助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、助動(dòng)詞和神態(tài)動(dòng)詞講課目標(biāo)：認(rèn)識(shí)助動(dòng)詞和神態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法講課要點(diǎn)：神態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法講課難點(diǎn)：神態(tài)動(dòng)詞+達(dá)成式學(xué)時(shí)數(shù)：一、助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞自己無詞義，它但是用來幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~組成各樣時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣以及否認(rèn)和疑問構(gòu)造，助動(dòng)詞共有5個(gè)：be,have,shall,do,will。下邊分別表達(dá)這五個(gè)助動(dòng)詞的用法：.be的形式和用法助動(dòng)詞be有八種形式：縮略否認(rèn)必然式縮略必然式否認(rèn)式式原形be此刻式第一人稱單數(shù)ammarentamnotmnot此刻式第三人稱單數(shù)he,she,itissisntisnotsnot此刻式第二人稱單、復(fù)數(shù)和第arerearent一、三人稱復(fù)數(shù)you,we,theyarenotrenot

2、過去式第一、三人稱單數(shù)I,he,waswasnotwasntshe,it過去式第二人稱單、復(fù)數(shù)和第werewere一、三人稱復(fù)數(shù)you,we,theywerentnot此刻分詞beingnotbeing過去分詞beennotbeenNote:在英國(guó)英語中，arent使用很寬泛。在美國(guó)英語中使用好多的是被認(rèn)為非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的aint。助動(dòng)詞be的主要用法是：1.與此刻分詞組成各樣進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)及與have和此刻分詞組成達(dá)成進(jìn)前進(jìn)態(tài)FearofcrimeisslowlyparalyzingAmericansociety.犯法懼怕癥正漸漸地使用美國(guó)社會(huì)陷于癱瘓。Thetelephonehadbeenringing

3、forthreeminutesbeforeitwasanswereD.電話鈴響了三分鐘才有人接。與過去分詞組成被動(dòng)語態(tài)Hewasanardentfighterforfreedomandindependence.Hewaslovedbymillionsandhatedonlybyahandful.他是個(gè)爭(zhēng)取自由和獨(dú)立的熱忱戰(zhàn)士，為成百萬人所敬愛，為但是一小撮人所怨恨。TheycametoEuropewheretheirmotherhadbeeneducatedandstayedthreeyears.他們到達(dá)他們的母親受教育的歐洲，并待了三年。其余，be還可用作連系動(dòng)詞，如：Itwasoneoft

4、hehappiestafternoonshehadeverspent.那是他有生以來最快樂的一個(gè)下午。.have的形式和用法助動(dòng)詞have有五種形式：必然式縮略必然式否認(rèn)式縮略否認(rèn)式原形havevehavenothaventvenot此刻式第三人稱單hasshasnothasnt數(shù)snot此刻式第三人稱單hasshasnothasnt數(shù)snot過去式haddhadnothadntdnot此刻分詞havingnothaving過去分詞had助動(dòng)詞have的主要用法是：與過去分詞組成各樣達(dá)成時(shí)態(tài)Newtonhasexplainedthemovmentsofthemoonfromtheattract

5、ionsoftheearth.牛頓說了然月球遇到地球引力而運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的規(guī)律。Reluctantly,sheopenedthedoor,shehadnotkeptitlocked;therehadbeennoneed.她牽強(qiáng)地開了門。她沒有鎖門，也沒有必需鎖門。與been+此刻分詞組成各樣達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)Menhavebeendiggingsaltoutofitforsixhundredyearsandyetthereseemsasmuchleftasever.人們?cè)谶@里掘鹽已六年，但鹽憂如仍是那么多。InanothermonthstimeMrHenrywillhavebeenteachingherefo

