matlab GUI 設(shè)計(簡易科學(xué)計算器)

1、 15/15matlab GUI 設(shè)計(簡易科學(xué)計算器) M A T L A B 大 作 業(yè) 班級： 姓名： 學(xué)號： 計算器 題目 本題目通過MATLAB的gui程序設(shè)計較為簡單，在gui設(shè)計中主要用到三種控件，文本編輯框（edit text），靜態(tài)文本框（Static text），命令按鈕（push button）。然后在通過各個按鈕的回調(diào)函數(shù)，實現(xiàn)簡單的計算功能。 1、功能介紹 (1)具有友好的用戶圖形界面。實現(xiàn)十進(jìn)制數(shù)的加、減、乘、除、乘方、開方等簡單計算。 (2)具有科學(xué)計算函數(shù)，包括(反)正弦、(反)余弦、(反)正切、(反)余切、開方、指數(shù)等函數(shù)運行。（注：三角函數(shù)計算的是弧度而不是

2、角度）。 (3)有清除鍵，能清除操作。 2、功能實現(xiàn) 程序由兩個部分組成：MATLAB代碼（.m文件）和GUI圖形（.fig）。 程序使用的流程：直接利用圖形界面中的按鍵鍵入所需數(shù)值、運算符等即可得出結(jié)果。 備注：軟件版本：MATLAB 2011b 首先用MATLAB GUI功能，在繪制一個靜態(tài)文本框和一個文本編輯框，以及33個命令按鈕，調(diào)整好各控件大小、顏色，整體布局如圖所示：（附錄中有相關(guān)屬性修改介紹） 然后通過雙擊各個按鈕來改寫其屬性，在m文件中編寫其回調(diào)函數(shù)，最后在運行調(diào)試。 2.1 各功能界面設(shè)計 GUI設(shè)計界面：注：底部邊框用（Panel）工具添加，有兩種設(shè)計順序。（1、先加底部邊

3、框，再在底部邊框上畫功能鍵。2、先畫功能鍵，布好局，畫底框，全選功能鍵拖動到底框上。） 2.2 各功能模塊實現(xiàn)（可根據(jù)需要增減功能鍵） 算法設(shè)計： 1. 數(shù)字鍵設(shè)計：09以及小數(shù)點函數(shù)都一樣，只是參數(shù)不同： 例如：按鍵1響應(yīng)： global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,1); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; 2. 四則運算函數(shù)： +功能響應(yīng)： text

4、String = get(handles.text1,String); textString =strcat(textString,+); set(handles.text1,String,textString) -功能響應(yīng)： textString = get(handles.text1,String); textString =strcat(textString,-); set(handles.text1,String,textString) 功能響應(yīng)： textString = get(handles.text1,String); textString =strcat(textString

5、,*); set(handles.text1,String,textString) 功能響應(yīng)： textString = get(handles.text1,String); textString =strcat(textString,/); set(handles.text1,String,textString) 3. 科學(xué)計算函數(shù)： 例如：sin功能響應(yīng)： textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(te

6、xtString, %f); a=sin(a); set(handles.text1,String,a) end 4. 退格鍵(DEL)：通過取屏幕值，計算出其字符長度，然后取其前N-1項的值來實現(xiàn)退格： global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else ss=char(textString); l=length(textString); textString=ss(1:l-1); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; 5.

7、 清屏鍵函數(shù)(AC)： set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; 2.3 各模塊程序添加方法 選中一個需添加程序的功能鍵，右擊，View Callbacks，Callback，出現(xiàn)如下圖所示界面。（紅色框中為所需添加的程序）其他功能鍵添加方法類似。 2.4 各模塊實現(xiàn)結(jié)果 （1）數(shù)字鍵： （2）四則運算函數(shù): （3）科學(xué)計算函數(shù)：Cos0的計算結(jié)果： arctan2的計算結(jié)果： 經(jīng)過計算，這些結(jié)果均與實際結(jié)果相吻合，計算器的功能實現(xiàn)的較為完好。 3、程序總結(jié)： （1）小數(shù)點可以連續(xù)輸入。解決方法是：用strfind函數(shù)查看文本框里有幾個小數(shù)點，如果已經(jīng)有一個了，再按小數(shù)點就

