過去分詞用法詳解課件

1、A動詞的過去分詞的否定形式動詞的過去分詞的否定形式是由not加動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。_, he had to wait outside. 不允許他進(jìn)去，他只好在外面等著。B動詞的過去分詞的特征1動詞的過去分詞有時同時帶有被動和完成的意義。_, he was interested in biology. 由于在農(nóng)村出生并長大，他對生物很感興趣。One of the glasses was found _. 有人發(fā)現(xiàn)其中一個杯子破了。The books, _, are popular with many Chinese people. 魯迅寫的這些書，受到了許多中國人的喜愛。Not allowed

2、to go inBorn and brought up in the countrysidebrokenwritten by Lu XunA動詞的過去分詞的否定形式Not allowed to g2及物動詞的過去分詞表示被動的意思。_, I could have solved that riddle. 要是有充足的時間，我就能猜出那個謎語。 When you speak English, be sure to _. 你說英語的時候，一定要讓人懂得你的意思。 The experience _ was of great value to our study. 在軍隊獲得的經(jīng)驗對我們的學(xué)習(xí)很有幫助。

3、3不及物動詞的過去分詞只表示完成的意思，并不帶有被動的含義。Given enough time make yourself understood gained in the army逃犯退休工人新來的客人落葉升起的太陽 an escaped prisoner a retired worker a newly arrived guest fallen leaves the risen sun=a prisoner who has escaped=a worker who has retired=a guest who has just arrived=leaves which have fall

4、en=the sun which has risen2及物動詞的過去分詞表示被動的意思。Given enoug一般說來現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別主要表現(xiàn)在“時態(tài)”和“語態(tài)”兩個方面。 時間方面：現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動作，而過去分詞則表示完成的動作。開水_正沸騰的水_發(fā)達(dá)國家_發(fā)展中國家_落葉_正在飄落的葉子_語態(tài)方面現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動的意思，所修飾的人或物是分詞動作的執(zhí)行者；過去分詞表示被動意思，所修飾的人或物是分詞動作的承受著。一個激動人心的電影_激動的觀眾_我聽到有人正在關(guān)門。_我聽到門被關(guān)上了。_boiled waterboiling waterdeveloped countriesdev

5、eloping countriesfallen leavesfalling leavesan exciting film (a film that excites people )excited audiences (audiences who are excited by) I heard someone closing the door .I heard the door closed .一般說來現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別主要表現(xiàn)在“時態(tài)”和“語態(tài)”過去分詞作定語：1前置定語單個的動詞的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞之前。A watched pot never boils. 心急鍋不開。

6、（潮汕話版本：等水賣滾，等仔賣大。）_ have been repaired. 所有的壞門窗都修好了。但也有后置的情況，例如：_ is not for you, but for my son.剩下的食物不是給你的，而是留給我兒子的。2后置定語分詞短語作定語一般放在所修飾的詞之后，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。We have read many novels _. 我們讀過這個作家寫的許多小說。（= that are written by this author）A woman, _, came in and took her seat as a judge. 一個律師裝扮的女人走了進(jìn)來，并作為法官就座。

7、(= who was dressed like a lawyer)All the broken doors and windowsThe food leftwritten by this authordressed like a lawyer過去分詞作定語：All the broken doors a1.The chemistry teacher, _ by many students, went into the laboratory.A. followed B. following C. to follow D. to be followed2.The USA is a _ country

8、.A. developing B. developed C. to develop D. develop3. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying4. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.first playing B. to be first played C. first

9、played D. to be first playing5. I dont know the girl _ in the destroyed building because of the earthquake.A. to catch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching AB B C B1.The chemistry teacher, _【1】 Can those _ at the back of the classroom hear me?No problem. （2008福建卷）A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat【2

10、】The trees _ in the storm have been moved off the road. （2008湖南卷）being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D to blow down【3】We finished the run in less than half the time _.（2008江西卷）A. allowing B. to allow C. allowed D. allows【4】“Things _ never come again!” I couldnt help talking to myself.（200