6、rexactlythirtyyears.再過一個(gè)月，享利先生就將在這里從事講課整30年了。其余，have還可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，意謂”有”、”吃”等Badnewshaswings.丑事傳千里。Youreanaemic,youmusthavesomeiron.你患貧血癥了，應(yīng)當(dāng)服一些鐵。have還可用作使役動(dòng)詞Wenowhavetheproblemsolved.我們現(xiàn)已把這個(gè)問題解決了。Ihadatoothoutthisafternoon.我今日下午拔了一顆牙。Note:have用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)不可以使用縮略式。詞組haveto有神態(tài)意義，詳見”神態(tài)動(dòng)詞”。.do的形式和用法助動(dòng)詞do有三種形式：必然式

7、否認(rèn)式縮略否認(rèn)式原形dodonotdont此刻式第三人稱單doesdoesnotdoesnt數(shù)過去式diddidnotdidntNote:do用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)有此刻分詞doing和過去分詞done.助動(dòng)詞do的主要用法是：組成此刻一般時(shí)和過去一般時(shí)的疑問句Doyoualwayscarryanumbrella你常常帶傘嗎Dideverythingcomeoffallright全部都進(jìn)行的有順利嗎組成此刻一般時(shí)和過去一般時(shí)的否認(rèn)句Shedidntcooldownforhoursafterthatargument.在那場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論今后，她有好幾個(gè)小時(shí)都沒安靜下來。(2)Dontworry,hewillbeb

8、roughttobookforhiswickednessoneday.別擔(dān)憂，他的惡行總有一天要遇各處罰的。用于代替，以防范重復(fù)MayIcomeroundinthemorning上午我可以來拜見你嗎Yes,pleasedo.可以，請(qǐng)來吧。（do代替comeround）Idontlikecoffeeandneitherdoesmywife.我不喜愛咖啡，我老婆也不喜愛。(does代替like)用于重申(1)MyparentsthinkIdidntstudyformyexams,butdidstudy.我爸爸媽媽以為我考試前沒有復(fù)習(xí)，但我是復(fù)習(xí)了。(2)AlthoughIhavelittletim

9、eforentertainment,Idogotothetheatreonceinawhile.固然我很省有時(shí)間娛樂，一但我有時(shí)間就去看戲。(3)Wereverypleasedthatshedoesintendtocome.她確實(shí)打算來，我們特別快樂。Theletterwewereexpectingneverdidarrive.我們希望的信向來沒有到。Doyourememberhowkindshewas你記得她多友好嗎Icertainlydoremember.自然記得。用于央求Docometothepartytonight.務(wù)請(qǐng)今夜來參加晚會(huì)。Dobequiet!請(qǐng)別作聲！其余，do還可用作實(shí)

10、義動(dòng)詞，意謂”做”，”干”等等Shesdoingherknitting.她正在編織衣物。Sheinterruptedhimbeforehisspeechwasdone.她不等他把話說完就打斷了他。Badbooksdogreatharm.壞書有很大害處。Willyoudomeafavour你愿幫我個(gè)忙嗎Janeisdoingthedishes.珍妮正在洗碟子。Iwillisdomybest.我愿全力而為。Thatwilldo.行了（或夠了）。Note：如用其余時(shí)態(tài)，疑問句的助動(dòng)詞須提至主語前，否認(rèn)句的助動(dòng)詞今后加not如：Willhebeabletohearatsuchadistance離這么遠(yuǎn)

11、，他會(huì)聽獲得嗎Youhaventbeenabroadbefore,haveyou你從前沒出過國(guó)，是嗎.shall(should)和will(would)的形式和用法助動(dòng)詞shall（過去式should）和will(過去式would)有以下幾種形式：必然式縮略必然式否認(rèn)式縮略否認(rèn)式shallllshallnotshantshouldshouldnotshouldntwillllwillnotwontllnotwoulddwouldnotwouldntdnot助動(dòng)詞shall(should)和will(would)可用于組成各樣未來和過去未來時(shí)態(tài)，shall(should)用于第一人稱，will(