8、保持不變。 （2）按過運算符號后一個數(shù)不等于一個數(shù)，比如：輸入1，按等號，會出來一個3，經(jīng)過長時間分析得知，這是由于在按運算符號時，系統(tǒng)記錄了文本框里的數(shù)但沒有清空，才會出現(xiàn)這種問題。解決方法是再申請一個不同于加減乘除的另一個符號，并將按過運算符后記錄的數(shù)值置0。 4、心得體會： 通過本次的MATLAB課程設(shè)計，讓我對MATLAB尤其是其GUI設(shè)計的功能有了進(jìn)一步的了解，認(rèn)識到了它功能的強(qiáng)大。在MATLAB簡單計算器的設(shè)計中，了解了關(guān)于MATLAB圖形用戶界面的部分控件的使用方法；利用MATLAB的GUI提供的很多實用的控件，方便用于設(shè)計屬于自己的圖形界面和自己所需要實現(xiàn)的功能。 5、附錄：

9、（1）功能塊屬性修改表（雙擊功能塊可進(jìn)入） （2）主要程序 function varargout = untitled(varargin) %UNTITLED M-file for untitled.fig % UNTITLED, by itself, creates a new UNTITLED or raises the existing % singleton*. % % H = UNTITLED returns the handle to a new UNTITLED or the handle to % the existing singleton*. % % UNTITLED(Pr

10、operty,Value,.) creates a new UNTITLED using the % given property value pairs. Unrecognized properties are passed via % varargin to untitled_OpeningFcn. This calling syntax produces a % warning when there is an existing singleton*. % % UNTITLED(CALLBACK) and UNTITLED(CALLBACK,hObject,.) call the % l

11、ocal function named CALLBACK in UNTITLED.M with the given input % arguments. % % *See GUI Options on GUIDEs Tools menu. Choose GUI allows only one % instance to run (singleton). % % See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES % Edit the above text to modify the response to help untitled % Last Modified by

12、GUIDE v2.5 19-Dec-2013 11:25:45 % Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT gui_Singleton = 1; gui_State = struct(gui_Name, mfilename, . gui_Singleton, gui_Singleton, . gui_OpeningFcn, untitled_OpeningFcn, . gui_OutputFcn, untitled_OutputFcn, . gui_LayoutFcn, , . gui_Callback, ); if nargin end if narg

13、out varargout1:nargout = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:); else gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:); end % End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT % Executes just before untitled is made visible. function untitled_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin) % This function has no output args, see

14、 OutputFcn. % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % varargin unrecognized PropertyName/PropertyValue pairs from the % command line (see VARARGIN) % Choose default command line output

15、for untitled handles.output = hObject; % Update handles structure guidata(hObject, handles); % UIWAIT makes untitled wait for user response (see UIRESUME) % uiwait(handles.figure1); global jj ; set(handles.text1,String,0.); jj=0; % Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. functio

16、n varargout = untitled_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT); % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Get default com

17、mand line output from handles structure varargout1 = handles.output; % Executes on button press in pushbutton1. function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure

18、 with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,1); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; % Executes on button press in pushbutton2. function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, h

19、andles) % hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,2); set(

20、handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; % Executes on button press in pushbutton3. function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user dat

21、a (see GUIDATA) global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,3); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; % Executes on button press in pushbutton4. function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle t

22、o pushbutton4 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,4); set(handles.text1,String,textS

23、tring) end jj=0; % Executes on button press in pushbutton5. function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton5 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global jj

24、textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,5); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; % Executes on button press in pushbutton6. function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO) %

25、 eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,6); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; % Execute

26、s on button press in pushbutton7. function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global jj textString = get(handles.t

27、ext1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,7); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; % Executes on button press in pushbutton8. function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to b

