 12hourslater,buttheydidmuchbetteraftergettingagoodnightsleep. 的睡眠之后其次天玩得更好了。So,ifyoureallywanttodoyourjobwell,don”tforgettogetsomesleep.所以，假設(shè)你想做好一份工作，不要忘了睡眠的重要性。1-2。Question1.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?1：聞報(bào)道的主要內(nèi)容是什么？ Question2.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudypublishedinth

4、ejournalLearning&Memory? 2：登載在學(xué)習(xí)與記憶日?qǐng)?bào)上的爭(zhēng)辯覺(jué)察了什么？ forconversationinBritainasthetraditionalcomplainingabouttheweather.超他們長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的吐槽對(duì)象壞天氣了。Meanwhile,therearecomplaintsthatpoorserviceatLondon”smajorairportsisdiscouraging foreignersfromdoingbusinessinBritain.同時(shí)，還有人指責(zé)倫敦幾個(gè)主要機(jī)場(chǎng)糟糕的效勞使得外國(guó)人越來(lái)越不情愿來(lái)英國(guó)做生意。Much of the

5、 criticism is directed at the British Airports Authority, which runs seven majorairports,includingthethreemainonesservingLondon.眾多指責(zé)的焦點(diǎn)是英國(guó)機(jī)場(chǎng)治理局。該機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)營(yíng)著七家大型機(jī)場(chǎng)，其中三家在倫敦。The Competition Commission is now to investigate whether the British Airports Authorityneedstoselloffsomeofitsassets.資產(chǎn)出售。Theideaisthat

6、competitionbetweenrivaloperatorswouldleadtobetterserviceatairports.其目的是通過(guò)加強(qiáng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)來(lái)推動(dòng)機(jī)場(chǎng)效勞質(zhì)量的提升。最近被一家西班牙公司收購(gòu)的英國(guó)機(jī)場(chǎng)治理局，says the root cause of the problem is not the ownership structure but a lack of runway andterminalcapacity,表示問(wèn)題的根源不在于產(chǎn)權(quán)構(gòu)造而在于跑道和航空站容客量缺乏，whichitisaddressingthroughaprogramofheavyinvestment.而

7、他們正在投巨資解決這一問(wèn)題。3-4。Question3.WhatistheCompetitionCommissiongoingtoinvestigate?問(wèn)題 3：競(jìng)爭(zhēng)委員會(huì)將對(duì)什么開(kāi)放調(diào)查？Question 4. What is the root cause of the poor service at British airports according to theBritishAirportsAuthority?問(wèn)題 4：英國(guó)機(jī)場(chǎng)治理局認(rèn)為導(dǎo)致英國(guó)機(jī)場(chǎng)效勞質(zhì)量差的根源問(wèn)題是什么？UnderthelawinMassachusetts,tobaccocompanieshavetomeasu

8、rethe nicotine contentofeverytypeofcigaretteandreporttheresults.馬薩諸塞州法律規(guī)定，煙草公司必需測(cè)量并公布其各類(lèi)香煙中的尼古丁含量。drawsitsconclusion.波士頓公共衛(wèi)生部會(huì)收集并認(rèn)真審查這些數(shù)據(jù)，最終進(jìn)展總結(jié)。Ahundredandsixteenbrandswerelookedatforthestudy.116 個(gè)。92 6 年前。Thebiggestincreasestendedtobeinbrandsthatwerepopularwithyoungsmokers. 而增福最大的是受年輕人寵愛(ài)的品牌。Thatwo

9、rriesthedepartmentbecauseoftheaddictivenatureofnicotine.這令衛(wèi)生部感到擔(dān)憂，由于尼古丁是一種能讓人上癮的物質(zhì)。StandGlance,aprofessorofmedicineinSanFrancisco,explainswhy:舊金山的醫(yī)學(xué)教授斯坦德格蘭斯解釋了緣由： yearago,10%，whichmeansthatiseasiertogethookedandhardertoquit.這就意味著人們會(huì)更簡(jiǎn)潔上癮，戒煙也會(huì)更加困難。thedangersofsmokingandprovidethemwithenoughdetailtoma