12、would)用于第二、第三人稱。在今世英語（特別是美國(guó)英語中）will(would)常用于全部人稱。shall用于各樣未來時(shí)態(tài)第一人稱（今世英語多用will）Weshallbegoingawaytomorrowbyanearlytrain.我們將于明天搭早班火車走開。(2)IshallletyouknowassoonasIhaveheardfromthem.我一接到他們的信、馬上告訴你。should用于各樣過去未來時(shí)態(tài)的第一人稱（今世英語多用would）(1)SothiswastheplacewhereIshouldstudyforthethreemadeabadfirstimpression

13、.今后，這就是我學(xué)習(xí)三年的地方，它給我的第一個(gè)印象可不好。(2)TheBCCweatherreportthismorningsaidthatweshouldhaverain.英國(guó)廣播企業(yè)今晨的天氣預(yù)告說，我們這兒將有雨。will用于各樣未來時(shí)態(tài)的第二、第三人稱Theywillbelookingforanyoneconnectedwithher.他們將找尋每一個(gè)與她有來往的人。TheplayiscomingoffinAugust-Bythentheplaywillhavebeenrunningforthreemonths.這個(gè)劇將于八月停演到那時(shí)它將連演三個(gè)月了。would用于各樣過去未來時(shí)態(tài)的

14、第二、第三人稱Theysaiditwouldbefine.人們說天氣會(huì)很好。Theywouldhavefinishedbyfiveoclock.他們將于五時(shí)前竣工。Note:shall(should)和will(would)可用作神態(tài)動(dòng)詞。詳見”神態(tài)動(dòng)詞”。shouldwould可以組成虛假語氣，詳見”虛假語氣”。二、神態(tài)動(dòng)詞神態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度。神態(tài)動(dòng)詞有必然詞義；不受主語人稱和數(shù)的變化影響；與主要?jiǎng)釉~的原形（或稱不帶to的不定式）一同組成謂語（除oughtto作固定詞組對(duì)待）。下邊分別介紹神態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法：can(could)1）表示能力，could主要指過去時(shí)間。Two

15、eyescanseemorethanone兩.只眼比一只眼看得清。Couldthegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool這女孩上學(xué)前能識(shí)字嗎2）表示可能（理論上或是邏輯判斷上）。Thetemperaturecanfallto60,thatis60belowfreezing.氣溫可降至60，也就是零下60。Hecant(couldnt)haveenoughmoneyforanewcar.他不可以能有足夠的錢買新車。Youmustntsmokewhileyourewalkingaroundinthewood.Youcouldstartafire.在林子里走時(shí)勿抽煙，那樣可能會(huì)惹

16、起火災(zāi)。3）表示同意。CanIhavealookatyournewpen我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎Heaskedwhetherhecouldtakethebookoutofthereadingroom.他問他可不可以夠把書帶出閱覽室。4）表驚詫、思疑、不相信等態(tài)度。主要用于否認(rèn)句、疑問句或痛惜句中。Wherecan(could)theyhavegoneto他們會(huì)去哪兒了呢Hecant(couldnt)beoversixty.他不可以能超出六十歲。Howcanyoubesocareless你怎么這么馬虎5）比較委宛客氣地提出問題或陳說見解。Can(Could)youlendmeahand幫我一把好

17、嗎Imafraidwecouldntgiveyouananswertoday.惟恐我們今日不可以給你答復(fù)。may(might)1）表同意，might可以指過去時(shí)間，也可指此刻時(shí)間，語氣更委宛。Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.你喜愛什么就拿什么。HetoldmethatImightsmokeintheroom.他告訴我可以在房間里抽煙。May(Might)Iaskforaphotoofyourbaby我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎在回答以may惹起的問句時(shí)，多防范用這個(gè)詞，而用其余方式，如Yes,please./Certainly./Pleasedont./Youdbettern