11、7湖南卷）A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. have lost【5】Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _ from the library.(2010全國卷1)A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing C B C AC【1】 Can those _ at the ba【6】Im calling to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily.（2010北京卷） advert

12、ised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised【7】 A great number of _ students said they were forced to practise the piano. （2010四川卷）to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning AC【6】Im calling to enquire abou過去分詞作狀語動詞的過去分詞作狀語和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語一樣，也可以表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。1表示時間：動

13、詞的-ed形式作狀語表示時間，相當(dāng)于一個時間狀語從句。_, the city looks beautiful. 從塔上往下看，城市顯得很美麗。（= When the city is seen from the tower.）_, we were taken to see the library. 帶我們參觀了實驗室之后，又帶我們參觀了圖書館。（= After we had been shown the lab.）2. 表示原因：動詞的-ed形式作狀語表示原因，相當(dāng)于一個原因狀語從句。_, the children couldnt help crying. 孩子們被英雄事跡感動，情不自禁地哭了起

14、來。（= Since they were moved by the heroic deeds .）_, her letter is very hard to read. 因為寫得匆忙，她的信很難閱讀。（=As it was written in a hurry .）Seen from the towerShown the labMoved by the heroic deedsWritten in a hurry過去分詞作狀語Seen from the towerShow3. 表示條件動詞的-ed形式作狀語表示條件，相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句。_, water changes into steam

15、. 加熱，水就能變成蒸汽。（= If water is heated.）_, he would be able to do better. 假如多給一些時間，他會干得更出色。（= If he was given more time .）4. 表示讓步動詞的-ed形式作狀語表示讓步，相當(dāng)于一個though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。_, they went on running after the robber. 盡管已經(jīng)跑得筋疲力盡，他們還是繼續(xù)追趕著那個強盜。（= Although they were exhausted by the running .）_, he continu

16、ed his research. 盡管被許多人嘲笑，他還是繼續(xù)他的研究。（= Even if he was laughed at by many people .）HeatedGiven more timeExhausted by the runningLaughed at by many people3. 表示條件HeatedGiven more timeEx5表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明。動詞的-ed形式作狀語表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明時，通常位于句子的后面，相當(dāng)于一個并列分句。The teacher stood there, _. 老師站在那兒，被學(xué)生圍住了。（= and he

17、 was surrounded by the students）He went into the office, _. 他走進(jìn)辦公室，后面跟著一些孩子。(= and he was followed by some children.)surrounded by the studentsfollowed by some children5表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明。surrounded 考例1. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.Being founded B. It

18、 was founded C. Founded D. Founding考例 2. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player.Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given【高考鏈接1】_ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog. (2009北京卷)Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten【高考鏈接2】_ by a greater

19、 demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.（2007浙江卷）A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having drivenCD B A考例1. _ in 1636, Harva【3】The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _ every day.（2007四川卷）A. watered B. watering B. water D. to water【4】We all know that, _, the situati

20、on will get worse. （2007全國卷I）A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with【5】_ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.（2010陜西卷）A. Seen B. Seeing C. Have seen D. To see【6】_ by the advance

21、s in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.（2009天津）Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged【7】_not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. （2009福建）Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having remindedA B A C B【3】T

22、he flowers his friend gave過去分詞作賓語補足語：當(dāng)作賓語補足語的動詞和前面的賓語之間是被動關(guān)系時，一般應(yīng)用動詞的-ed形式作賓語的補足語。1在感覺動詞see, hear, feel, notice, watch, find后作賓語補足語。I heard the Ninth Symphony _. 昨晚我聽了第九交響樂的演奏。We found all the rivers _. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的河流都被嚴(yán)重污染了。He felt his collar _. 他感覺到衣領(lǐng)被人從后面拉了一下。played last nightseriously pollutedpulled