28、e defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,8); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; % Executes on button press in pushb

29、utton9. function pushbutton9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(te

30、xtString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,9); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; % Executes on button press in pushbutton10. function pushbutton10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future v

31、ersion of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else textString =strcat(textString,0); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; % Executes on button press in pushbutton12. function pushb

32、utton12_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton12 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(

33、handles.text1,String,0.) ; jj=1; else textString =strcat(textString,.); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton13. function pushbutton13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton13 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in

34、 a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); textString =strcat(textString,/); set(handles.text1,String,textString) % Executes on button press in pushbutton14. function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handl

35、es) % hObject handle to pushbutton14 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,() ; else textString =strcat(te

36、xtString,(); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton16. function pushbutton16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton16 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handle

37、s and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,) ; else textString =strcat(textString,); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton17. function pushbutton17_Callback(hObject, eventdata,

38、 handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton17 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); textString =strcat(textString,-); set(handles.text1,String,textString) % Execu

39、tes on button press in pushbutton18. function pushbutton18_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton18 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,

40、String); % if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) % set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; % else % pushbutton20 b c = strread(textString, %f %c %f); % clear ans; % % switch b % case * % ans=pushbutton20*c; % case / % if (c=0) % ans=Error Divided by zero; % else % ans=pushbutton20/c; % end % case - % ans=pushbutton20-

41、c; % case + % ans=pushbutton20+c; % % end ans =eval(textString); set(handles.text1,String,ans) % Executes on button press in pushbutton19. function pushbutton19_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton19 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version

42、of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); textString =strcat(textString,+); set(handles.text1,String,textString) % Executes on button press in pushbutton20. function pushbutton20_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject hand

43、le to pushbutton20 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); %strcmp(textString,0.) if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(tex

44、tString, %f); a=acot(a); set(handles.text1,String,a) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton21. function pushbutton21_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton21 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with han

45、dles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); %strcmp(textString,0.) if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(textString, %f); a=sin(a); set(handles.text1,String,a) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton22. function pushbutton22_Cal

46、lback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton22 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); %strcmp(textString,0.) if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) se

47、t(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(textString, %f); a=cos(a); set(handles.text1,String,a) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton23. function pushbutton23_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton23 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a futur

48、e version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); %strcmp(textString,0.) if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(textString, %f); a=tan(a); set(handles.text1,String,a) end % Executes on button

49、press in pushbutton24. function pushbutton24_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton24 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); %strc

50、mp(textString,0.) if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(textString, %f); a=log2(a); set(handles.text1,String,a) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton26. function pushbutton26_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton26 (see GCBO

51、) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); %strcmp(textString,0.) if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(textString, %f); a=log10(a); se

52、t(handles.text1,String,a) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton27. function pushbutton27_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton27 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUI

53、DATA) global jj textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) else ss=char(textString); l=length(textString); textString=ss(1:l-1); set(handles.text1,String,textString) end jj=0; % Executes on button press in pushbutton28. function pushbutton28_Callback(hObject, eventdata, hand

54、les) % hObject handle to pushbutton28 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; % Executes on button press in pushbutton29. function pushbutton29_Callback(hObject, eventdat

55、a, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton29 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(

56、textString, %f); a=asin(a); set(handles.text1,String,a) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton30. function pushbutton30_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton30 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with

57、handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); %strcmp(textString,0.) if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(textString, %f); a=cot(a); set(handles.text1,String,a) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton31. function pushbutton31_

58、Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton31 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); %strcmp(textString,0.) if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1)

59、 set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(textString, %f); a=a*a; set(handles.text1,String,a) end % Executes on button press in pushbutton32. function pushbutton32_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton32 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a futur

60、e version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,String); %strcmp(textString,0.) if(strcmp(textString,0.)=1) set(handles.text1,String,0.) ; else a = strread(textString, %f); a=acos(a); set(handles.text1,String,a) end % Executes on button