18、ot./No,youmustnt.等，免得顯得太嚴(yán)重或不客氣。2）表可能（事實(shí)上）?？梢灾高^去時(shí)間，也可以指此刻時(shí)間，但語氣更為不肯定。Hemaybeathome.他可能在家。Shemaynotknowaboutit.她可能不知道這件事。Hewasafraidtheymightnotagreewithhim.他擔(dān)憂他們可能不一樣樣意他的建議。Theymightbehavingameeting,butImnotsure.他們有可能在開會(huì)，但是我不用然。must1）表示義務(wù)。意為”必然”（主觀意志）。Wemustdoeverythingstepbystep.我們?nèi)慷急厝恍虼螡u進(jìn)地做。Youmus

19、tnttalktoherlikethat.你不可以能那樣對(duì)她說話。-Mustwehandinourexercisebooksnow我們此刻就要交練習(xí)本嗎-No,youneednt./No,youdonthaveto.不用。（這類狀況下，一般不用mustnt）2）表示推斷。意為”想必、準(zhǔn)是、必然”等，只用于必然句。Hemustbeill.Helookssopale他.準(zhǔn)是病了。他的神態(tài)蒼白。Sheswearingadiamondnecklace.Shemusthavealotofmoney.她戴著鉆石項(xiàng)鏈，必然很有錢。4.shall1）表征詢建議，用于第一、第三人稱疑問句。ShallIgetyo

20、usometea我給你點(diǎn)茶好嗎Shalltheboywaitoutside讓那男孩在外面等嗎Whatshallwedothisevening我們今夜做什么2）表說話人的意向，有”命令、許諾、警示、信心”等意思，用于第二、第三人稱陳說句。YoushalldoasIsay按.我說的做。（命令）Youshallhavemyanswertomorrow.你明天可以獲得我的回復(fù)。（許諾）Heshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.有一天他會(huì)懊悔的，我告訴你。（警示）Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.什么也不可以阻截我們履行這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃

21、。（信心）5.will1）表意向，用于各樣人稱陳說句。Iwilldoanythingforyou.我愿為你做任何事。Noneissoblindasthosewhowontsee.不肯看的人眼最瞎。Ifyouwillreadthebook,Illlendittoyou.假如你愿意讀這本書，我會(huì)把它借給你。2）表央求，用于疑問句。WillyouclosethewindowItsabitcold.請(qǐng)你把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎有點(diǎn)冷。Wontyoudrinksomemorecoffee再來一點(diǎn)咖啡好嗎3）表示某種偏向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。Fishwilldieoutofwater.魚走開水就不可以活。Thedoorwo

22、ntopen.這門打不開。Theboywillsittherehourafterhourlookingatthetrafficgoby.那男孩常常坐在那里好幾個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)，看著車輛行人經(jīng)過。should1）表義務(wù)。意為”應(yīng)當(dāng)”（某件事宜于做），用于各樣人稱。Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.你對(duì)老師應(yīng)當(dāng)有禮貌。Youshouldntwasteanytime.你不該當(dāng)浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。2）表推斷，意為“想必必然、照說應(yīng)當(dāng)、預(yù)計(jì)”等。Thefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirstclassactors.這部新電影是一流演員主演的，預(yù)計(jì)拍得很好。

23、Theyshouldbehomebynow.照說他們此刻應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)到家了。would1）表意向。Theywouldnotlethiminbecausehewaspoorlydressed.他們不讓他進(jìn)去由于他穿著破舊。IsaidIwoulddoanythingforyou.我說過我愿意為你做任何事。2）表委宛地提出央求、建議或見解。Wouldyoulikeanotherglassofbeer再來杯啤酒好嗎Wouldyoumindcleaningthewindow請(qǐng)把窗戶擦一下好嗎Theywouldnthaveanythingagainstit.他們不會(huì)有什么反對(duì)建議。3）表過去頻頻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過