23、by someone from behind過去分詞作賓語補足語：played last nightse2在使役動詞get, have, make, leave, keep等后作賓語補足語。Keep your mouth _ and your eyes open.少說多看。Doris got her bad tooth _ in the hospital. 多麗絲在醫(yī)院把壞牙拔了。He raised his voice in order to make himself _. 他提高了嗓門為了使別人聽清他的講話。 They all went home, leaving all the work

24、_. 所有的工作都沒完成，他們就回家了。The detective and his assistant kept themselves _ in the room all night. 偵探和他的助手把自己整夜反鎖在房間里。3過去分詞也可用在with（without）結(jié)構(gòu)中，作賓語補足語。_, he left the office. 一切都安排妥善之后，他離開了辦公室。_, we couldnt finish the task in three weeks. 因為沒再給我們?nèi)魏螘r間，我們?nèi)瞧谥畠?nèi)完成不了任務(wù)。shutpulled outheardundonelockedWith everyt

25、hing well arrangedWithout any more time given2在使役動詞get, have, make, leave,考例1.The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _.hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard考例2.The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back.A. being tied B. having tiedC. to be tied D. tied考例3.The yo

26、ung teacher is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his erested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest考例 4.The criminal, with his hands _ back, was sent to the police station.A. tied B. tie C. to tie D. tying DD A A考例1.The speaker raised his v【高考鏈接1】To

27、learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can.（2008江蘇卷）A. speak. B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak【高考鏈接2】He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures. （2007江蘇卷）A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest【高考

28、鏈接3】Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _ in a short period.（2007福建卷）A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve【高考鏈接4】To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can.（2008江蘇卷）A. speak. B. speaking C. spoken D.

29、to speakCA AC【高考鏈接1】To learn English well, 【高考鏈接5】A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left _.(NMET2006天津卷)unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied【高考鏈接6】Alexander tried to get his work _in the medical circles.（2010遼寧

30、卷）A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized【高考鏈接7】The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked.（2010山東卷）A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid【高考鏈接8】Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues _ with her stories.（2010

31、上海卷）A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amusedA D A A【高考鏈接5】A good story does not n過去分詞作表語同一動詞的過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作表語時的區(qū)別： 過去分詞作表語，其主語通常是人，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或表示主語對某事的感覺，意思是“（某人）的”；而現(xiàn)在分詞其主語通常是物，表示主語的特征，意思是“令人的”。常用作表語的過去分詞有：interested, moved, discouraged, amused, astonished, surprised, frightened, excited, moved,

32、inspired, pleased; tired, worried, hurt, crowded, gone, broken, dressed, wounded, injured等。 These problems are very _. 這些問題很令人迷惑。We are much _ by his failure to reply. 他不給我們回信使我們百思不得其解。His speech was very _. 他的演講非常感人。All the people present were _. 在場的所有人都被感動得流淚了。puzzledmovingmoved to tearspuzzling過去

33、分詞作表語puzzledmovingmoved to t考例 As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends.A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed【高考鏈接1】Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop.(2009四川卷)A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat【高考鏈接2】Tom sounds very much _ in the job,

34、 but Im not sure whether he can manage it.（2006安徽卷）A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly【高考鏈接3】Sara, hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party. (NMET2004全國卷1)A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change【高考鏈接4】Though_ to see us, the professo

35、r gave us a warm welcome.（2010全國卷2）A. surprising B. was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised【高考鏈接5 】In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.（2010福建卷）A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck A A AA CB考例 As we joined the big crow 分詞可以有意義上的邏輯主語，通常由名詞或代詞充當(dāng)，置于分詞之前，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，分詞獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)不是句子，因為沒有實際的主語和謂語，該結(jié)構(gòu)一般可以放在句首或句尾，作狀語，表示時間、原因、方式等。_, we went home. 一切事情都做完了，我們就回家了。_, Henry had to find another job. 錢都用完了，亨利不得不再找一份工作。 He was lying on the grass, _ _. 他躺在草地上，頭枕著雙手。_, th