10、keaninformeddecision.讓他們?cè)谥榈臓顩r下做出購(gòu)置打算。However, none of them were prepared to comment on this study or discuss the detailednicotinecontentoftheirproducts.“。Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5-7。5：馬薩儲(chǔ)塞州法律對(duì)煙草公司做出了什么規(guī)定？Question6.WhatdowelearnfromthestudybytheDepartmentofPublicHealthin

11、Boston?6：從波士頓公共衛(wèi)生部的爭(zhēng)辯中我們可以知道什么？ 7：從這則聞報(bào)道中我們對(duì)大煙草公司有哪些了解？M:And you know one thing that I wanted to ask you. It is great that you have had thisexperienceofteachinginIndonesiaandfollowinguponwhatyoujustmentioned,whatwould yourecommendforstudentswhodonotliveinanEnglish-speakingcountry?And,youknow, they w

12、ant to learn. I don”t know about perfecting but they want at least to be able tocommunicatedecently.Howcantheygoaboutthis?他們?cè)鯓硬拍茏龅侥?？W: Yeah,itisreallyhard.ThatstherealstrugglebecauserightnowIdoliveinHollandbutI justbasicallyspeakEnglishallthetime.SoIhavetomakearealefforttopractice.There”sas muchlist

13、eningexposureasIwant.AllIhavetodoisturnontheTV.我能夠獲得的聽(tīng)力資源很充分，只要翻開(kāi)電視就可以。M:Andreadingalso,right?男士：還有閱讀，對(duì)嗎？W: Yeah,reading.There”splentyIcangettoreadandlistento.Butforspeaking,therereallyis nosubstitutefortryingtospeakandusethelanguageinarelaxedatmosphere.SoIthinkthatis reallythechallengeforpeoplewhol

14、iveinacountrywheretheirtargetlanguageisn”tspoken. Andforthat,gosh,whatwouldIdo?IfIdidn”thavepeoplehere,probablytrytofindaclub?In Sweden,theyhave a really cool system called study circles where notIt”s like a course, butreallyyoujusthaveacourseleader,whoisthere,sortof,asacoachingguideandtohelpout.And

15、youdon”tgetgrade,andyougojustbecauseyouwanttolearn.對(duì)，閱讀。我能找到的閱讀和聽(tīng)力資料很多。但是至于“說(shuō)”，沒(méi)有什么比能夠讓人放松地應(yīng)用樂(lè)部？在瑞典有一種叫做“學(xué)習(xí)圈”的組織。它就像一種語(yǔ)言班，有班領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，像指導(dǎo)員一樣幫助我們。但是不會(huì)有評(píng)分，大家去那里全靠興趣。Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8-11 題。8：女士現(xiàn)在住在哪里？ 9：女士說(shuō)真正的挑戰(zhàn)是什么？Question10.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingtolearntospeakaf

16、oreignlanguage?關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)“說(shuō)”外語(yǔ)，女士給出了什么建議？ “學(xué)習(xí)圈”女士說(shuō)了什么？liketochange?女士：南森，我們正在爭(zhēng)辯關(guān)于開(kāi)車(chē)的話題，你有沒(méi)有想要改的交通規(guī)章呢？M: I”mnotsureIwanttochangerules.ButI”dlikethepolicetobestricterontherules.Likeif peopledoingthat.Orlikespeeding.Itisveryeasytoputspeedcamerasincertainplaces.裝超速監(jiān)控也很簡(jiǎn)潔啊。W:Maybe car manufacturers should have

17、 some responsibility in limiting the power of theirengines.Whatsthepointinproducinganenginethatisbigandpowerfulenoughtogolike200 km/hwhenthespeedlimitisonly100?100 千米每200 千米每小時(shí)的引擎又有何用呢？M:Right.ButdoyouknowtherearenospeedlimitsinGermany?男士：對(duì)。但是你知道嗎？德國(guó)沒(méi)有車(chē)速限制。are there.Ifthelawisn”tthere,peoplewilldriv