24、去的一種偏向。Everytimeshewasintrouble,shewouldgotohimforhelp.她每遇到麻煩都會(huì)向她求援。他告訴我盒子打不開了。8.oughtto1）表義務(wù)，意為”應(yīng)當(dāng)”（因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做），口氣比should稍重。Youarehisfather.Yououghttotakecareofhim你.是他父親，應(yīng)當(dāng)管他。Yououghtnttosmokesomuch.你不該當(dāng)抽這么多煙。2）表推斷，暗含很大的可能，語氣較弱。HanMeioughttoknowhistelephonenumber.韓梅該知道他的電話號(hào)碼。Theresafinesunset;itough

25、ttobeafinedaytomorrow.今日有彩霞，明天應(yīng)當(dāng)是個(gè)晴天。9.usedto表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，此刻不復(fù)發(fā)生或存在。疑問式和否認(rèn)式有兩種。Heusedtoliveinthecountryside,butnowhelivesinthecity.他過去住在鄉(xiāng)間，此刻住在城里。Hedidntusetosmokecigarettes.Heusednttosmokecigarettes.DidntMariausetobeinterestedinthetheatreUsedntMariatobeinterestedinthetheatre其余，“神態(tài)動(dòng)詞此刻達(dá)成式”是一種較活躍的語法現(xiàn)

26、象，在各樣考試中屢見不鮮?，F(xiàn)將其用法概括以下：I對(duì)過去行為發(fā)生的可能性的推斷1“mustmaymight此刻達(dá)成式”表示對(duì)過去行為能否發(fā)生的可能性程度不一樣樣的必然推斷。1）“must此刻達(dá)成式”這一用法是指說話人對(duì)過去所發(fā)生的事情的必然推斷，含有邏輯上的必然性。比方：Hemusthavegonetotheclinic他必然是去醫(yī)務(wù)室了。Theystartedearlythismorning；theymusthavearrivedbynow他們一大早就出發(fā)了，此刻必然到了。2）“may此刻達(dá)成式”表示從此刻看來過去可能發(fā)生某事?？勺g為“從前”、“一度”、“或許”等。比方：Hemayhavemi

27、ssedthetrain他可能沒有追上火車。3）“might此刻達(dá)成式”表示“可能、或許、已經(jīng)”，但事實(shí)上并未這樣。比方：Imighthavecometoawrongconclusion我可能得出了錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)論。2表示對(duì)過去行為可能性的否認(rèn)推斷1）“couldcannot此刻達(dá)成式”表示以此刻的目光看來，過去不可以能發(fā)生的事。可譯為“不可以能或不至于”。比方：Theycouldnthaveleftsosoon他們不可以能那么早就走了。Theycanthavemissedtheway（Theyvebeentothezoobefore）他們不可以能迷路。（暗含他們從前往過動(dòng)物園。）Icanthave

28、seenhim我不可以能見過他。2）“maynot此刻達(dá)成式”表示“不用然發(fā)生過、未必發(fā)生過”等。3）“mightnot此刻達(dá)成式”表示“不用然就、也可能不、不免有點(diǎn)不”。II表示說話人的語氣1表示委宛責(zé)備1）“could此刻達(dá)成式”含有埋怨或訓(xùn)誡的口氣。比方：IcouldhavelentyouthemoneyWhydidntyouaskme我原來可以把錢借給你的。你為何沒有向我借呢2）might此刻達(dá)成式Y(jié)oumightatleasthaveansweredmyletter你最少可以回我一封信嘛。Youmighthavebeenmorecareful你本可以再仔細(xì)一些。2表示驚詫或思疑“co

29、uldcan此刻達(dá)成式”常用在疑問句中。比方：Where（can）couldtheyhavegone他們可能到哪里去了呢Howcouldtheyhaveforgottensuchanimportantmeeting他們?cè)趺茨芡暨@么重要的會(huì)議呢III表示說話人以為過去的行為應(yīng)當(dāng)或不該當(dāng)發(fā)生1“shouldoughtto此刻達(dá)成式”表示說話人以為該做而實(shí)質(zhì)未做的事。比方：Theyoughttohavedonethatbuttheydidnt他們本應(yīng)當(dāng)這樣做。Heshouldhavetoldmethenewsearlier他本應(yīng)當(dāng)早些告訴我這信息。2“shouldnotoughtnotto此刻達(dá)成

30、式”表示過去做了不該做的事。比方：Yououghtnttohavedonethat你這么做是不該當(dāng)?shù)摹oushouldnothavegoneuptocollegesosoon（Butyoudid）你本不該當(dāng)這么早就上大學(xué)的。Theyshouldnthavecome他們本不該當(dāng)來。IV表示不用要性。表示說話人對(duì)過去已做的事情持否認(rèn)態(tài)度，或以為此事根本沒必需做。常用句式為“neednt此刻達(dá)成式”。比方：Ineednthavehurried我大可不用這么急。Thewarneednthavecostmankindsomanylives-Itneednthavehappened在那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中原來不用有

31、那么多人喪生，不只這樣，原來就是一場(chǎng)不用要的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。V表假定?！皐ouldnt此刻達(dá)成式”表示與事實(shí)相反的動(dòng)作，實(shí)質(zhì)上已經(jīng)做了，但假定沒有做?？勺g為”就不會(huì)、決不會(huì)”等。比方：Ifnotforthesearmedforces,thesituationinchinswouldneverhavebeenwhatitistoday!假如沒有這些軍隊(duì)，中國(guó)絕無今日的場(chǎng)面！三、專項(xiàng)練習(xí)Whenhewasatschool,he_earlyandtakeawalkbeforebreakfast.A.willriseB.shallriseC.shouldriseD.wouldrise.Inthepast30ye

32、asChina_greatadvancesinthesocialistrevolutionandsocialistconsruction.D.havingmade4.I_gotobeduntilI_finishedmywork.A.dont/hadB.didnt/haveC.didnt/hadD.dont/have5._youthinkhe_backbydinnertimeA.Do/havecomeB.Did/willhavecomeC.Does/willcomeD.Do/willhavecome“_yougivemearoomforthenight”Iaskedonarrivingatthe

33、hotel.9.Therearenineofthem,so_getintothecaratthesametime.A.theymaynotatallB.alltheymaynotC.theycantallD.alltheycant10.“Wedidntseehimatthelectureyesterday.“”He_it.”A.mustntattendB.cannothaveattendedC.wouldhavenotattendedD.neednthaveattended11.“Yourealizethatyouweredrivingat100mph,dontyou”“80.”A.didnt

34、needtobeB.maynothavebeenC.couldnthavebeenD.neednthavebeen12.Hewasagoodrunnersohe_escapefromthepolice.A.might13.Ifthey_,ourplanwillfallflat.A.areco-operatingB.hadnotco-operatedC.wontco-operateD.didntco-operate14.Ihoped_myletter.A.hertoanswerB.thatshewouldanswerC.thatsheanswersD.heranswering15.He_live

35、inthecountrythaninthecity.A.prefersB.likesto16._toseeafilmwithustodayA.DidyoulikeB.WouldyoulikeC.WillyoulikeD.HaveyoulikedIm“Timeisrunningout,_”A.hadntwebettergotstartB.hadntwebettergetstartB.hadntwebettergetstartedD.hadntwebetternotstarted19.Noone_thattohisface.20.Thestudentsintheclassroom_nottomak

36、esomuchnoise.D.dare21.You_lastweekifyouwerereallyseriousaboutyourwork.A.oughttocomeB.oughttobecomingC.oughthavecomeD.oughttohavecome22.Theelephantsought_hoursagobythekeepers.D.tohavebeenfed23.“Iwonderwhytheyrelate.“”They_thetrain.”A.canhavemissedB.couldmissC.mayhavemissedD.mightmiss“Tomgraduatedfrom

37、collegeataveryyoungage.”“He_havebeenanoutstandingstudent.”25.You_theexaminationagainsinceyouhadalreadypassedit.A.neednthavetakenB.didntneedtotakeC.neednttakeD.mustnttakeAnswers：1-5BDACD16-20BBCCB6-10BDBCB21-25DDCAB11-15CDCBD四、自測(cè)練習(xí)1.Heisreallyincompetent!Theletter_yesterday.A.shouldbefinishedtypingB.