18、ewithin theirabilityrange.Whenyou”vespeedlimit,thiscreatessituationthatactuallypresentsdangersontheroad.有法律，人們都會(huì)量力而行。設(shè)定了限速，反而導(dǎo)致了大路上一些危急狀況的發(fā)生。 男士：你認(rèn)為德國(guó)人對(duì)駕車(chē)責(zé)任感方面的培育比中國(guó)人要好嗎？W: Possibly.Theyalsohaveverygoodcars. M: Right.男士：對(duì)。W: Ifyouvegotagoodcarthatcangoathighspeed,thenit”sreallynicetodothat. M: Butst

19、illwithcare.男士：但是仍舊要慎重。W:SoIthinkitistherestrictionthatcreatesthedangerssometimes.女士：所以我覺(jué)得正正這些制度導(dǎo)致了危急狀況的發(fā)生。M: OK.男士：好吧。havespeedpoliceman.女士：固然，居民區(qū)和校區(qū)這類(lèi)地方需要設(shè)置減速設(shè)施。M:Speedbumps.男士：減速帶。女士：對(duì)，減速帶，它能迫使車(chē)輛減速。我覺(jué)得這個(gè)東西很好。M:Soyoudon”tthinkfiningpeopleisuseful?男士：那你覺(jué)得罰款沒(méi)有用嘍？女士：用處不大，由于警察沒(méi)有時(shí)間對(duì)全部的司機(jī)進(jìn)展一一監(jiān)管。Question

20、s12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12-15 題。12.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?說(shuō)話者爭(zhēng)辯的主要內(nèi)容是什么？13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkcarmanufacturerscoulddo?女士認(rèn)為汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)商能夠做什么？14.WhatcanwelearnaboutpeopledrivinginGermany?對(duì)于人們?cè)诘聡?guó)的駕車(chē)狀況我們了解了什么？15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepolicefiningdrivers?女士對(duì)懲罰司機(jī)的警察有什

21、么看法？ topayforapackofcigarettes.舊金山市中心的一家商店收銀處，山姆阿扎正在用信用卡支付一包香煙的錢(qián)。luck.商店的讀卡器無(wú)法識(shí)別他卡上的詞條，阿扎試了又試，總是不行。眼看顧客們開(kāi)頭排隊(duì)，阿扎在收銀臺(tái)后面拿出了一個(gè)黑色的塑料袋。Hewrappedonelayeroftheplasticaroundthecardandtriedagain.Success.他把卡用一層塑料包起來(lái)然后有刷了一次，這次成功了。trickfromanotherclerk.那里學(xué)來(lái)的小竅門(mén)。Verifone,thecompanythatmakesthestore”scardreader,wo

22、uldnotconfirmordenythatthe plasticbagtrickworked.這家商店讀卡機(jī)的生產(chǎn)商，惠爾豐，對(duì)這種塑料袋技巧的成效不置可否。But it”s one of many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures that people without engineeringdegreeshavediscoveredoftenoutofdesperation，andshared.人共享。這只是其中之一。Today”sshakyeconomyislikelytoproducemanymoresuchtricks.如今不穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟(jì)可

23、能會(huì)催生更多這種小竅門(mén)。“Inpost -warJapan,theeconomywasn”tdoingsogreatsoyoucouldn”tgeteverydaylikehouseholdcleaners,“戰(zhàn)后日本經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣，所以人們買(mǎi)不到一些日用器具，比方家用清潔器。”says Lisa Katayama, author of Urawaza, a book named after the Japanese term for cleverlifestyletipsandtricks.裏技的作者片山麗薩說(shuō)。“裏技”在日語(yǔ)中是聰明的生活貼士和技巧的意思?！八匀藗兙蜁?huì)用現(xiàn)有的東西想方法?！眘