38、mustbefinishedtypingC.musthavefinishedtypingD.shouldhavebeenfinishedtypingWhenwereachedthestation,thetrainhadstillnotarrived;sowe_.needtohurrySinceyourroommateisvisitingherfamilythisweekend,_youliketohavedinnerwithustonightC.wouldntD.do5.Hewasafraidwhathehaddone_adisastrouseffectonhiscareer.6.He_har

39、dlysayanythingmore,sinceyouknowaboutit.A.dontneedtoB.neednt7.You_thelookonhisfacewhenhewontheprize.A.wouldhaveseenB.shouldhaveseenC.mustseeD.canbeseeing8.Somepeoplethinkthestockmarketwillcrash,but_.A.IwonderifithappensB.IdoubtifitwillhappenC.IamafraiditwouldnthappenD.Idoubtifitdoeshappen9.“Whateverh

40、ashappenedtoGeorge”“Idontknow.He_lost.”10.Hehasnoideawhatthebookisabout.He_readthebook.A.couldntB.couldnthaveC.mightnthaveD.shouldnthave11.NewstudiesshowthattwoofSaturnsringslongerthanthebillionyearssincethebirthoftheSolarSystem.A.couldhavelastedB.shouldhavelastedC.wouldhavelastedD.mustbelastingNeed

41、hecomeatonceYes,he_.Pleaseanswerthephone.It_bebyyourfather.Ifitis,wouldyoutellthatIwanttoseehimD.could15.Wellnevergiveinwhateverthey_sayordo.D.should16.Idontknowwhetheritwillrainornot,butifit_rain,Ishallstayathome.17.“Youdlikesometea,_”A.wouldntyouB.shouldntyouC.hadntyouD.didntyou18.“Maywetaketheboo

42、ksout”A.No,youmaynotB.No,youcannotC.No,youcantD.Pleasedont19.“Iwouldhavecomesooner,butI_thatyouwerewaiting”.A.didntknowB.hasntknownC.hadntknowD.haventknown20.Ifyoudontwantto,you_togettherewithus.A.mustntB.cantC.donthaveD.havenot21.IwouldgotovisitthembutI_thinktheyareanxioustoseeme.A.haventB.dontC.do

43、esntD.didnt22.Whateveryoucando,_.A.IcandosoaswellB.IcandothisaswellB.IcandoitaswellD.Icandoaswell_-IrealizedtheconsequencesIwouldneverhavecontemplatedgettinginvolved.24.“PerhapsheisworkingforJohn.”“Yes,he_forhim.”25.“IknowshewasinbecauseIheardherradio,butshedidntopenthedoor.”“She_thebell.”A.maynotbe

44、hearingB.maynothaveheardB.mustnothaveheardD.mustnotbehearing26.“Hewassmoking.”“Thenhe_.”A.oughttohavebeennotsmokingB.oughttohavenotbeensmokingC.oughtnottohavebeensmokingD.oughttonothavebeensmoking27.You_outyesterdaywithoutacoat.Nowonderyoucaughtcold.A.oughtnthavegoneB.shouldnthavegoneC.mustnthavegoneD.canthavegone28.“Paulwasridingabicyclealongthemotorwaywhenhewashitbythetrailerofalorry”A.shouldnthavebeenridingB.couldnthavebeenridingC.oughtnthavebeenridingD.canthavebeenriding29.Iamlistening.Butyou_.A.needbelisteningB.shouldbelisteningC.needhavebeenlisteningD.