24、uppliesassimpleaspaperandglue.Some,likeMr.Azar”splasticbag,areopentoargumentastohowtheyworkorwhetherthey reallyworkatall.其中一些和阿扎先生包塑料袋的竅門(mén)一樣，其工作原理和成效飽受爭(zhēng)議。但很多“丹方”是可以用科學(xué)解釋的。Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 16-18 題。Question16.WhathappenedwhenSamAzarswipedhiscreditcardtopayforhispurch

25、ase?Question17.HowdidSamAzarmanagetocompletethesale?阿扎是如何完成交易的？ Ifyouareagraduatestudent,youmaydependonyouradviserformanythings,假設(shè)你是一名爭(zhēng)辯生，那么你會(huì)在很多方面需要導(dǎo)師的幫助，including help with improving grades, acquiring financial support, forming an examiningcommitteeandgettinglettersofrecommendation.包括提高成績(jī)、申請(qǐng)助學(xué)資金、組

26、建審核委員會(huì)以及寫(xiě)推舉信。而假設(shè)你是爭(zhēng)辯生助教，那么你的導(dǎo)師也就是你的“老板”了。Academic departments vary in their procedures for assigning academic advisers to graduatestudents.各個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)院系為爭(zhēng)辯生安排導(dǎo)師的機(jī)制不同。thefirstsemesterasanewstudentadviser.在一些院系，系主任至少要在生的第一學(xué)期擔(dān)當(dāng)導(dǎo)師。之后，學(xué)生依據(jù)學(xué)術(shù)興趣選擇導(dǎo)師。In other departments, a new student is assigned a faculty advise

27、r based on some system ofdistributionofthedepartment”s“advisingload“.另外一些院系則有某種導(dǎo)師安排體系，這種體系的安排原則以“指導(dǎo)量”為根底。Later,studentsmayhavetheopportunityofselectingtheadviserthattheyprefer.之后，學(xué)生可以依據(jù)自己的喜好選擇導(dǎo)師。visitingoremailingthedepartmentalofficeandaskingfortheinformation.導(dǎo)師或者臨時(shí)導(dǎo)師的信息。Graduationrequirementsspeci

28、fythenumberofcreditsyoumustearn,畢業(yè)要求中寫(xiě)明白你需要修的學(xué)分總數(shù)、havefromamongdifferingdepartmentsorfieldsofstudy.必需取得的平均學(xué)分績(jī)點(diǎn)的下限、以及在各院系或?qū)W科需修學(xué)分的分布狀況。In addition,itisnecessarytoapplyforgraduation when younearthattimethatyouwillbecompletingyourgraduationrequirements.另外，你的各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)馬上到達(dá)畢業(yè)要求前，你必需向?qū)W校申請(qǐng)畢業(yè)。 BulletinofInformatio

29、n.由于大學(xué)各科系的畢業(yè)要求不同，你需要查閱信息手冊(cè)。你還應(yīng)當(dāng)就這些問(wèn)題向系辦公室或?qū)W業(yè)導(dǎo)師請(qǐng)教。Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19-21 題。 Question20.Howcannewgraduatestudentslearnwhotheiradvisersare? JodyHubbardisadietandnutritionexpertwhotravelsaroundthestatetospeakinmiddleandhighschools.喬迪哈伯德是一位飲食養(yǎng)分專(zhuān)家，她經(jīng)常到本州各所初高中學(xué)校去做演講。 hertospeaktoseveraldifferentgroupsofgirls.HerbiggestconcernistheemphasisAmericancultureplacesonthinnessandthenegativeway thataffectsgirlstoday.她最大的擔(dān)憂是美國(guó)社會(huì)對(duì)瘦的重視以及這對(duì)現(xiàn)在女學(xué)生帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。喬迪獲得了養(yǎng)分學(xué)博士學(xué)位，但更重要的是她的個(gè)人閱歷。Hermothertaughthertodietwhenshewasonly8yearsold.她八